612 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
April 13, 
GOOD GARE FOR WORK HORSES. 
The noblest creature on the farm is 
the work horse. The dairy cow is all 
right in her sphere, so, too, is the hog. 
Both are profit makers if well fed and 
cared for, and a combination of the 
two is hard to beat. While this is true, 
the horse is the animal on the farm we 
cannot dispense with, and he earns his 
keep and care by honest hard work. To 
keep him in good working condition at 
all times should be our aim. So far no 
motive power used on the farm can suc¬ 
cessfully compete with the horse, or 
mule for that matter. Some motors can 
do one thing, such as plow and harrow, 
drill in the grain, etc., but t^ey are not 
as yet practical on the average farm. 
The horse is the only practical motive 
power for all kinds of farm work. This 
being true, it is especially important that 
he be kept in the best possible condition. 
As a general rule the farm horse is fed 
a sufficient amount of hay and grain to 
perform his work and keep him in good 
condition, but in many cases he does not 
receive the proper care and attention. 
The efficiency of the horse to a large ex¬ 
tent depends upon the care he receives. 
Two of the serious troubles of the work 
horse which are usually entirely avoid¬ 
able are raw sore shoulders and neck. 
Many horses are made to work with 
sore shoulders throughout the entire 
season. A careful, humane man rarely 
drives a team troubled with sore shoul¬ 
ders or necks, but some careless men 
do. I use great care in the Spring not 
to rush my teams too fast or put in too 
long hours between feed an ! water. In 
the Spring, especially on extensive 
grain farms where little or no stock is 
kept, it seems necessary to put in long 
hours in the field in order to get the 
grain in as early as possible, but even 
on this kind of farm a horse will do a 
lot of hard work and put in long hours 
it properly treated. In early days when 
land was new and I had my team out 
from 5.30 a. m. till sundown I found 
myself able to keep the horses up in 
condition by taking water to the field 
and giving them two drinks during the 
forenoons and two during the after¬ 
noons. At about 9 a. m. the team was 
also driven up to a wagon box and 
given a small feed of grain. This was 
done without unhitching. Fifteen min¬ 
utes’ resting and eating a few oats put 
new life into the team and under this 
management the horses held in condi¬ 
tion and did a lot of hard work. I have 
always thought that when a man was 
driving a team and he feels the need of 
a drink of water the team certainly also 
must be thirsty. The fact is that horses 
need water more than the driver when 
he is riding and they are doing the 
work. I think it is utmost cruelty to 
keep a team trudging away in the heat 
and without water from morning till 
noon and from noon till night. 
Fortunately for the farmer and his 
team, exclusive grain farming has given 
way to mixed stock and grain farming. 
Having stock a man has a certain 
amount of choring to do nights and 
mornings so he does not put in such 
long hours in the field as formerly. Thus 
the team will not need a feed of grain 
between regular feeds, but a drink of 
water at mid-forenoon and mid-after¬ 
noon will be found beneficial nearly 
every day and an absolute necessity on 
hot days. Try it and note the improved 
appearance of the horses. Sore necks 
can be avoided by using tongue trucks 
on any machine that bears heavily on 
the necks of the horses. The disk har¬ 
row has been in times past one of the 
worst machines on the horses’ necks, but 
now there is no excuse for using one 
without tongue trucks, as the average 
tongue truck will fit any disk. Corn 
cultivators can now be purchased that 
entirely relieve the team of neck weight. 
Grain binders are or can be equipped 
with tongue trucks, so a team can pull 
a binder for days without any weight 
on the neck. Sore shoulders are gen¬ 
erally caused by ill-fitting collars. Every 
horse should have its own collar, and 
that collar should fit him. It should 
be wide enough not to pinch or squeeze 
the shoulders, but not so wide as to 
wabble. It should be just long enough 
not to choke him when pulling hard, 
and it should always be kept clean. 
Washing the shoulders in salty water 
every night as soon as the collar is re¬ 
moved is very beneficial. Then also is 
the time to wipe off the collar to keep 
its draft surface hard, clean and smooth. 
It often happens that a collar that is 
snug at the beginning of the season be¬ 
comes too large for the horse before the 
close, because of loss of flesh. This 
is sometimes unavoidable, but as a gen¬ 
eral rule the horse should be held up in 
flesh reasonably 'well. When he be¬ 
comes reduced in flesh so his collar no 
longer fits the very best thing to do is 
to buy a new one that does fit during 
the remainder of the season. As a 
usual thing pads are used on the old 
collar. They are rightly named sweat 
pads, as they absorb all the sweat and 
in a few days are wet and gummy, caus¬ 
ing the horse much discomfort. 
Last Spring a farmer gave me his 
way of using sweat pads and upon trial 
I found it exceedingly good. He uses 
heavy table oil cloth, and uses it both 
on the pads and the collar without a 
pad in hot weather. I was up against 
the problem of buying new collars last 
Spring or using pads on the old ones, 
and I chose the latter, but I used the 
oil cloth over them and found it worked 
to perfection. My pads are always light 
and dry, and it is the work of a mo¬ 
ment to wipe off the oil cloth when tak¬ 
ing off the collar. Clear white oil cloth 
of the heaviest kind should be used. 
One and one-fourth yards will make 
three coverings for the pads. Lay the 
oil cloth on a table smooth side down 
and stretch the pad out full length, then 
mark the outlines with a pencil, allow¬ 
ing about 1}4 inches outside of the lines 
•made when cutting. This inch and a 
half margin is to lap around the edge 
of the pad when it is stretched on. This 
leaves the surface perfectly smooth. The 
pad is kept dry because the oil cloth 
surface is smooth and moisture proof. 
It is cool and avoids parboiling the 
shoulders as ordinary pads do. Try it, 
you men who use pads, or have horses 
with sore shoulders. Use it on a collar 
with a rough surface and see how good 
it is for the horse. Keep it clean and 
the sores will not come or will disap¬ 
pear. The work horse amply repays us 
for all the humane treatment we bestow 
upon him. william hardy. 
Illinois. 
A News Letter from the Ohio College of 
Agriculture says W. II. Standish, of Ful¬ 
ton County, O., is an excellent example of 
what a practical farmer can do in the 
way of breeding up a good herd of dairy 
cattle. This man began 26 years ago with 
a few head of cows. By judicious selection 
and breeding he has succeeded in produc¬ 
ing what is considered by representatives 
of the College of Agriculture as one of the 
best herds of Holstein cattle in the coun¬ 
try produced by a single individual. He 
has 11 head of cows for which he has been 
offered $25,000. Mr. Standish recently re¬ 
fused $600 for a two-months-old heifer 
calf, the mother of which has a record of 
producing 111 pounds of milk in one day, 
and her official seven-day record is 34.6 
pounds. Last year one of his cows pro¬ 
duced 119 pounds of milk in one day. No 
official record of these cows was kept un¬ 
til last year, but since that time their 
fame has spread and buyers have come 
into the community and bought up $7,000 
worth of descendants of the herd. 
A public sheep shearing contest, the only 
event of its kind in the United States, will 
be held at the College of Agriculture, Ohio 
State University, April 5. Professor C. S. 
Plumb, head of the animal husbandry de¬ 
partment, who has charge of these annual 
events, announces that there will be a 
demonstration of shearing by power ma¬ 
chines, with hand machines and common 
shearers. One of the most noted pro¬ 
fessional shearers in the world will be there 
and will give demonstrations of the work 
with the machine. 
Save$50‘o$500 
per year with the aid of a reliable gasoline engine. 
Others are doing it why not you? Farm help is scarce 
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vestment is small—they do their 
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Our big illustrated farm engine catalog contains 
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GRAY MOTOR COMPANY 
484 U. S. Motors Buildino. Detroit, Michigan 
) 
Low-Down Steel Wheel Wagons 
Are fast replacing the high farm wagons for 
general farm work. The reason is plain. The 
Low-Down wagon makes easier work for the 
man and no harder for the team. One man 
can do most of his farm work alone with the 
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HAVANA METAL WHEEL CO., BOX 17 HAVANA, ILL. 
Roof as \ 
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Asbestos is a peculiar substance, and very interesting. Perhaps 
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1595 
D" HESS DIP 
And Disinfectant 
For the prevention and eradica¬ 
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and Disinfectant is recognized as 
the most effective. It meets 
the requirements of the U. S. 
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effective solution. It destroys 
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This is the most popular dip 
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It also cure§ mange on dogs 
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Write for free 
Dip Booklet 
DR. HESS 
& CLARK, 
Ashland, 
Ohio 
•|j. 
* 
Bet Tills 'ROOK 
Telia what Co-operation has done by 20 Big, Important 
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Biggest Saving Opportunity 
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Get“Book of a Thousand Bar¬ 
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The United Factories Co. 
Pept- B-31 Cleveland. O 
A 
Boy 
Can Work It 
Accurate, thorough cultivation with the 
Kraus Pivot-Axle Sulky Cultivator is only a 
matter of steering; not of work. Gangs and 
wheels moved simultaneously to right or left 
by slightest touch of operator’s foot. Shovels 
held to work by mach- QI If AT AYIE 
itie power not muscle. pIVIII " AALE 
SULKY 
CULTIVATOR 
Perfect for hillsides or 
crooked rows. Instantly ad¬ 
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Also Clipper Hammock Seat. 
' If your dealer doesn’t 
handle the Kraos. don’t ac¬ 
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Catalogue free, 
AKRON CULTIVATOR CO 
Dept. 24, AKRON. OHIO 
There is good money in those trees on the 
wood lot. Do you know how to get it? All 
you need is an “American ” Saw Mill which 
you can run with the farm engine to cut that 
standing timber into first class lumber. It 
is easy money with an “ American ” Mill, 
which cuts more lumber with less power 
and at less cost than any other. Your 
neighbor has timber, too. Cut it for him 
with your “ American ” Mill. You will both 
make money that way. “Making Money 
Off the Wood Lot ” is a book which tells 
you all about lumber cutting. We want 
you to have a copy. Ask us for it Write 
to our nearest office. 
American Saw Mill Machinery Co. 
129 Hope Street, Hackettstown, N. J. 
1582 Terminal Building, New York 
Chicago—Savannah—NewOrleans 
