6120 
THE RURAb NEW-YORKER 
April 20, 
FARMERS’ CLUB 
[ Every query must be accompanied by the 
name and address of the writer to insure 
attention. Before asking a question, please see 
whether it is not answered in our advertising 
columns. Ask only a few questions at one time. 
Put questions on a separate piece of paper.] 
Analyses of Farm Crops. 
J., Walworth, N. Y .—Give analyses of 
the following to show what they will take 
from the soil in nitrogen, phosphoric acid 
and potash : Wheat, oats, corn, red kidney 
beans, potatoes and Timothy. We have 14 
acres of sod, Timothy and clover, with a 
good second growth of clover lightly man¬ 
ured with the spreader. Will a fertilizer 
containing two per cent nitrogen force too 
much top to the detriment of the crop? 
The manure was put on this sod last Sum¬ 
mer soon after mowing. 
Ans.— The following table is a fair 
statement: 
POUNDS IN ONE TON. 
Nitrogen. Phos. acid Potash 
Wheat . 42 16 12 
Oats . 40 13 9 
Corn . 32 12 8 
Beans . 85 24 27 
Potatoes . 7 3 12 
Timothy . 32 16 42 
You will understand that this repre¬ 
sents the grain alone and not the straw, 
vine or stalk, which we assume will be 
used and kept on the farm. A fertilizer 
with two per cent, of nitrogen and also 
potash and phosphoric acid ought not to 
stimulate the crop into too much 
growth. 
Best Soil for Strawberries. 
if. (No Address ).—How should soil be 
prepared and how should strawberries be 
cared for to assure best success? 
Ans. —The essentials for a good 
strawberry soil are that it must hold 
water well, be full of humus and be rich 
in plant food—particularly potash and 
phosphoric acid. A soil somewhat acid 
is best. Therefore a strawberry soil 
should be stuffed full of vegetable mat¬ 
ter. Do not use lime or ashes. The 
crop will surely fail on very light open 
soil or on a hard clay which bakes after 
a rain. An old sod is not good for 
the berries, since it contains white 
grubs, which are a special nuisance to 
this crop. A heavy clover sod, well ma¬ 
nured and planted to corn, with a cover 
crop at the last cultivation, will make a 
good start for berries. A potato crop 
is also a good one to precede straw¬ 
berries. The ground should be fitted 
for “garden culture.” It can hardly be 
too fine. The plants may be set in hills 
like corn or potatoes or in rows. In 
hills the runners are cut off so as to 
leave one large “parent plant” at each 
hill. In rows the runners are left so 
as to form what is called a matted row. 
Future Value of Orchards. 
C. IP. C., Woodbridge, Conn .—Can you, 
through your paper, give me the rule used 
in estimating the value of peach and 
apple plantings, above the first cost of the 
land? Also give the ratio of increase per 
year, taking for granted that the land is 
in fair shape for planting and that the 
orchard is properly cared for. For in¬ 
stance, what would be the value of an 
acre of peaches and apples after plant¬ 
ing ; at the end of a year; three years and 
five years? The permanent apple trees are 
set 40 feet each way, some permanent apple 
trees at the intersection of the diagonals 
and peaches as fillers. The peaches to be 
cut out at nine or 10 years and semi¬ 
permanent apples at 16 years. What would 
be the value of such an orchard at 12 
years ? 
Ans. —There is no definite rule for 
such figuring. The value of a tree will 
depend on the variety, the culture, the 
soil and the locality or nearness to mar¬ 
ket. All sorts of large stories and im¬ 
probable estimates have been made, and 
the larger they are the more eagerly 
they are seized by exploiters who try to 
sell stock in “unit orchards.” On Yhe 
other hand, there are records of esti¬ 
mated losses where orchards are burned 
over by railroad fires, or where nursery¬ 
men are sued for damage on “misfit” 
trees. From an average of such things | 
it appears that a tree one year estab¬ 
lished in the ground is valued at one 
dollar; that the annual yearly increase 
in value is 50 cents for peach and one 
dollar for apple. We would not at¬ 
tempt to estimate the future value of 
any orchard. In the past we have 
found our figures twisted about in our 
attempt to boom some proposition or to 
discredit it. 
How Much Dust Spray? 
Several Readers. —Will Mr. Louis Erb 
tell us how much dust is required to cover 
a good-sized tree or an acre with “spray?" 
Ans. —There is no special rule to gov¬ 
ern that. It all depends upon the size 
of the trees and the general condition 
of the orchards. The idea is to cover 
the trees on all sides thoroughly with 
the dust, when conditions are normal, 
and make extra heavy applications when 
from one cause or another it appears 
expedient. After going over an acre of 
trees any intelligent grower can soon 
determine the quantity of dust required, 
which in no case will be as expensive 
as the liquid. As no injury can result 
from the dust method either to fruit or 
fohage, I shall be more liberal in apply¬ 
ing it this year than at any time in the 
past. One of our leading Missouri 
growers wrote me a few days ago that 
he was now using one-half flowers of 
sulphur to one-half hydrated lime and 
five pounds Paris green to the 100 
pounds mixture, but I think 60 pounds 
lime, 35 pounds sulphur, and five pounds 
Parts green is quite strong enough for 
general use. 
Having no San Jose scale in my 
orchards, I have never used either dust 
or liquid lime and sulphur preparations 
for eradicating that trouble. Scientific 
men generally claim that the lime and 
sulphur solution, either self-boiled or 
commercial, is the proper remedy for 
San Jose scale and kindred troubles, 
while on the other hand some of the 
most practical growers have been very 
successful by applying the lime and sul¬ 
phur in equal quantities in the dust 
form. Applications in either form for 
this sort of orchard pests should be 
made before the trees are in bloom. 
Missouri. _ louis erb. 
The Use of Phosphate Powder. 
Do you consider Thomas phosphate pow¬ 
der a good substitute for bone meal? 
Pennsylvania. J. H. J. 
You cannot compare them except as a 
source of phosphoric acid. The bone is an 
organic substance containing phosphoric 
acid and some nitrogen. The phosphate 
powder contains no nitrogen. One of the 
first things to remember is that anything 
which has been burned or passed through 
fire loseg its nitrogen in the burning. The 
phosphate powder contains phosphoric acid 
and active lime. In many cases, especially 
in orchards and on grass and grain, farmers 
obtain excellent results by using the phos¬ 
phate powder, nitrate of soda, and sulphate 
of potash. This gives a “complete fertil¬ 
izer” and also lime. On page 457 in 
speaking of various phosphates the types 
made us say that the phosphoric acid in 
raw ground rock is equal to that in the 
phosphate powder. It is not. There are 
many cases on record where the phosphate 
powder gave immediate returns the first 
season, while the ground rock may remain 
for years in the ground unchanged. The 
use of phosphate powder is now long past 
experiment with many of our best fruit 
growers and farmers. 
Pyrox fills the barrel with the apples 
that used to go on top. Write Bowker 
Insecticide Co., Boston, for book.—Adv. 
E VERYTHING that can possibly in¬ 
terest the flower enthusiast, the home 
gardener, the trucker, the farmer and even 
the novice, is fully treated and explained in 
DREER’S GARDEN BOOK 
A comprehensive work of 288 pages. Contains 
1,000 splendid photo reproductions, 4 beautifully 
colored pages and 6 duotone plates. 
FULL DIRECTIONS given for growing almost 
every plant, seed and vegetable. We’ve 5 new 
vegetables you’ll want to know about and many 
varieties of novelties in flowers. 
Dreer's Garden Book sent free to anyone men¬ 
tioning this publication. 
F)REER'S PEERLESS GIANT PANSIES. 
. A mixture of the most exclusive giant sorts 
in a bewildering range of colorings. Sown out of 
doors by the end of April, will bloom from July 
till snow flies. Special packets containing enough 
seed to produce over one hundred plants. 10 cents 
per packet. Garden Book free with each or der. 
HENRY A. DREER 
m Chestnut St., PHILADELPHIA. Pa. 
B IG FOUR SEED POTATOES For Sale—Yielded 700 bu. per 
acre; 00 per cent greater yield than Gresn Mountain, year 
iu and year out; outyielded over 1,000 varieties. Price— 
barrel, $5.00; bushel, $2.00. i. L. WAKE, GARDINER, ME. 
DEYO POWER SPRAYER 
We make every part that goes into the DEYO 
SPRAYER right here in Binghamton, under our 
personal supervision—every wheel, every bearing, 
every valve; we know exactly the grade materials 
and how every part is finished and adjusted. We 
make the engine, too. This is what makes 
- -GUARANTEED- - 
on a DEYO SPRAYER mean so much. 
Write for Illustrated Booklet 14-C—FREE 
DEYO POWER ENGINES, V6 to 15 H. P. 
We can prove that the DEYO ENGINE has 
no superior. Send for Booklet 15-C. 
THE DEYO-MACEY ENGINE CO. 
BINGHAMTON, N. Y. 
■ ■ ■ ■■ ■■ ■ — ■ —J 
Engineer Seib, ef the werld’* fastest train, “20th Century Limited,” in his Cartercar 
This Man Knows— 
He knows efficient, reliable mechanical construction and would 
certainly not select a motor car unless it came up to his standard. 
He chose a Cartercar for the same 
reasons that you will qhoose it when 
you understand how it is made. 
The Cartercar is remarkably simple. 
It has no gears. The patented friction 
transmission makes the Cartercar 
pleasing to drive, reliable, and far 
more efficient than is possible with 
a gear transmission. 
Your Cartercar will climb a 50 % 
grade. This great pulling power 
will take you over any roads that are 
at all passable. 
You control it with one lever—and 
you have any number of speeds. The 
Cartercar runs along sweetly, noise¬ 
lessly, and without jarring or jerking. 
As a family car it is ideal. Safety, 
easy riding, and easy driving make 
the Cartercar a favorite with every 
one. It is delightful for ladies to 
drive, too. 
We make five splendid models, 
coupe, roadster, and touring cars. 
The prices will suit you if you want 
a really serviceable car. They range 
from $1,200 to $2,100, including 
complete equipment. 
When you realize what a Cartercar 
will do you will want one. The 
catalogue will tell you more about 
it, and I will be very glad to give 
you further information if you will 
write me personally. 
Harry R. Radford, Sales Manager 
Cartercar Company 
Pontiac, Michigan 
Branches : New York, Chicago, Kansas City, Detroit 
Peach Trees 
SPECIAL OFFER Until Slight Surplus Is Sold 
Belle of Georgia, Stump, Maules Early, Mountain Rose & Reeves’ Favorite 
4 to 6 ft. . Extra .... at $8 per 100 ; $75 per 1,000 
3J4 to5ft..First Class., at $7 per 100; $65 per 1,000 
3 to 4 ft.. Fine Stock., at $6 per 100; $50 per 1,000 
2 to 3 ft. . Branched.. at $5 per 100; $45 per 1,000 
1 to 2 ft. . Whips .... at $4 per 100; $30 per 1,000 
These prices apply to the above-named varieties only . 
We have a full list of other kinds at regular catalogue prices. 
Terms —Cash with order . We will ship immediately. 
JOSEPH H. BLACK, SOH & CO... HIGHTSTOWN, N. J. 
TESTED SEED CORN Golden Dent Gourd 
Seed variety. Have reports from 1910-11 crop, 
ranging from 99 to 115 bushels per acre. Have bred 
this corn for the past 30 years. Write for Circular. 
EDWARD WALTER, Eureka Stock Farm, West Chester, Pa. 
'EED POTATOES— Standard varieties, true to name, 
) from 12 years’ selection. Strawberry plants, 20 va- 
ieties. Send for prices. Homer B.Howe, Wellsboro, Pa. 
GET VIGOROUS WESTERN 
F<*rYour ENSILAGE 
i you high germination seed for 
less than you pay the local 
jdcaler for poor stuff. It will 
produce from 30 to 40 tons 
an acre on good land. Read 
what one customer says about it:| 
Preble, N. Y., Feb. 12, 1912. 
Henry Field: I had ensilage 
corn from you last year and it 
was over 12 feet high, an ear 
onevery stalk, sometimes two. 
^ Can you furnish me the same 
JtBSlSSSai seed this year. W. W. ROOT. 
|£ Price—$1.50 per bu., freight prepaid, in la.. Ill., 
Mo,, Neb., Kttus. , Wis., Ind. and Ohio on 4 bu. 
or over. $l.75per bu. freight prepaid to stales 
L. east and south of Ohio on 4 bu. or over, 
Seed guaranteed satisfactory or your 
money back. Catalogs and samples 
free for the asking. Write me today 
HENRY FIELD SEED CO.. 
Box 26 Shenandoah, Iowa. 
r n u Cow Peas, $2.00 to $2,50 bushel; 
Crimson Clover Seed, $6.00 to 
$7.00 bushel; Red Clover Seed, $12.00 bushel. 
JOSEPH E. HOLLAND — Milfokd, Delaware. 
S TRAWBERRY PLANTS—Reliable money-maKing vari¬ 
eties only $1.75 and $1.08 per 1000 New 1012 Illue. 
Catalogue free. S. A.YIRDIN. Hartly, Delaware. 
S URPLUS STRAWBERRY PLANTS-Guaranteea true to 
name—at $175 per thousand. Descriptive Cata¬ 
log tree. G. E. BUNTING, Selbyville, Del. 
cccn P O D M~ Kei<i ’“ Yellow Dent, Imp. Early Learning 
O LtU bUflil and Wliite Cap. Tested Seed. Also SEED 
OATS. Catalog free. THEO. HURT A SONS, Melrose. Ohio 
INCREASE . 
hill selection 
| 5 _ 0 ^ 
BUSHEL 
FREIGHT 
PREPAID 
your profits by planting potatoes bred up by 
ion. Circular free. E. B. FOLLETT, Hale, Mich. 
CFFn CORN Hall’s Improved Virginia Ensil- 
OEiCiLr LUIvi'l age, $1.75 per bushel. Graded 
and tested. W. E. HALL, Mechums River, Va. 
r 
FOR ALL KINDS OF 
pninn CLOVER and FIELD SEEDS 
uHAuU also a full line of 
or PRO GARDEN and FLOWER SEEDS 
uLLUO WRITE THIS OLD RELIABLE HOUSE 
/ Catalog Free and Price List of Grass and 
/ Field fseeds mailed yon on application 
j THE HENRY PHILIPPS SEED & iMPLEMENT C0..Toledo. 0‘ 
