ei2 
THE RURAL, NEW-YORKER. 
May 11, 
N. Y. Exchange price $1.61 per 40-quart 
can, netting 3j4 cents to shippers in 26- 
eent zone. 
The Massachusetts Milk Situation. 
The same old game has been worked this 
year by the contractors to force a low 
price for Summer milk, a price that will 
yield the farmer no profit under present 
conditions of high grain and feed prices. 
The bluff was worked by the contractors 
refusing to meet the farmers as a body, 
and offering a low price to certain sections, 
and making others think they would not 
buy their milk this Summer, claiming they 
were receiving more than they could dis¬ 
pose of with profit. The truth is there has 
been very little or no average surplus; that 
is, while one day might have a surplus the 
next following would have an even supply, 
or perhaps a little under the normal supply. 
Hut the point was to make the producers 
think that milk was very plentiful and 
create the general impression that prices 
must rule low, and each contractor would 
(laim the others had secured their Summer 
supply at a certain low figure. By tactics 
along these lines they scared the producers 
into naming very lowest prices they would 
sell for, and when they had secured this 
price after a little delay to make the thing 
look right one firm of contractors agreed 
to pay this price. This same firm would 
have paid at least one or two cents more 
just as readily if the same had been de¬ 
manded, and the demand backed'up with 
“This is the price we will , accept and no 
less. If you don't want it at that, leave 
it and we will make other arrangements.” 
The price agreed on by the Whitings and 
their producers is 31 cents at the car in the 
uine-cent zone, which will mean 33 cents 
in this zone, netting the farmers about 
28 or 29 cents in the former and 30 or 
31 cents in the latter. The Hoods agreed 
to pay as much as the Whitings, and as 
these two companies buy the larger share 
of the whole Boston supply these will be 
about the general prices paid this Summer; 
that is, this is the average price. Some 
months the price will be above, and some 
others it will be below. We understand the 
Whitings will take all milk sent with prac¬ 
tically no restrictions except for the months 
of May and June, at the above price.. They 
can well afford to do this, as any surplus 
is made into butter (which we do not think 
will drop much below present prices this 
season), and would be no loss. Very little 
surplus has for several years been made 
into butter in Boston because they have 
not had any surplus to speak of during that 
time. Most of the contractors’ butter has 
been made in creameries controlled or 
owned by them in the distant sections 
where they secure their extra milk when 
the ordinary supply falls short. There is 
certainly no inducement at these prices for 
farmers to improve their stables and follow 
the demands made by the Boston inspectors. 
While the Ellis bill has been killed, yet 
the ghost is trying to appear in another 
form or behind another bill designed and 
pushed forward by the Ellis supporters, 
namely the Consumers’ League. These peo¬ 
ple will be satisfied when they kill the 
milk producing business entirely, and not 
before, by driving it into the hands of a 
few rich and powerful men who, when they 
get it well in their grip, will make the 
people pay the cost the same as the meat 
barons and others are doing along those 
lines at the present time. a. e. p. 
Hopkinton, Mass. 
ALFALFA, OLEO, AND THE SOUTH. 
We have seen a table purporting to give 
the statistics of Alfalfa culture in this 
country. This table shows the number of 
acres seeded to Alfalfa in each State, the 
vield per acre, and the value of the hay 
taken from one acre. In this table some 
of the Southern States stand at the head 
In the value per acre. For example, take 
the following: 
Georgia .$36.23 
South Carolina . 49.64 
North Carolina . 30.31 
Virginia . 33.00 
Maryland . 32.82 
Delaware . 38.67 
New Jersey . 36.51 
New York . 33.45 
Vermont . 32.33 
Wisconsin . 31.25 
Louisiana . 31.11 
This means that the hay sold from an 
acre of Alfalfa at local prices would bring 
the sum given. These prices are deter¬ 
mined by the demand and the scarcity of 
other forage crops. The one thing, liow- 
< ver, which keeps up the price of Alfalfa 
hay is the extent to which dairying is 
practiced, for Alfalfa is the great food for 
the dairy cow and is the backbone of dairy¬ 
ing. Whenever dairying becomes estab¬ 
lished in any locality, sooner or later Al¬ 
falfa growing must follow in order that 
the cows may be fed profitably. A good 
Illustration of this is seen in the neighbor¬ 
hood around Syracuse. Older farmers can 
well remember when this section was more 
noted as a grain country than for milk 
production. At that time land had only a 
moderate value, and much of it has been 
given up or let out to tenants. It was 
found that on that strong limestone soil 
Alfalfa grew luxuriantly. It naturally 
followed farmers found that with the Al¬ 
falfa, dairying proved profitable. As 
dairying increased, the section naturally 
became headquarters for the finest speci¬ 
mens of several grades of cattle. As Al¬ 
falfa growing has spread out, land has in¬ 
creased in value. It has become far more 
productive, and farmers have become pros¬ 
perous as never before. That has ever 
been the history of a section which sys¬ 
tematically took up Alfalfa growing with 
dairying. Now as we see several of the 
Southern States give returns of over $30 
an acre when put in Alfalfa, and the de¬ 
mand for the Alfalfa in that section has 
only half begun, because dairying has only 
begun to attract the attention of Southern 
farmers. 
Southern people consume vast quan¬ 
tities of butter, most of which is made at 
the North and shipped south. Her states¬ 
men and leaders apparently figure that it 
is better to feed their people on oleo. hav¬ 
ing it colored in imitation of butter so 
that the Southern people may think that 
they are eating the genuine product. This 
is a foolish proposition in itself, but 
doubly so when we consider what dairying 
and Alfalfa growing would do for the 
South. The Southern climate is such that 
not only can cattle be kept cheaply and 
with cheap shelter, but a large variety of 
forage crops could be grown in connection 
with Alfalfa so as to make a cheap dairy 
ration. With 15 or 20 years of such dairy¬ 
ing, most remarkable results would follow. 
A good illustration of this is found in the 
country around Starkville, Miss., where 
dairying and the production of dairy cattle 
has become a regular business. This has 
brought in a large acreage of Alfalfa and 
clover, and the result of this continued 
dairying has doubled the price of land, 
doubled the deposits of capital in the banks, 
and greatly increased the production of 
cotton, corn and many other farm crops. 
In view of these facts, it seems as if the 
Southern Congressmen were blindfold in 
their support of oleo legislation. There is 
nothing they can do that would help their 
section more than to help the establishment 
of dairying throughout the South. As it 
is, by supporting oleo they are doing the 
best they can to kill off the industry which 
is the most important one now in the minds 
of the Southern people. 
What About Mechanical Milkers? 
Can you learn if possible what has been 
the experience of readers of The H. N.-Y. 
in regard to the use of the "mechanical 
milker?” F. i. n. 
The only way we know of to learn such 
experience is to ask for it. We do not care 
for the opinion of agents or parties inter¬ 
ested in the sale of such machines. Wo 
want if possible to hear from practical 
dairymen who have invested their own 
money. 
Beef cattle, $15 to $30; milch cows, $25 
to $50; hay, $10 to $15; pigs, four weeks 
old, $5 ; sheep. $3 to $6. Beans and peas. 
10 to 12 cents a quart; corn, 80 to 85 
tents a bushel; potatoes, $1.25 to $1.35 
a bushel. Butter, 30 to 40 cents; milk, six 
to seven cents; eggs, 18 to 20 cents per 
dozen. F. M. F. 
East Machias, Me. 
Cattle five cents per pound for stock; 
recent sales have been made at seven cents 
for fat cattle. Horses about $200. Hay, 
mixed. $20 per ton. Timothy or clover, $23 
per ton. Manure $1 per load. Milk 15 to 
16 cents per gallon. J. v. 
Leesburg, Va. 
Hay 60 cents per hundred. Tigs $5 per i 
pair; horses, $75 to $225. No milk for 
sale. Chickens, 10 cents a pound. Pota— | 
toes, $1.90 to $2 per bushel. Cows, $25 
to $40. We have no auction sales in this 
neighborhood. J. s. M. 
Diflwyn, Va. 
If You 
or More Cows We 
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THESHARPLES SEPARATOR CO. 
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The inventors of the Modern 
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Drainage Engineering 
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