THB RURAL NEW-YOKKER 
681 
1912. 
A WEST VIRGINIA APPLE ORCHARD. 
In planting a young orchard I thought 
it would be of interest to know just 
what the final cost per acre would be 
after the trees were properly and well 
set. This was done according to the 
latest up-to-date methods, by using 
dynamite to dig the holes, partially; 
after shooting one-fourth of a stick of 
40% dynamite to make the holes and 
break up the subsoil thoroughly, this 
was followed up by taking everything 
out of each hole and refilling it with 
good surface soil, packing it down so as 
to retain moisture and prevent tree from 
sinking, should there come heavy rains 
soon after planting; this precaution 
should most certainly be taken so that 
the trees when planted will not sink and 
be ruined. In selecting the location for 
a prospective paying orchard, great care 
should be taken as to the soil, subsoil, 
elevation and exposure. The location 
under consideration is about the highest 
piece of land on the farm, consisting of 
yellow clay, red clay and loam with 
gravel; subsoil, sandy loam, gravel, 
waxy yellow and red clay. It had been 
used for about 30 years in Blue grass, 
pasture for sheep, cattle and horses, 
and a favorite resort as a sleeping 
ground for the sheep. This field con¬ 
sisted of perhaps 125 acres; a S]/ 2 acre 
lot was fenced off in 1910 and this Blue 
grass sod was plowed about seven 
inches deep late in the Fall and early 
Spring, and was thoroughly prepared 
for a bumper crop of corn in 1911. The 
one-horse cultivators were kept going 
as long as possible, until a storm twisted 
the corn so that a horse could not get 
through it without considerable damage 
to the corn. In due time the corn was 
harvested into shocks 12x16 hills; the 
ground was then cut and cross-cut up 
with a Cutaway harrow, leaving strips 
every 33 feet, six to eight feet wide the 
long way of the field for apple rows, 
and drilling one and one-quarter bushels 
of wheat per acre, using 300 pounds of 
two per cent, nitrogen, nine per cent, 
phosphoric acid and seven per cent, 
potash per acre. 
The trees were ordered direct from 
the nurseries and were ready November 
1, 1911, for setting, but the wet weather 
prevented any planting until March 28th. 
1912. The trees were well buried and 
covered with pine brush during the 
Winter, and but very few trees were 
injured by the severe freezing; those 
that were frozen were cut back when 
planted, leaving a stub only eight to 
12 inches above ground. This plot lies 
rolling, and every tree can be easily 
reached from any direction, and culti¬ 
vation and spraying a comparatively 
easy job. The trees were set about two 
inches deeper than they had grown in 
the nursery, the roots were trimmed, 
straightened out, all air spaces filled 
with fine, surface soil, well tramped 
down and from two to three inches of 
loose soil thrown over it around each 
tree which was then trimmed to a stub 
from 24 to 30 inches high, so as to form 
low heads; trees used were yearlings. 
Cost of trees set 33 feet apart each way 
for six years. 
240 trees .$52.05 
Locating apple rows. 2.00 
Shooting holes, time. 4.50 
Cleaning out and refilling holes and 
setting trees . 14.50 
Cost of dynamite, fuse and caps.... 14.25 
Total for 240 trees.$87.30 
Cost per acre.$14.55 
Cost per tree when set.363 + 
These strips in which the apple rows 
are located will be cultivated once every 
eight or 10 days up to the middle of 
July, and then seeded to cow peas as a 
cover crop to be turned under in the 
Spring and the same cultivation again 
given them. The clover sown in the 
wheat was allowed to grow, and then 
cut and left on the ground as a mulch, 
or to add humus to the soil as may be 
deemed advisable at the time. The cost 
of labor as figured herein is perhaps 
very low, 75 cents per day including 
board. Cost of dynamite 18 cents per 
pound; fuse one-half cent per foot and 
caps 75 cents per box of 100. Trees 
are at this date budding out and look 
as though they will live. Varieties are 
Champion, Delicious, King David, Jona¬ 
than, York Imperial, Rome Beauty, 
Boiken, Stayman Winesap, Winter 
Banana, Magnet, Arkansas Black, 
Senator and Aiken, as late Fall and 
Winter, and Fanny, Wismer Dessert, 
Grimes Golden, Lowry, Wagener, 
Wealthy, Wilson’s Red June, Jefferis, 
and Stark Star for Summer and 
Autumn. Why so many varieties? 
Simply because we like the big, red 
apples of quality, that will not only 
make the redhead’s mouth water but 
appease the appetite of the grayhead 
and perhaps fill a car with Stayman or 
York, Aiken or Rome sometimes and 
give the boys on the farm a lesson in 
horticulture and a better appreciation of 
home and the farm. z. E. thorn. 
West Virginia. 
A Handy Transplanter. 
I saw in The R. N.-Y. an implement 
for transplanting young plants. I will 
give you a description of one used here 
that I think will give as good if not 
better satisfaction than that. Take a 
piece of gas or water pipe one foot 
L- .— ■ Ct ' —^ 
A HANDY TRANSPLANTER. Fio. 260. 
long, have six inches drawn down to 
a point with a small piece of steel, 
welded in at the point; have a screw 
hole drilled in the side two inches from 
large end to hold the handle. We use 
an old fork handle four or five feet 
long, 1 y 2 inch pipe preferred, w. H. c. 
Manchester, N. H. 
TAKING FARM BOARDERS. 
How to Do It. 
Ohio Subscriber asks on page 619, about 
Summer boarders. It is not hard work, 
and can be made to pay well. People who 
go to a farm to board do not expect much 
in the way of entertainment. Most of them 
go for quiet rest. Frequently ladies with 
children are the ones who wish farm 
board. Have children understand that they 
are not to go to the barn alone. They 
often want to feed the animals, and do 
much mischief. They accept it as a treat 
if they can go with the owner. Fresh 
fruit, milk, cream and a variety of vege¬ 
tables are more acceptable than heavier 
meals. Home-cured hams and bacon are a 
treat that city people always enjoy. 
Chicken once or twice a week is eeouujai- 
cal for a farm. Homemade bread, cakes, 
cookies and simple desserts are more accept¬ 
able than elaborate dishes, for city people 
patronize bakeries so much. Graham bread 
and corn-meal muffins are always greeted 
with approval. Good beds, quiet rooms, 
simply furnished, well screened so that 
plenty of air may be enjoyed, are most de¬ 
sired. 
Prices vary, but in this locality from $5 
to $7 a week is the regular charge. A 
sand pile for the children is easily pro¬ 
vided. Boarders especially enjoy picnics. 
A camp tire supper, near a stream or under 
pleasant trees, is easily managed. It is no 
more work to cream potatoes, broil bacon 
and make coffee or cocoa over a camp fire 
than in the kitchen, and is a change for 
hostess as well as boarders. If possible to 
take them riding it will add much to their 
pleasure. The Young Women’s Christian 
Association in one’s nearest city is glad to 
know of good boarding places. Now that 
bird and wild flowers study are so easy with 
the simple books published, many are seek¬ 
ing quiet country places to board. As a rule 
those who seek the country are easily 
suited. - n. y. s. 
New York. 
General Business Advice. 
Relative to the boarder business of your 
Ohio subscriber, page 619. allow me to 
offer a few suggestions which we have 
often tried. Her first move is to tidy up 
all the surroundings, look well to the 
water supply and sanitary arrangements. 
Ask herself the question, , “Would I like 
the view from my window were I a 
boarder?” and if not improve it. The fact 
that she has a largo farmhouse with fish¬ 
ing and bathing near and is a good cook, 
go a long way toward a successful start. 
Now if her location is not too far. from 
the supply—some large city—then all that 
is necessary is to get an acquaintance or 
in touch with future customers. To do 
this, procure a few good photographs of the 
house and points of interest near or on the 
farm. About June 1 visit your nearest 
large city and run an advertisement a few 
times in the best dailies, stating that the 
proprietor of a desirable farmhouse is in 
town and will call upon any parties desir¬ 
ing to secure rooms for their vacation, 
showing views, etc. Some business ability 
or the “knack of talk” usually secures sev¬ 
eral parties who are only too glad to learn 
where to go on their outing. 
Upon arrival of the guests do not strive 
to entertain them other than with plenty 
of fresh food, well cooked, since the best 
way to a man's pocketbook is through his 
stomach. In a year or so any well-managed 
farmhouse requires no advertising other 
than that afforded by well-pleased boarders. 
However, one must not think this is a get- 
rich-quick scheme, but it affords one of the 
best home markets for the products of a 
good garden and farm that we have ever 
found. Here in the Catskills the season is 
short, the average receipts being $25 apiece. 
Greene Co., N. Y. n. 
Peach Buds. 
The prospects for peaches in Orleans Co. 
are the best ever known, and if nothing 
happens we will have the largest crop ever 
harvested. Orleans has the largest acreage 
of peaches of any county in the State, 
ranging from one to 10 years old, and is 
the banner peach growing county of New 
York State. Medina alone will ship more 
peaches than the entire county last year. 
Medina, N. Y r . j. e. a. 
Moth Balls and Cutworms. —I have 
seen much in your paper and elsewhere of 
the ravages of the cutworm. A few years 
ago I set out 225 tomato plants in my gar¬ 
den ; the next morning some 12 or 15 were 
cut off. I put about a tablespoonful of 
wood ashes around each plant. A visiting 
friend told me moth balls would keep them 
away. I got a pound pulverized and en¬ 
circled each plant on top of the wood ashes. 
Since then have not lost a plant. The eight 
cents for it I consider one of my best in¬ 
vestments. n. s. P. 
Huntington, L. I. 
LOW-PRICED A |TTAQ 
high-gradeAU 1 UlJ 
Used cars rebuilt and guaranteed by manu¬ 
facturer same asnewcars. Bestfor rural roads. 
A high-grade high-powered car for very little 
money. Postal brings full information. 
Stoddard Motor Co., 229 W. 57th St., New York 
MAKE YOUR OLD CAR LIKE NEW 
AT EXTREMELY LOW COST. EVERYTHING AT 
ONE-FOURTH TO ONE-THIRD OF ORIGINAL COST 
NEW BODIES. Touring, Runabout, Racing, $75 to $200; 2 
worth from $100 to $60o. 
MAGNETOS $22.50—Regularly $75 to $125. 
« IXnSIllEI.DS (brass) $9.50—Were $10 
ELECTRIC HORN'S *7.50—Formerly $25. 
METAL TOOL BOXES $2.50—Were $10. 
ROAD VULCANIZERS $2.50— Regular $.3.50. 
NEW MOTORS, 15 horse-power, $75. Regular price $250. 
20 II.-P. $125. Regular $100. 
TIRES—lly assuming your own guarantco you ran save 50 
per cent to GO per cent—or if you like we will give full guaran¬ 
tee ami still save 35 per cent to 45 per cent of list prices on the 
well known FRONTIER TIKE, a better shoe than which is not 
on the market. Note the prices : 
28 x 3. . . . $9.00 
80x3 .10.00 
30x3'5.13.75 
32x3)5.15.00 
34 x 8)4 .$15.75 
30x4... 10.75 
32x4 . 17.75 
33x4 . 18.25 
34 x4.$18.75 
35x4 . 19.25 
34 x4V,. 24.00 
35x4)4. 25.00 
All other sizes proportionately low 
Send for our “Tiro Price Wrecker *' anti save money. No 
matter what you may require in parts, or the automobile 
complete, write us and save from 25 per cent to 75 per cent. 
TIIHES SQUARE AUTOMOBILE CO. 
Largest dealers in the world in 
automobiles and job accessories 
NEW YORK.1710-1718 Rroadway 
CHICAGO.1210-1212 Michigan Ave. 
KANSAS CITY. 1820 Grand Avenue 
SAVE HALF Your 
Paint Bills 
By using INGER 5 OLL PAINT— proved 
best by 66 years’ use. It will please you. 
Only Paint endorsed by the “Grange.” 
Made in all colors,—for all purposes. 
DELIVERED FREE. 
From the Mill Direct to You at Factory Prices. 
INQERSQLL PAINT BOOK —FREE 
Tolls all about Paint and Painting f'r Durability. 
How to avoid trouble and expense caused bv paint* 
fading, chalking and peeling. Valuable information 
fre« to you. with Sample Color Cards, Write me. DO 
IT NOW. I can gave you money. 
0. W. Ingersoll, 246 Plymouth St, Brooklyn, &Y. 
WE BUY OLD BAGS 
Sound... 3—4—5 Cents 
Torn.2—3—4 Cents 
We Pay the Freight 
IROQUOIS BAG CO. 
725 BROADWAY, BUFFALO, N. Y. 
When you write advertisers mention The 
It. N.-Y. and you’ll get a quick reply and a 
“square deal.” See guarantee editorial page. 
STEWART 
Speedometer 
The perfect speed and distance 
measure . A beauty in appear¬ 
ance; a marvel in accuracy. 
Speedometers costing more than the 
Stewart are priced high, not because 
they are better, but only because they 
are fewer. The extra price doesn’t repre¬ 
sent value; it only means a smaller output. 
Stewart Speedometers are on four cars 
out of five. 
Other makers can’t supply a comparable 
instrument at double the price. 
They save you from arrest and accidents, 
keep track of your season mileage, save 
you money on tire adjustments, help you 
follow guide-book mileage when touring, 
and in other ways help you enjoy your 
car and operate it economically. 
Guaranteed for 
Five Years 
Magnetic principle — 
slow moving parts, 
hardened and polished, 
no wear; ball and jewel 
bearings. Simple odo¬ 
meter; unbreakable 
flexible shaft; drop 
forged swivel joint; 
noiseless road wheel 
gears. 
WRITE 
FOR CATALOG 
Speedometers, $15 to $30 
Rim Wind Clock Combina¬ 
tions, $45 to $70 
STEWART & CLARK MFG.CO. 
1909 Diversey Bivd., Chicago 
Detroit, Chicago, San Francisco, New York, Boston 
Cleveland, Philadelphia, Kansas City, Los Angeles 
Minneapolis, Indianapolis, London, Paris 
•when and 
r where you want it. Low ( 
cost. The FOSTER High 1 
Duty Ram is guaranteed, rffc 
Money back if not satisfied. ^ 
Costs little. Free Book of facts. 
POWER SPECIALTY CO., 
Ill Trinity Building, 
WATER 
A if** PORTLAND 
ATLAS CEMENT 
“THE STANDARD BY WHICH ALL OTHER MAKES ARE MEASURED” 
Stick to Atlas. You don’t want the concrete job 
you do this Spring different from the job you may 
do next Fall. Atlas Portland cement never varies. 
The same quality, the same fineness, the same 
binding power—last year—this year—next year. 
As to quality— remember that the two biggest 
jobs in this country are being done with Atlas— 
the Panama Canal and the Mississippi dam—and 
the quality requirements on both are severe. 
Send for 
“ Concrete Construction About the Home and on the Farm ” 
Our free book for farmers 
It is a mine of practical information. It is not a catalog. 
It is a text-book. Send for the book today. It is free. 
If your dealer cannot supply you with Atlas, write to 
THE ATLAS PORTLAND CEMENT COMPANY, DEPT. 22, 30 BROAD ST., NEW YORK 
Largest productive capacity of any cement company in the world. Over 50,000 barrels per day 
