712 
THE RURAL. NEW-YORKER 
June 15, 
M IL3S. 
N. Y. Exchange price $1.51 Der 40-quart 
can, netting three cents to shippers in 26- 
cent zone. 
A CASE OF DAIRY INSPECTION. 
I wish to submit some facts for publi¬ 
cation relative to the inspection of dairy 
premises by the New York Board of Health 
in this place. In September. 1911. they 
inspected the premises of Aubrey L. Wester- 
velt and ordered his milk thrown out on 
account of unsanitary conditions; he im¬ 
mediately sold all his cows and has not 
owned any since. On January 8 , 1912, an 
inspector visited my barn and made the 
score 59. Orders were immediately sent 
from the Board of Health to stop my milk 
from shipment to New York. I asked for 
a re-inspection, and January 16 the same 
inspector again visited the premises and 
made the score 73. The difference between 
the two results may be laid mainly to the 
fact that I at the latter inspection insisted 
on having conditions reported accurately. 
Under date of January 20. 1912. the Board 
of Health wrote me that my milk would 
again be accepted, but they did not give 
the operator of the creamery permission to 
receive it. February 2, 1912, in answer 
to inquiries from me why permission was 
not given to receive my milk at the cream¬ 
ery, the Board of Health referred me to 
the letter under date of January 20, and 
stated that they had on this date notified 
another party who ships milk from the 
milk station located here. This same party 
tried to contract for my milk immediately 
after the 20th of January. On January 25, 
the Board wrote the operator of the cream¬ 
ery in response to inquiries that no milk 
must be accepted from the tVestervelt 
dairy. I then placed the matter before the 
directors of the Spencer Dairy Products 
Co., which company owns the creamery here, 
and the directors wrote the Board of Health 
asking the reason why my milk might be 
received at one shipping station and not at 
another. The answer to this letter evaded 
the question. The directors again wrote 
insisting upon permission being given to re¬ 
ceive my milk at the creamery, and this 
was finally granted the first of March. In 
my letter to the Board of Health, after the 
re-inspection, I asked them If they had not 
mistaken my farm for that of A. L. Wester- 
velt, whose milk was refused in September, 
1911. They ignored this question entirely, 
but soon after this a man claiming to rep¬ 
resent the Board of'IIealth came to Spencer 
asking if my farm and A. L. Westervelt's 
were separate and distinct from each other. 
1 have the proof of all the statement made 
herein and will be pleased to send it to 
The R. N.-Y. if required. I would be 
pleased to hare the matter investigated 
and the Board of Health induced to ex¬ 
plain the delay in giving permission to ship 
from the creamery. I should also like them 
to explain why my dairy with a score of 
59 was rejected, while many dairies with 
a score of from 30 to 40 were allowed to 
keep shipping milk. Leslie westervelt. 
Chemung Co., N. Y. 
R. N.-Y.—This case has been referred te 
Ernst J. Lederle. His secretary writes 
that it “will receive attention and further 
reply.’’ 
A HINT TO DAIRYMEN. 
Having learned by experience that no 
farm is complete without a herd of cows 
to supply the necessary fertilizer. I de¬ 
cided to invest a small amount of money 
in purchasing some from a neighboring 
farmer, -who by force of circumstances, was 
selling out. They were poor animals, but 
thinking them a bargain at the price, I 
bought 12 . most of which were due to 
freshen within the month. At the time I 
was occupied with the more Important in¬ 
terests of the farm, so was unable to attend 
to the disposal of the milk. My head 
farmer’s wife, who was an adept at butter- 
making, agreed to take charge of the 
churning and selling of the butter, keeping 
one-half of the profits for herself. She 
soon found customers in the village, and 
with little difficulty was able to get 35 
cents a pound for it. For a few weeks I 
continued this practice. One day, how¬ 
ever, on looking over my accounts, I found, 
much to my surprise, that the expenses 
were greatly in excess of the receipts and 
that consequently I was losing money. 
Realizing that some radical change was 
necessary and that under the present condi¬ 
tions the animals were not worth their 
keep, I decided to look into the question 
of the milk business. At first I thought 
of having it peddled in the village at six 
cents a quart, then of selling it in bulk to 
the milk station at four cents, and finally 
of going to the nearest town and trying to. 
procure a retail trade from some hotel or 
educational institution. 
The next day I left the farm and went 
to the city to search for a suitable market. 
The first place that I visited was a girls’ 
school. Here there were about 100 pupils, 
whom I thought would gladly welcome the 
change from the dreaded city milk to the 
rich, fresh product that I hoped to be able 
to give them. The housekeeper was very 
courteous and although a little doubtful as 
to the advisability of leaving her former 
dealer, finally agreed to sample the milk 
which I promised to send with the under¬ 
standing that if it proved satisfactory she 
would draw up a contract with me for the 
Winter. I promptly sent her a 40-quart 
can, and two days later was rewarded with 
a letter accepting my offer and stating that, 
beginning with the first of the month, she 
would take daily 65 quarts of milk and 
five quarts of cream with the privilege of 
an extra order when desired. 
Before commencing my trade with the 
school I thought it best to have my herd 
tested for tuberculosis. I applied to the 
State immediately and a short time after¬ 
ward was sent one of their assistant veter¬ 
inarians. His remarks on entering the 
stable, were not encouraging. He condemned 
two of the animals at sight and then pro¬ 
ceeded to take the preliminary temperatures 
and to inject the tuberculin. The following 
morning my worst fears were realized ; 11 
out of the 12 were afflicted with the dread 
disease. My contract was due in 10 days, 
so with all the expedition possible. I set 
out to search for the necessary cows to re¬ 
place those taken by the State. For three 
days I drove here and there about the coun¬ 
try, covering a distance of many miles, but 
was unable to find any that suited me. 
The next morning fortune was with me. 
At a farm where a widow was selling all 
of her personal property I managed to ob¬ 
tain two excellent cows at a reasonable 
price, and by the proprietor’s directions to 
purchase six more. I now had eight and 
as more than half of them were fresh milk¬ 
ers I though there would be little difficulty 
in meeting the daily demand. 
All went well for a few days. One 
morning, however, I received a letter from 
the housekeeper saying that she would like 
four quarts of double cream. This was 
somewhat of a blow, for I had practically 
no surplus, but, fortunately, an interested 
neighbor came to my assistance, so that 1 
was able to supply the extra order. I have 
recently bought two more cows, and am 
now producing enough to meet all demands. 
Where no double cream is needed the sur¬ 
plus is made into butter which I sell in 
the village. I give a few facts and figures 
in regard to the expenses, profits, and 
production in April, when this was written. 
Morning and night each cow receives six 
pounds of equal parts of cornmeal, wheat 
bran, and gluten meal in addition to all the 
cornstalks she will eat up clean, and at 
noon, 15 to 20 pounds of clover hay. On 
pleasant days the animals are turned out 
in the barnyard, where they obtain all the 
water they may desire from a concrete 
drinking trough. When weather conditions 
prevent this they are watered individually 
in the stanchions. The daily account of 
the herd is as follows: 
40 lbs. of wheat bran at $1.40 per 100. .56 
40 lbs. of cornmeal at $1.65 per 100. . . .66 
40 lbs. of gluten feed at $1.50 per 100. .60 
100 lbs. of clover hay at 70 cents per 100. .70 
Miscellaneous expenses: 
5 hours’ labor at 15 cents.75 
Freight on three cans at 13 cents.39 
The double cream can hangs from a hook 
in one of the large cans and therefore is of 
no expense. 
Cartage in Albany.35 
Interest on investment of $440 .06 
$4.07 
The value of the corn stalks will be bal¬ 
anced by the manure. 
The calves will overcome the loss by de¬ 
preciation. 
Receipts: 
65 qts. of milk at 6.5 cents.$4.22 *4 
5 qts. of thin cream at 32 cents. ... 1.60 
Average of one quart of whipping 
cream a day. .45 
Average of one-half a pound of butter .17 
Three qts. of milk used in the house. .19 ^ 
$6.64 
Receipts ...$6.64 
Expenses . 4.07 
Net receipts . $2.57 
In addition to this daily profit of $2.57 
there must be added the value of the skim- 
milk, most of which is fed to the pigs.. 
In undertaking this retail milk trade I 
found some difficulties to overcome; but 
what line of business is there in which 
there is nothing to impede our progress or 
to prevent the realization of our hopes? It 
was not long before these barriers were put 
out of the way and I was launched on a 
successful enterprise that was paying me 
well for my efforts and rewarding me a 
hundredfold for the extra amount of work 
necessitated. How many farmers there are 
who are content to sell their milk at the 
usual price of 3% to four cents a quart, 
when by a little thought and perserveranee, 
they can add so considerably to their prof¬ 
its ! My experience has taught me that, in 
order to succeed, the farmer must use his 
brains to devise schemes whereby he may 
strengthen his financial position. 
Columbia Co., N. Y. r. m. n. 
Horses from $175 to $225. Milch cows 
from $25 to $60; sheep from $3 to $4; 
yearling cattle from $15 to $20. Hogs 
or shotes from $5 to $8, weight from 75 
to 90 pounds. Hay sells from $20 to $25 
per ton, varies little in the country. Corn 
75 cents to 80 cents a bushel; oats 60 
cents a bushel. w. m. p. 
Harlem Springs, O. 
Not more than half of the farmers 1 think 
have enough rough feed, and of course we 
have to buy. Hay costs $32 a ton; corn 
about $1 a bushel"; oats 60 to 75 cents per 
bushel. I paid $5 a barrel for seed pota¬ 
toes. Cows can be bought at from $30 to 
$50. There are no silos near here, and of 
course no silage for sale. This is a tobacco 
section. Milk sells in a small way at 10 
cents per quart. Dressed pork eight to nine 
cents per pound. A good farm team is 
worth about $400 for mules, horses a little 
less for the team. My tobacco averaged a 
little over 10 cents per pound. h. b. 
Kenbridge, Va. 
There have been no auction sales in this 
vicinity in quite a while. Horses sell for 
$50 for plugs; good horses bring $200 to 
$300 each ; cows, $35 to $75. Milk shipped 
to Boston, 75 cents per 20-quart can f. o. b. 
cars here. Hay, $10 to $18 per ton loose. 
Potatoes, $1.50 per bushel; butter, dairy, 
35 cents a pound; creamery, 40 cents. 
There is no manure sold, being all used on 
farms, besides lots of commercial fertilize! 
bought on all of the farms in this section. 
No silage sold. Poultry, 12 cents per 
pound alive; eggs, 18 cents a dozen. Pork, 
$7.50 per 100 dressed. Beans, $3 per bushel. 
East Dorset, Vt. J. L. B. 
I am sorry to say that the number of 
cattle owned and kept here has decreased 7 
per cent the last 25 or 30 years. The de¬ 
mand for heavy Western beef has destroyed 
the market for our light cattle, and but 
very few are fed for beef. Fifty years ago 
30 or 40 yoke of oxen were owned in this 
town, and to-day I do not know of any in 
the county. Our cows are Guernseys, Jer¬ 
seys and Ilolsteins. $75 to $100. Milk, 10 
cents per quart retail; none sold at whole¬ 
sale. Hay, $22 to $27 per ton ; not enough 
raised to supply local demand; rye straw, 
$16 per ton. Potatoes, not enough raised 
to supply demand ; price depends on Boston 
market. Butter supplied by Vermont 
dairies, 44 cents per pound: eggs, 22 cents; 
Incubator chicks. $15 per 100. a. c. 
Barnstable, Mass. 
Best Time To Buy One 
There never was a better, if indeed as good, a time to buy a 
DE LAVAL Cream Separator than right now. 
The hot weather is at hand when the use of the cream 
separator frequently means most as to quantity and quality of 
product, while cream and butter prices are 
so very high that waste of quantity or 
poorness of quality means even more now 
than ever before. 
This is likewise the season when 
DE LAVAL superiority is greatest over 
other separators,—in capacity, ease of 
running, sanitary cleanliness and every 
other way. 
Cost need not be a consideration because 
a DE LAVAL cream separator-is not only 
the best of all farm investments but may 
be bought either for cash or on such liberal 
terms as to actually pay for itself. 
There never was a better time than right now to buy a 
cream separator and there can be no possible excuse for any 
man having use for a separator delaying the purchase of one at 
this time. — 
Look up the nearest DE LAVAL agent at once, or if you 
don’t know him write us directly. 
The De Laval. Separator Co. 
NEW YORK CHICAGO SAN FRANCISCO SEATTLE 
The Best Silo for the Progressive Farmer, Stock-Feeder or Dairyman 
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Thirty Factories Tliroughout the Vnited States 
NATIONAL FIRE PROOFING COMPANY 
Agricultural Department L 
University Block, Syracuse, N. Y. 
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ARE QUALITY SILOS 
THROUGH AND THROUGH 
Air-tight doors—-highest grade lum¬ 
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tptp«ptpiptJ>q)tJ)ipiptpiptpCpipipq) 
SAVE MONEY ON f 
THE SILO J 
you buy this year by purchasing an Jn 
INDIANA SILO % 
There are reasons why our business is ap 
double what it was last year. i <£ 
LET US SAVE YOU MONEY TOO! § 
J9S-WRITE FOR PARTICULARS 6> 
INDIANA SILO COMPANY, v $ 
The largest makers of Silos in the world, {p 
... Address nearest faotory -p 
315 Union Building, . . Anderson, Ind. Jt) 
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SILOS 
The inventors of the Modern 
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fc3i_ 
catalog on Silos and Silo Fillers, 
“the kind Uncle Sam uses,” and 
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HARDER MFC. COMPANY 
BOX It COBLESKILL, n. y. • 
8x20.. $62.41 
10x24.. 87.33 
12x26.. 110.35 
14x28.. 133.48 
16x30.. 159.39 
Other sizes in proportion. Ash lor Catalog No. 14 
GRIFFIN LUMBER CO. 
Box No. 17 Hudson Falls, N. Y. 
SILOFILLING 
MACHINERY 
With BLOWER and Traveling FEED 
TABLE-fuLLY GUARANTEE!* 
Mado in shies to suit all wants from 
5 to IS H. P. Engines 
62 Years 
We have been making Ensilage Cutting 
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Every improvement that is practical is ad¬ 
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Oldest and Largest Manufacturers of 
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DO YOU NEED FARM HELP? 
The Jewish Agricultural and Industrial Aid So¬ 
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work. If you can make use of such help, please 
communicate with us. stating what wages you will 
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vou prefer a single or a married man. with or with¬ 
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tion whose object is to assist and encourage Jewish 
immigrants to become farmers. We charge no 
commission to employer or employee. Address 
FARM LABOR BUREAU, 178 Second Avenue, New York City. 
