73^ 
THE RURAL, NEW-YORKER 
June 22, 
M I L KL 
X. Y. Exchange price $1.51 Der 40-quart 
can, netting three cents to shippers in 26- 
ton t zone. 
BOSTON MILK. 
Among the items of expense brought up 
by tlie Hood Miik Co. in regard to deliver¬ 
ing milk was $2.50 per day for a driver oj. 
a retail wagon which delivered 250 quarts 
per day, a cost of one cent per quart. Xow 
t oppose a farmer figures this $2.50 for a 
man to take all care of say 10 cows who 
produce 100 quarts of milk per day, or 2^ 
cents per quart. To milk, feed, water, 
groom, clean, stable and various other duties 
connected with the care of these cows would 
undoubtedly take more time in a day than 
for the milk-wagon driver to cover his 
route, and the other few duties which go 
to make up a day's work for him. Take 
this 2 y 2 cents out of the four cents per 
quart received by the farmer and we have 
1 Mi cent left for cost of feed, maintenance 
of stable and many other costs which are 
always with us when we keep cows for 
market milk. If the farmer charges him¬ 
self with all actual expense to produce a 
quart of milk the same as the contractors 
do, four cents would not go far in paying 
the cost. How many farmers could pay 
$250 for a horse, $250 and $350 for a 
wagon, and $50 for harness from milk 
profits? The contractors do this, and autos 
also at much higher figures. And some of 
them tell us we are making more money 
than they out of milk ! They never fail to 
tell their customers so when a chance 
occurs. 
The Hood Co. claim an expense of $40,- 
000 per year each for tinware and glass¬ 
ware ; they claim an investment of $400,- 
000 in the city and $165,000 for milk 
plants. If these figures are true, would 
they invest this amount of money if it did 
not pay? The consumer or producer must 
pay this, or both together must, whichever 
it can be squeezed out of best. The truth 
is the consumers and producers both are 
being worked, one against the other, for 
the benefit of the contractors, health offi¬ 
cials and other interested parties who 
want an easy job and easy money also. 
The producers are making less and less 
milk and money also; the consumers are 
paying more and more, and the middleman 
is getting more and more, and will continue 
to do so until the consumers wake up and 
see they are being scared by that which 
does not exist. When they do wake up and 
see conditions as they really arc and not 
as some people try to make them think 
fhey are, perhaps there will be hope of bet¬ 
ter times in the producing milk business. 
We can live a while perhaps on hopes, but 
not for ever. The' B. C. >1. P. Co., or farm¬ 
ers’ company, is conducting a campaign of 
enlightenment to the consumer on the sub¬ 
ject, and is receiving some help from 
others, but with the various misstate¬ 
ments and untruths given by the Boston 
daily papers it is uphill work and requires 
lots of courage and perseverence. 
A. E. P 
THF ADULTERATED BUTTER LAW. 
On Friday, May 31, the sub-committee of 
the committee on agriculture reported the 
following amendments to the adulterated 
butter law which were subsequently con¬ 
curred in by the full committee: 
“Every person who knowingly sells or 
offers for sale adulterated butter knowing 
the same to be adulterated butter shall be 
regarded as a dealer in adulterated but¬ 
ter.” 
“Manufacturers of process or renovated 
butter or adulterated butter shall pay a 
tax of $50 per year.” 
"Every person engaged in the production 
of butter as a business who produces adul¬ 
terated butter, knowing the same to be 
adulterated butter, shall be considered a 
manufacturer thereof. Provided however 
the knowledge of abnormal quantities of 
water, milk or cream, resulting in excess 
moisture content, that is 16 per cent or 
more, in butter in the possession of manu¬ 
facturers or dealers, shall be determined 
by the Commissioner of Internal Revenue 
with the approval of the Secretary of the 
Treasury.” 
These amendments were concurred in by 
the various interests which had been con¬ 
sulted. The purport of the amendments is, 
first, to recognize in the law that 16 per 
■ ent or more moisture in butter is an ab¬ 
normal quantity; second, to exempt the 
manufacturer of and dealer in such butter 
from the penalties of the law if they do 
not manufacture or sell it knowingly ; third, 
to allow the Commissioner of Internal Rev¬ 
enue to prove knowledge if he has evidence 
on that point. For instance, if the facts 
should show that a certain creamery had 
for a considerable time been producing but¬ 
ter with 16 per cent or more of moisture, 
that it had been notified by the Commis¬ 
sioner of Internal Revenue of such fact and 
that in spite of such notification or warning 
it continued to manufacture butter with ex¬ 
cessive moisture, the creamery could not 
plead ignorance and could not plead some 
temporary accident, but there would be a 
prima facie case of guilty knowledge. It 
seemed to all concerned as if this provision 
would relieve the small creameries from 
the hardships which is admitted by every 
one to exist at the present time, but would 
not leave the door so wide open as to allow 
the continued and persistent manufacturing 
of butter with an excess of 16 per cent of 
moisture. geo. m. whitaker. 
Colored Oleo. —I have been watching 
with interest and some amusement the con¬ 
troversy over “margarine,” and have often 
wondered what magic properties a little 
<oloripg matter can have when added to it 
to make that product so much more valu¬ 
able, than the uncolored product, to the 
consumer of moderate means. Perhaps 
there are some people to whom white would 
not taste as sweet as yellow, but think it 
would be just as nutritious. I don't think 
there is any objection anywhere, to oleo as 
such, and the tax on the uncolored article 
is not enough to affect its sale. The trouble 
is simply that colored it can and will be 
sold as butter; uncolored it must be sold 
as margarine. L. e. grout. 
Vermont. 
The Cost of Milk. 
It seems to me that an up-to-date agri¬ 
cultural paper cannot afford to omit liberal 
references to the commercial side of farm¬ 
ing, cost of production, methods of book¬ 
keeping, etc. In order to do business suc¬ 
cessfully and understandingly, it is neces¬ 
sary to go to the root of things and ascer¬ 
tain the cost. Bookkeeping is to business 
what the rudder is to a ship but even more 
so. .because there are many kinds of book¬ 
keeping that are misleading. The com¬ 
munication of F. Li. II. on page 652 states 
the cost of producing milk in a very clear 
way, allowing for depreciation and deliv¬ 
ery, things which are sometimes overlooked, 
F. L. II. omits any allowance for .incident¬ 
als. His total expense of $2,201 for 20 
cows is $110 per cow per year. Many fig¬ 
ures are given both above and below this 
amount, but I think that $110 is below 
rather than above the average ideas of 
those who keep accounts in a systematic 
way. But here comes a complicating and 
difficult side of the question. If we can 
agree on what a cow can be kept for each 
year at $110 for instance, what does it 
cost to produce a quart of milk? If the 
cow gives 5,000 pounds or in round figures 
2,500 quarts, the cost is 4.4 cents. On the 
other hand, if a cow kept at that cost pro¬ 
duces 6.000 pounds, or in round figures 
3,000 quarts of milk, the cost is 3.6 cents 
per quart. A cow producing 7,000 pounds of 
milk or 3,500 quarts would produce a prod¬ 
uct costing only 3.1 cents per quart, while 
the unusual record of 8,000 pounds would 
bring the cost down to 2.7 cents a quart. 
Keeping an account of all the items that 
enter into the cost of keeping a cow as 
F. L. II. has done is very valuable, and the 
more of such accounts that can be got into 
print the better, helping to establish a gen¬ 
eral concensus of opinion among economical 
feeders, those who grow a large amount of 
their food and thse who study the prob¬ 
lems of feeding. All this is progressive 
work of great importance, but it is also 
important to get at some data as to the 
cost of production in the case of animals of 
different productive capacities. 
GEO. M. WHITAKER. 
Ohio’s Farmers’ Holstein Cattle. 
About three years ago 50 men interested 
in cattle breeding formed the Western Re¬ 
serve Holstein Breeders’ Association. They 
now number over 150 cnthusisastic mem¬ 
bers, and meet every other month. Eminent 
speakers are present at each meeting, and 
Ohio is, through her famous Hoisteins, 
becoming one of the best-known States in 
the United States. When a wealthy South 
African, sent to Washington, D. C., for a 
government expert to select 10 head of Hol¬ 
stein cattle to be shipped to Africa, after 
looking over herds in California, Wisconsin, 
Iowa, Xew York and Ohio, all were pur¬ 
chased from the Western Reserve in Ohio 
but three, and those were bred here but 
sold to a breeder in Geneva. Following the 
great Decoration Day sale of Hoisteins 
given annually by T. H. Russell of Geneva, 
where there were sold this year 103 calves 
and cows for $27,810, the Association met 
with Dan Dimoc & Brother May 31. They 
arc well known in cattle breeding circles 
for their wonderful success; in less than 
five years they have developed more great 
cows than any other breeder ever known. 
These brothers have three out of the six 
greatest cows holding world's records. 
Banostine Belle De Kol, the champion of the 
world, was bred and developed by them, 
with High Lawn llartog De Kol and Daisy 
Grace De Kol. whose combined yearly rec¬ 
ords are greater than any other three cows 
in the world to-day. The day was perfect, 
and about 1,000 people were in attendance. 
Special trains were run and 16 automobiles 
carried the people to and from the cars. 
A large circus tent was erected, and the 
Western Reserve Holstein Breeders Associa¬ 
tion served a free dinner to all Many 
prominent breeders were present from Cal¬ 
ifornia, Xew York, New Jersey, Wisconsin 
and Iowa. 
Addresses were made by Peter Small, 
president; G. A. Dimoc, Kalamazoo, Mich.; 
Malcomb Gardiner, corresponding secretary 
of the Holstein Breeders’ Association of 
America ; Prof. Oscar Erf of the Ohio State 
University; C. A. Nelson, Waverly, Iowa; 
Mr. Brown, editor of the Holstein World, 
X. \\ ; E. M. Hastings of Lacona, N. Y., 
and T. H. Russell of Geneva, who said : 
“The city man talks of high cost of living, 
but he always has money for a glass of 
beer, and thinks nothing of treating his 
friends, but he kicks when he pays the 
farmer six cents for a quart of milk for 
his family.” mks. j. c. lampman. 
Ohio. 
Cows, $35 to $60 ; horses, good, $150 to 
$225; hogs, $7 per 100; hay, $20 to $25. 
No silos in this locality. No manure sold, 
only in town, 50 cents per load. Fruit 
prospects fair; little spraying done. Hay 
prospects poor; wheat 60 per cent of full 
crop; oats looking well. No milk sold; 
cream, 27 to 28 cents for butter fat. Eggs, 
16 cents; butter, 16; mill feeds, $1.60 per 
100; corn retails at 90 cents per bushel. 
Planting not all done (June 3). o. R. 
Danville, O. 
Dairy cows sell from $59 to $60; horses, 
from $150 to $200; milk, $1.60 per 100 at 
shipping points, mostly shipped to Pitts¬ 
burg. Dairy butter, 22 cents a pound; 
creamery, 24 cents; eggs. 16 cents per 
dozen. Hay, $25 per ton at barn ; corn. 75 
cents per bushel, cars; wheat, $1.20; oats, 
60 cents; potatoes, $1.25; veal calves, 
seven cents a pound ; hogs, seven cents per 
pound live weight; pigs, $3 apiece . No 
silage or manure sold. w. k. 
Ashtabula, Co., O. 
Wheat is worth now $1.10 at warehouse; 
hay, $20 per ton in mow; oats. 56 cents; 
corn, $1 at warehouse, none for sale in 
farmers’ hands. Butter. 20 cents; eggs, 
15 cents; horses, from $125 to $275. ac¬ 
cording to size, age and build. Good milch 
cows about $50. No manure or silage sold 
here. Corn about all in the ground ; some 
are cultivating, and a few are just done 
planting. Oats and some pieces of old 
Timothy meadows look fine: new clover 
meadows are not all good, although some 
pieces are fine. Wheat is no good here this 
year; not one acre in 50 worth cutting. 
No Alsike that I know of. Prospects for 
fruit are poor, apples scarce. Some early 
Wilder and Ivieffer pears and a few peaches'; 
peach trees nearly all used up by severe 
cold. Land in small farms is selling for 
about $100 per acre, large farms from $50 
to $75: not much changing hands. Pota¬ 
toes are worth $1.50 here; hogs. $6.50. 
Marenzo, O. c. h. h. 
Oats 62 cents; corn 85 cents. Potatoes 
$3. The price of butter is down some; 
milk at creamery $1.30 to $1.50 per 100 
pounds. Milk at cheese factory for May 
$1.40 per 100 pounds. Good horses $150 
to $225 : some heavy teams $500 ; yearling 
colts $65 to $80. Cows, good grade, $50 
to $75; Holstein is in the lead here in 
price. Hogs about $8 at sales per 100 
pounds. Pigs two months old $4 each. 
Yearling calves $15 to $20. Alfalfa $26 
per ton. Timothy is about the only kind 
of hay, not much clover, $20 to $22. Wheat 
and rye straw in stack about $6 per ton. 
Oat straw as high as $12 and $14. Not 
much manure sold, some at $1 per load. 
Bloomingdale, Mich. j. a. b. 
We have no auction sales in our neigh¬ 
borhood, but average prices now are as 
follows : Eggs, per dozen, 3 5 cents ; but¬ 
ter. per pound, 20 cents; chickens, old, 12 
cents ; pigs five to six weeks old, per pair, 
$5 to $6 and scarce at that; yearling 
calves, per head, $20; cows, $40 to $75; 
horses, per head, $75 to $300; sheep, 
young, $3.50 to $4 ; wool, per pound, 25 
cents; hay, baled. $1.25 per 100 pounds; 
straw, per ton, $10 ; manure. $1 per wagon¬ 
load ; corn, per bushel, $1.10. and scarce; 
wheat, per bushel, $1.25; oats. 50 cents; 
potatoes, $2 ; onions, per gallon. 35 cents; 
apples, per bushel, 60 cents. No milk or 
silage sold here. n. m. ai. 
Josephs Mills, W. Va. 
The prices brought at auction sales in our 
part of Ohio are all time, nine to 12 
months, without interest, making everything 
bring more than it is worth. No milk is 
sold; it is about all separated with hand 
separator and the cream sold, bringing now 
from 28 to 29 cents per pound for butter 
fat. The skim-milk is fed to pigs. There 
is no manure sold here, no farmer has 
enough. Hay will bring cash about $20, 
hay sold at auction as high as $35. Very 
few good cattle for sale. Butcher's cattle 
weighing 3.000 pounds, will bring six cents, 
fat hogs 7% cents; pigs poor sale; corn 
too high, from 70 to 85 cents. Horses are 
high, bringing from $50 to $500; pair of 
3.500 pound drafters are worth $250. There 
is no silage made in my neighborhood and 
very little in Champaign Co. ; none for 
sale. G. w. w. 
St. Paris, Ohio. 
At the present time cows bring from 
$30 to $75, more as to quality and size; 
horses $50 to $250. “plugs” $50 to $100. 
and better ones $150 to $250, fairly good 
farm horses. Milk is bringing three cents 
per quart at the creameries; butter 30 
cents per pound. Veal on foot from seven 
to eight cents as to quality. Eggs at the 
local stores 3 9 to 20 cents, mixed, strictly 
white 22. Fowls sell for about 12 cents 
per pound on foot. Grain is very scarce 
in this locality, very high and not much 
for sale, only some seed, and that brings 
all kinds of prices. Potatoes are very 
scarce, and old ones bring from $1 to $1.50. 
Hay is very scarce, good hay from $18 to 
$22 per ton in the mow. As to silage there 
is scarcely any put up, and as to my 
knowledge there is none for sale; only a 
few farmers in Sandyston township have 
silos. Some are thinking about putting 
them up for Fall use. e. a. g. 
Harrisville, N. J. 
When you write advertisers mention Tub 
R. N.-Y. and you'll get a quick reply and a 
“square deal.” See guarantee editorial page. 
HARDER 
The “Quality” 
SILOS 
Why buy a tub when you can get a Silo ? Why 
accept a substitute which only holds your corn 
when you can get a Harder Silo which preservos it 
and converts it into rich, succulent silage of great¬ 
est milk-producing value? Why not investigate the 
feeding value of Harder Silage ? Literature free. 
HARDER MANUFACTURING CO., 
Box 1 1 , Cobleskill, N. Y. 
[This “Famous Silo of New Eng- 
" land” will last a lifetime. All 
j woodwork below roof is dipped in pure 
L creosote oil preservative. Many 
\ other points of superiority explained 
, in catalog of 
agilvhgiifeff 
Ask for copy, together with book- 
of. 
t let in which Prof. Esten of Storra 
u Experiment Station answers quea- 
m tions, “What is Silage?” “Why does 
f it keep and not spoil in a good Silo?” 
I CREAMERY PACKAGE MFG. C0.338 West St. 
I RUTLAND, VE8MQN1 
Fill Your Silo Satisfied 
We want to prove that our machines are a 
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liefore buying a machine. Catalog explains all. It is free. 
The E. W. Ross Co., Box 113 Springfield, O. 
Over 
60 
Years 
Experience 
Back of it. 
DAQC Machines are 
IW/Ou fully guaranteed 
You take no risk 
Unadilla Silos 
are the best 
/ 
Give superior silage. Possess best con¬ 
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free catalogue. Agents wanted. 
Unadilla Silo Co., Box C- Unadilla, N. Y. 
TO K s 3 The BLIZZARD RELIABLE ENSILAGE CUTTER 
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/rite for “Why Silage Pays” and ‘ The Evi¬ 
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JOS. DICK MFG. COMPANY 
1426 West Tuscarawas St. 
Canton, Ohio 
To Every Progressive Farmer and Stock-Feeder-get to know 
THE IMPERISHABLE SILO 
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Agricultural Department L 
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(11 Mills—11.000,000 Barrels Capacity) 
