840 
^HE RURAb NEW-YORKER 
M X L K. 
N. Y. Exchange price $1.71 per 40-quart 
can, netting 3% cents in 26-cent zone. 
Eggs 28 cents per dozen, less one cent 
per dozen express to either Hartford or 
1’rovidence. Milk 35 cents f. o. b. Hampton 
station for Boston market. 85 miles. Hay 
$30 to $32 per ton; strawberries 16 cents. 
Chaplin, Conn. w. G. h. 
The outlook for dairying is just fair; the 
industry is not booming here. The pa¬ 
trons of this factory are nearly all satis¬ 
fied with the price. The output is light 
for 100 pounds of milk, as the milk is 
very low in test. There could be more sat¬ 
isfactory returns made by making some 
product of the skim-milk. c. b. 
Flat Creek, N. Y. 
I just attended an auction. About five 
cows were sold, and 1 think they were a 
little better than the average in this coun¬ 
try, just one fresh one. They brought from 
about $38 to $50. I did not see the hogs 
sold, but I know a man who got a pair of 
nice three-month sliotes for $6. I just sold 
two horses; one would weigh about 1400, 
was 10 years old, brought $250; the other 
one was about 20 years old and sold for 
$100. No silage sold here. We can get 
manure from stables in Pittsburg and some 
of the suburban towns for the hauling; 
none hauled this far out, 18 miles from 
Pittsburg and about 10 to 14 miles from 
the smaller towns. Loose hay brings about 
$2 less than Pittsburg market quotation; 
baled would bring about quoted price. Last 
Spring loose hay sold for about $27 a ton, 
clover for about $25. We do not sell any 
milk, but I know some that is sold for 15 
and 17 cents per gallon, but do not know 
whether that includes the express or not. 
Butter, 25 to 30 cents; eggs, 20 to 25. Not 
many vegetables ready for market yet. 
Bakerstown, Ta. f. e. m. 
Eggs, wholesale, 26 cents. Hay in barn 
$25 a ton. Peas, bushel, delivered at mar¬ 
ket $2.40. Asparagus brought us 13 cents 
delivered at market for the whole crop; 
strawberries $12. Milk is very scarce, as 
everything is so dry; 40 cents a can at the 
depot. We have had only a little shower 
for over six weeks. The gai'den is drying 
up, but corn looks good, also Summer 
squash. Potatoes will have « small crop. 
The hay crop is unusually small, and think 
that hay in this section will be higher 
than last yeai\ It sold for $34 a ton in 
May. Cows are very high, new milkers, 
$75 to $100, others $35 to $60. Last year 
we had a better hay crop, but the dry 
weather killed the roots so that hay is 
scarce this year. Oats are hardly worth 
cutting on account of dry weather. 
AVestminster, Mass. H. l. s. 
Quite a good deal of milk is produced 
in this section which all goes to the Willow 
Brook Dailey, a Mt. Vernon company, which 
maintains three receiving stations within a 
radius of five miles, and of course receives 
milk from a distance each way from each 
station, thus covering a good deal of ter¬ 
ritory. They pay Borden’s prices, wash all 
cans, and pay promptly. Any dairies scor¬ 
ing above a certain per cent (68) as to 
sanitary and cleanly conditions, receive a 
premium of one-half cent per hundred 
pounds of milk for each additional per cent. 
Apart from this the chief product is tobacco. 
Of course corn and some other grain is 
raised, but that is all fed out and goes 
finally into the milk product. A good deal 
of dairy feed is shipped in and fed during 
the Winter months. Fruit and poultry are 
a sort of side issue, some years a little 
fruit and some years (this year) compara¬ 
tively none. Any poultry establishments 
raising enough to send full packages of fresh 
products receive the best prices without 
having to pay commissions, as there are in 
New Haven and Bridgeport plenty of first- 
class grocers who are glad to control the 
products of such concerns. For myself 
would say we have no trouble in disposing 
of all products and think we get a fair 
proportion of the customers’ dollar. Sev¬ 
enty-five per cent is considered high for 
barn and stable scoring—the scoring is 
done by New York State inspectors. 
Gaylordsville, Conn. e. h. a. 
COST OF SUMMER MILK. 
The usual July heat and shortage of pas¬ 
ture is upon us. Indeed it seems as though 
we are having an earlier drought than oc¬ 
curs frequently. At any rate the pastures 
are drying up badly, and the milk supply 
is shortening much faster than is usual. 
There is enough feed in many pastures and 
may be in most, but the feed is dry and is 
not l'elished by cows. I am not so much 
concerned about the milk supply of the 
city as the income of dairymen from the 
sale of milk. There are a good many 
farmers who have not paid their feed bills 
for the last Winter yet, and they are 
anxious to get a little more milk at a 
low cost so as to pay up and have a margin 
left for contingent expenses. Now they 
are finding the supply rapidly lessening. 
The real question is what to do under the 
circumstances. I was talking with a farm¬ 
er the other day and he said that he can 
keep up the flow of milk of his cows if 
the dealei'S will pay enough for milk to 
make it profitable to do it. It has gener¬ 
ally been thought that there is no money 
in feeding grain to milch cows unless the 
price of milk equals the price of grain. The 
price of milk has been below the cost of 
grain for several months, and it will be 
there for some months to come. If the 
dealers cared to do it they could make the 
price such that there would be no shortage 
even in a dry July or August. I am not 
sure that a dairyman can keep up the 
flow of milk in Summer by using grain. 
It requires a good roughage feed to make 
milk, although the flow can be influenced 
considei'ably by the grain. Just what is 
the best supplement to pasture in the line 
of roughage is something of a question I 
suppose. Some years oats and peas are 
ready to cut for feed at this season. I have 
usually held that these come in best at the 
right time for the dairyman. This year 
they are too late. The season was late for 
sowing, and the early drought has made 
them later still and smaller. We cannot 
i-ecommend them highly this season for 
early feeding. I have been thinking a good 
deal of the Summer silo for a few days. 
There are none of them here, so I cannot 
speak either from experience or from ex¬ 
tended obserTation. I have seen a few 
of them in my travels, and from that in¬ 
spection and from what farmers who have 
used them tell me I am quite in their favor. 
I know the labor that goes with the silo 
and am not going to ask every dairyman 
to erect a silo for use in Summer, but 
where a man can do the work necessary for 
growing the crop and filling the silo I am 
quite of the opinion that it will be found 
of decided advantage. It is certain that 
something is needed beyond what we have 
to help out the flow of milk in midsummer. 
I am of the opinion that prices of milk at 
this time ought to be higher than they are. 
The dealers arc making too much money 
in July, and farmers are making little or 
none. Their heaviest loss however is in 
the shrinkage, which cannot be regained 
later in the season. With better prices at 
this time the flow could be held up better 
and the August and September shortage 
would be less in evidence. Thus dealers 
and producers would be benefited. 
H. H. LYON. 
“SPRING-TAILS” IN THE MILK. 
We keep our milk in a cave dug into 
the sand and rocked up on the sides but 
not “pointed up.” It is covered with rough 
boards supported by pine poles in which the 
boi’ers are working. The cave was dug 
last Fall. The floor is well drained coarse 
sand. We cover the milk to prevent the 
insects in the sample bottle getting in, but 
to no purpose. We have used two thick¬ 
nesses of cloth held down by tight cord 
and heavy cover on top. We have also 
used paper similarly fastened, but to no 
profit. The insects get in in spite of 
everything. Through a small glass they 
appear like maggots, but often individuals 
will jump a couple of inches like fleas. They 
are not in the cow, for milk set in the 
house does not show them, but of course 
we cannot keep milk in the house these 
days. What are they, how do they get 
in the milk and how can we keep them 
out? G. F. H. 
Idaho. 
The specimens of insects accompanying 
the foregoing letter are known as spring- 
tails. They are among the lowest forms 
of the insect world, and although veiy 
simple and primitive in structure yet they 
are highly interesting in many ways. On 
the under side of the body near the end of 
the abdomen is a tail-like organ that is 
bent under the body when the insect is at 
rest. This organ reaches, sometimes, al¬ 
most to the head and the end is held by 
some species in a little catch. This organ 
acts like a spring-board, for when it is 
loosened from the catch it suddenly 
straightens and throws the insect upward 
and forward just as a spring-board would 
do. Therefore, these insects are called 
spring-tails, a very appropriate name. 
Many of them are interesting also in hav¬ 
ing their bodies covered with scales that 
form very pretty patterns. Moreover, these 
scales are often tTossed with myriads of fine 
lines, so fine that miscroscopes are often 
tested by determining the number of these 
lines that can be seen and counted with 
the instrument. 
The spring-tails do not seem to be able 
to live without moisture. One species often 
occurs in immense numbers on the snow in 
early Spring, and becomes troublesome in 
maple-sugar time because it hops into the 
sap and syrup. This species is called the 
snow-flea. The spring-tails live mainly, if 
not wholly, upon decaying vegetable mate¬ 
rial in damp places. The dampness of the 
milk cellar probably attracts them, and it 
is quite possible they feed, to some ex¬ 
tent, on the cream in the milk receptacles. 
It is quite probable that dry air-slaked 
lime freely sprinkled about the floor of the 
cellar would prevent the spring-tails from 
living in the house. It might be wise to 
add sulphur to the lime and sprinkle the 
mixture freely over the floor and about the 
■walls of the cellar. g. w. h. 
Long Island Milk. —On page 752 J. G. 
D., of Port Jefferson, L. I., states there is 
very little dairying done on Long Island. 
There was a time up to 16 years ago when 
Long Island produced carloads of milk i 
every day. When a boy 1 used to go to 
Bedford. Brooklyn now, and see the milk 
cars come in, and they also came into 
Bushwick, Williamsburgh. There were large 
dairies on Long Island. Mrs. Sarah A. 
Barnum shipped two two-horse loads, 30 
can each, a day at Herrick, the Albertsons 
two two-horse loads a day at Wantaugh, 
and several others on the edge of the plains 
and Jericho as far east as Farmingdale in 
the center and Massapequa on the south 
shore. I later went in the milk business in 
Brooklyn and had to give up Long Island 
milk for Jersey milk. Why? Because the 
Long Island Railroad drove me to it. The 
train was due at nine I’. M„ but never on 
time; the last six months I was drawing 
from Long Island R. K. station it never 
came in before 12 P. M. and very often at 
4 A. M. Many a night I sat around a bon¬ 
fire until 4 A. M., just seven hours late, 
and people wonder why the milk industry 
died opt. Of course land was cheaper then 
than now, although land in center of the 
island is cheap enough still for dairying or 
milk production. The drawback with us 
is the exorbitant rates. Freight on manure 
costs as much as the manure itself, and to 
make a go of it we must have manure. 
There is where the dairy comes in. The 
soil is sandy and leaches fast. Fertilizer . 
for pi’esent crop “to force” is all right, but 
we want the humus. We always had a 
farm on Long Island with the exception of 
five years spent in Kansas farming, and we 
own one on Long Island at the present 
time. When I say a farm I do not mean ; 
a few city lots. I am in the potato, as¬ 
paragus and cauliflower belt. We can pro- ( 
duce the goods, if we can get the stuff, but 
the majority of the farmers in the center , 
cannot get the manure as cheaply as some 
others on the shores. The street sweep- , 
ings of New York would make Long Island i 
the gai'den spot of the earth. w. b. w. 
Brooklyn. N. Y. 
August 3, 
When you write advertisers mention Thb 
R. N.-Y. and you’ll get a quick reply and a 
“square deal.” See guarantee editorial page. 
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A Hay Press That Carries 
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2% to VA Tons Per Houf 
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This sensational Money-Making 
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0 Get Busy With a Baler 
I F you have clover, timothy, prairie 
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(Incorporated) 
Chicago USA 
IH C Service Bureau 
The purpose of this Bureau is to furnish, free of 
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better farming. If you have any worthy questions 
concerning soils, crops, land drainage, irrigation, 
fertilizer, etc , make your inquiries specific and 
send them to I H C Service Bureau, Harvester 
Building, Chicago, USA 
