848 
August 10, 
FARMERS’ CLUB 
[ Every query must be accompanied by the 
name and address of the writer to insure 
attention. Before asking r. question, please see 
whether it is not answered in our advertising 
columns. Ask only a few questions at one time. 
Put questions on a separate piece of paper.l 
Winter Wheat; Rye in Buckwheat. 
M. N. G., Fleming!on. jV. J .—When is 
the time to sow Winter wheat for a crop 
next Summer? How much to the acre? 
Can the wheat harvested in the early part 
of July be used or must that be cured in 
the barn ? Can rye be planted as a cover 
crop on buckwheat stubble without plowing? 
If so what method to employ and what 
harrow to use? 
Ans.— We sow wheat in northern 
New Jersey on or before September 15. 
One bushel to five pecks is the usual 
seeding. The new wheat, harvested in 
July, stacked and thrashed in time, may 
be used as seed. Yes, rye can be seeded 
on buckwheat stubble by tearing up the 
soil with some sort of a tearing or dig¬ 
ging harrow. Rye is one of the tough¬ 
est of grains and will grow under hard 
conditions, but of course the seed must 
be covered. We have used either the 
Cutaway or the spring-tooth harrow to 
tear up such stubble, broadcast the rye 
and then worked it under with Acme or 
spade-tooth harrow. 
Seeding to.Permanent Pasture. 
A. E. It., Edgeton, O.—l have a piece of 
rolling clay laud, not very fertile, which is 
iu oats now. Can this be successfully 
seeded to grass for a permanent pasture, 
seeding this Fall with any grain crop? 
How should I proceed, what seeds should be 
sown, and how much? 
Ans.— I believe inquirer will succeed 
best by following this plan: After the 
oats are off haul and spread all surplus 
manure onto this field and plow and 
fit as for wheat. If the weather should 
be dry work soil down well and follow 
file plow closely with a heavy drag. Late 
in August or early in September drill 
in rye with 150 or 200 pounds of fer¬ 
tilizer, rich in phosphorus, to the acre, 
and sow, four to six quarts each of Tim¬ 
othy, Kentucky and Canadian Blue 
grass and perhaps Red-top, either with 
the drill or afterwards with a hand 
seeder. Next February sow a bushel of 
Orchard grass and four quarts of Alsike 
clover per acre. After the rye is har¬ 
vested top-dress the poorer spots of this 
field with manure and clip the weeds 
with light pasturing the first year; this 
field so treated ought to make a fine, 
permanent pasture. Limestone would 
be a great help, but Red-top, Alsike and 
• Timothy will succeed without. W. E. d. 
Some of the New Strawberries. 
The weather conditions here during the 
present fruiting season have been better 
than usual, but the crop has been light as 
a result of the unfavorable growing season 
last year. With me, two and three-year- 
old beds gave larger yield than the young 
beds, and the portion of the old beds that 
were left to fight it out with the weeds 
after last year’s fruiting season were much 
bettor this year than where they were hoed 
out and given good cultivation last Fall. 
The early kinds were grown on a gravelly 
loam, changing to a dark clay loam soil 
where the later ones were planted. Excel¬ 
sior, Fairfield and Gill were the first to 
ripen, being followed iu three or four days 
by Texas, Ozark and St. Eouis. Since fruit¬ 
ing, all these early ones have been plowed 
under except St. Louis and Earliana, a seed¬ 
ling that has been grown here for 10 years, 
and does not seem to be so bad as most 
of the extra earlies. Nearly all of the dozen 
newer kinds looked to be at their best this 
year, but at that few of them gave promise 
of being equal to the old standards. The 
largest berries picked were Golden Gate, 
and the latest were Orem. Highland comes 
medium early and stays a long time; it ap¬ 
pears to be worth a trial for the man who 
wants to grow big crops for a local mar¬ 
ket. Fendall loaded too full this season, 
and failed to deliver. Manhattan was a 
disappointment, both in color and quality 
of the fruit. Barrymore is a berry of fine 
appearance, but its quality was below the 
‘fancy” standard. Patagonia, from Bur¬ 
bank,' is a puny plant and appears to be 
worthless here, Iowa, as an everbearing 
has shown but little improvement over 
Pan American, which I have discarded. 
Aroma, Chesapeake and Gandy are generally 
quite satisfactory here, as they ripen just 
when berry prices are usually at high tide 
on the Indianapolis market, f. moffitt. 
Indiana. 
Harvesting Peaches. 
I am requested to give further details 
as to just how I handle my little peach 
crop. Perhaps it is useless to explain that 
I do not claim perfection for my method, 
nor is it given with any such feeling of 
superiority. But through an exchange of 
ideas we may learn from one another as 
no one can expect to find it all out by him¬ 
self. In picking peaches I use the ladder 
and picking basket described on page 742. 
When picking on a hillside the ladder is 
always set with the third leg or pole up 
hill. At the lower side of the tree the pole 
made be run in over the trunk between the 
base of the branches, while at the upper 
side the pole will extend away from the 
tree. The basket enables the picker to use 
both hands, which is necessary to insure 
speed and efficiency in picking. As peaches 
are mostly picked before they are soft, they 
do not easily part from the stem. In pick¬ 
ing the poach should be grasped lightly but 
firmly, with the one hand, and the stem 
end given a jerk sideways. No stem is 
left on the fruit. The other hand may be 
emnloved in holding the limb, or when this 
THE RURAL, NEW-YORKER 
is not necessary both hands may be em¬ 
ployed in picking. 
For my home trade I make two grades 
of marketable peaches, as I sort them. 
When picking I deposit all fruit in the 
basket that is not rotten, specked, wormy 
nor otherwise unfit for use. This latter 
fruit is dropped to the ground. When 
emptying the basket all large and medium 
size specimens go in as first grade fruit, 
while the small and somewhat knotty 
and overripe fruit is culled out as second 
grade. However, no fruit unfit for use is 
offered at any price. The second grade 
fruit is sold ’ at about half price. The 
remainder is gathered up and used at home, 
the hogs getting their share. 
The last few seasons having been dry 
even the freestones were inclined to be 
clingy. This may not be the case this year 
if rains continue. As housewives are par¬ 
ticularly opposed to clingy peaches I may 
say that overripe fruit is generally more 
inclined to stick to the seeds than the same 
fruit before it is quite soft. Take a firm 
peach, cut around edge before peeling it. 
then grasp a half in each hand and twist. 
If the seed does not come out nicely it 
must be a cling indeed. david flank. 
Pennsylvania._ 
VINEYARD NOTES. 
The Grape root-worm is engaging the at¬ 
tention of the gi’owers this year more than 
it has for several years past, this largely 
because the beetles are present in greater 
numbers than usual. Some vineyards are 
so badly infested that in walking through 
the rows the beetles can be heard as they 
strike the leaves in falling while trying to 
evade detection. The presence this year of 
such numbers is largely attributed to the 
fact that many growers have believed this 
pest had forsaken the Chautauqua belt and 
moved off to the eastward, and with this 
assumption they have neglected to spray 
for its control' for the past few years. 
Those who did not spray at all were not 
satisfied that this insect could he controlled 
by arsenical poisons. Recent developments 
have clearly demonstrated that such is not 
the case, as this pest was controlled thor¬ 
oughly last year iu certain vineyards with¬ 
out exception. Examination has shown 
many vines that have died apparently from 
Winter injury the past year were hastened 
to their end as a result of the larvae of this 
insect destroying the root systems. Vines 
that produced very satisfactory wood 
growth last season and had three or four 
canes tied up this Spring made a start to 
grow and then died back. On digging out 
such vines it was found that there were 
few if any fibrous roots, and the old roots 
showed the furrowings characteristic of the 
work of this larva. 
Wood growth of the vines has increased 
greatly within the past two weeks, due 
largely to the good growing weather. The 
extended drought has affected only a few 
of the poorly tilled vineyards. Well- 
drained and tilled vineyards on the heavier 
soils are apparently doing better than those 
situated on the lighter porous soils. 
The harvesting will probably begin a 
little latter this year than last, though 
weather conditions in the interior will be 
the determining: factor. The crop this year 
will not be a large one, a conservative es¬ 
timate being not over 00 per cent of an 
average one. The quality ought to be good, 
judging at present, if the leaf-hopper be 
controlled and if normal weather conditions 
prevail. 
]'lowing or ridging a furrow next to the 
hills will he done shortly. This practice 
is more common on soils that heave. It 
prevents the water from standing around 
the base of the vine during the Winter 
and also makes a buffer to keep the cover- 
crop seed from under the vines when sown 
broadcast, .lust how well it serves to pre¬ 
vent heaving is not certain. Some growers 
who do not use cover crops at all Fall- 
plow the entire width of row, claiming most 
benefit therefrom. F. E. gladwix. 
OHIO FARM NOTES. 
After a dry June, July gave us plenty of 
rain in the form of heavy local showers, 
the Weather Bureau rain gauge at Hills¬ 
boro showing over seven inches of rainfall 
in two weeks, or enough for two months. 
Those heavy rains made unnecessary roll¬ 
ing the corn fields, and most corn was too 
high by July 1 for rolling. Corn has made 
a wonderful growth owing to heat and 
moisture, but we are not going to have the 
tall fodder we had last year. We have had 
some rain storms lately that have twisted 
and blown down some of the corn. This is 
a real injury to the corn, and stops cultiva¬ 
tion and mulching. The hot showery 
weather has been fine for the corn, but has 
greatly hampered wheat and hay harvest, 
not to mention thrashing from the field, 
which is particularly at the mercy of the 
weather. Thrashing from the shock re¬ 
quires lots of thrashing outfits because fear 
of rain damage creates a demand for a 
short thrashing period. This means two 
or more machines in the same section at 
times, with more or less labor complica¬ 
tions If more wheat were ricked or put 
in barns it would be better all around. 
Wheat thrashing and hay harvest coming 
together as it does, and further compli¬ 
cated by frequent showers, makes a stren¬ 
uous season for the farmers and a time of 
hard and unprofitable work for the thrash- 
ermen. There are too many machines for 
the work, and wet spells make their hired 
help expensive. 
Much of the hay here is weedy, and this 
makes it hard to cure, which is further 
hampered by damp weather and showers. 
The writer left the hay in the swath as 
much as possible and it dried off quickly 
when the sun came out, hut when wind- 
rowed or shocked the hay had to be spread 
by hand, and even then was much slower 
in drying. When running the mower a 
muzzle for the right hand horse is a good 
thing for both horse and driver, and a 
neater job of cutting is done. Old pieces 
of burlap, fertilizer bags or bran sacks 
ripped open make good protectors to keep 
the flies off the horses’ backs, but for 
belly and legs some kind of fly repellant 
must be used if we care for the comfort 
of the horses and the satisfactory perform¬ 
ance of their work. In Summer horses must 
work hard enough without having to fight 
flies. I have used with good results a fly 
chaser made of equal parts of sheep dip 
and linseed oil to 20 parts of water, ap¬ 
plied with a sponge. One application made 
iu tlie morning was effective all day usually, 
but when the flies were bad (at noon) an¬ 
other application was needed. With the 
heavy showers we had some high water of 
course, and in places there was much loss 
of shocked wheat in creek bottoms. This 
reminds me of a story about a farmer here 
who has a bottom farm. When he first be¬ 
gan to farm he had a crop of wheat to 
wash away, but for 25 years since then he 
has had no further losses. He follows the 
binder with a sled or wagon and hauls the 
wheat to a high ground before it is shocked. 
There has been some damage to corn in 
bottoms, though this will likely not be 
serious as owing to lateness of corn it has 
a chance to straighten up to some extent. 
Aside from the loss of wheat and injury to 
cron we have the loss of time incident to 
wet days, and as the bad weather has de¬ 
layed wheat thrashing 10 days, during 
which time wheat has gone off nearly 10 
cents per bushel, we have a real loss to 
those who sell wheat from the machine 
that in the aggregate is a serious matter. 
With to-day, July 26, we have had a week 
of nice weather; the air is drier and cooler. 
Those who were delayed in haying and who 
have clean Timothy are not having much 
trouble getting it cured. Lots of work has 
been accomplished, but there is lots to at¬ 
tend to still; wheat, oats and Orchard grass 
to thrash, Timothy seed to cut and thrash, 
and later the fence rows and road sides 
must be trimmed up and made neat. Per¬ 
haps then we shall get a few days for the 
Cliautauquas and fairs, a sort of breathing 
spell before corn cutting. We have had an 
unusual season full of difficulties and per¬ 
plexities. but we are getting things rounded 
into better shape now, and with favorable 
weather we may reach the average yet. 
Hillsboro, O. w. e. d. 
Lovett’s Grown Strawberry Plants 
Set Out this August Will Give a Crop of Deli¬ 
cious, Big, Juicy Berries Next June 
I am recognized throughout this country as a straw¬ 
berry plant grower. For Si years and more I have spe¬ 
cialized in strawberries. 
Some of tlie most widely-known and most successful 
varieties were introduced oy me. 
Readers of The Rural ‘New-Yorker want berries 
quickly. None of you want to wait two springs for a 
crop, as you positively must If you set out anything but 
pot -grown plants. 
This year I have a magnificent lot of plants ot two of 
tlie wonderful Van Fleet hybrids, two varieties that I 
have been testing during the last four years, and I can 
conscientiously say I have never grown strawberries that 
I can recommend more highly, as best in every way. I 
have named them 
Early Jersey Giant—Late Jersey Giant 
They are strong, healthy growers and immense yield- 
ers of brilliant red berries of enormous size, with the ex¬ 
quisite flavor of tlie wild strawberry. 
Write for my Strawberry Booklet 
I will gladly mail a copy to you free. It tells all about 
the Jersey Giants, tlie valuable EVERBEARING sorts, 
and gives full descriptions of twenty-five other choice 
varieties, with prices, and full cultural directions. 
I’ll tell you how to properly prepare the bed for largest 
yield of biggest and juiciest berries. 
J.T. LOVETT, Monmouth Nursery, Box237, Little Silver, N. J. 
Alfalfa Seed 
should be sown during August and Sep¬ 
tember. We offer high-grade seed, and 
will send sample and price on request. 
Write for a copy of our Alfalfa Leaflet, 
free. 
Crimson Clover 
the great soil improver; also early green 
food, grazing and hay. Special circular, 
sample and price of seed on request. 
Winter Vetch 
(Vicia Villosa) 
Valuable as a winter cover crop and for 
green manure. Extremely hardy. Write 
for price. _______ 
Dreer’s Autumn Catalog 
Ready eariy in September and mailed free to 
all applicants; offers Seeds, Plants and Bulbs 
for Fall planting. Write for a copy. 
HENRY A. DREER 
-PHILADELPHIA, PA.- 
MELILOTUS 
The choicest and one of the best soil restorers known. 
We have a fine lot of seed that we can retail at less 
than ordinary wholesale prices. Onr seed is hulled, 
yellow blossom. GUARANTEED TO GROW. This 
plant is also a splendid preparation for alfalfa. 
■ I mi r ■ All northern grown, guaranteed to be 
111 rill HI 99 per cont P nre and Doo from dodder. 
HU I1LI Write for free sample. 
THE WING SEED COMPANY 
BOX 883 MECHANICSBURG, OHIO 
GUARANTEED ALFALFA SEED 
Absolutely pure; free ol weeds; vigorous; 
hardy. Endorsed by Experiment sta¬ 
tions. Sold on approval. Will grow on 
your land. Big money-maker. Free 
amples and cultural instructions* 
HENRY FIELD SEED CO., 
Box 36 Shenandoah, Iowa# 
Inoculated Alfalfa Soil 
7;">c. per 100, or $10.00 per ton, f. o. b. ears Ashville, 
Pa. Send for free booklet, "flow to Grow Al¬ 
falfa." DR. H. SOMERVILLE. Chest Springs, Pa. 
ALFALFA SOIL FOR INOCULATION 
Send for Circular 
E.T. Gill, Haddon Farms, Haddonfield,N.J. 
Wlieat to Sow 
10 Big Yielders—Smooth and Bearded— 
1 lardy and Reliable—Clean and Pure— 
Sold Right from Farm—Close Prices. 
If You Don't I,ike It WKTAKK IT HACK, 
RETURN YOUR MONEY & PAY FREIGHT 
Write for Wheat Catalog No. 33— IT IS FREE. 
A. H. HOFFMAN. BamEord, Lencaster Co., Pa. 
Q.QQH Whftnt READ'S VERMONT. Newva- 
OCOU if HvCIl rioty, sown Sept. 20. Aver, 
yield 56 bush, to acre. Big money in wheat. Write 
i'or circular. G. A. READ, Read's Exp. Farms, Charlotte, Vt. 
For Sale 
Cow Peas, $2.00 to $2.50 bushel: 
Crimson Clover Seed, $6.00 to 
$7.00 bushel; Red Clover Seed, $12.00 bushel. 
JOSEPH K. HOLLAND_Miliord, Delaware 
TREES and PLANTS"^ 
prices. Big supply Apple and Peach Trees, Privet 
Hedging. The Westmioster Nursery, Westminster, Md. 
Hairy Vetch (viciavmosa) & Rye Seed for Sale 
imoOKSIIlK FARM, PAOLI, PENNA. 
STRAWBERRY PLANTS 
Earliest, latest, largest, most productive varieties. 
$1.00 hundred, prepaid. Low thousand prices. Rasp¬ 
berry. blackberry, asparagus plants, fruit trees. 
Catalogue free. HARRY L. SQUIRE, Good Ground, N. Y. 
NowThe FALL BEARING Strawberries. 
Send forT.C. KEYITT’S Catalogue, Athenia, N. J. 
FOR SALE 
—Fine Ginseng- Roots and Seeds. 
Apply at once to J. C. LAMB, Towles, Va. 
C ABBAGE and CELERY PLANTS—Best variety, $1 per 1000, 
$7.50,10.000;Tomato, Sweet Potato and Peppers,$1.50 per 
1000; Cauliflower, $2.50 per 1000. J. C. Schmidt, Bristol, Pa. 
CAM Bearing Strawberry Plants. Best varieties. 
I ALL Catalogue Free. BASIL PERRY, Cool Spring, Del 
There is no miracle in getting a heavy 
yield if you plant this seed. Stools 
enormously, long stiff straw, 40 to 50 
Bushels Per Acre. Prices, Peck $1.00; Bush. $1.75; Bush. $3.00; 
10 Bush. $25.00. Quality Alfalfa and Crimson Clover and Timothy. 
STOKES SEED STORE, 219 Market St., Philadelphia 
PROFITS FROM WHEAT AND OTHER CEREALS 
FOLLOW THE USE OF 
E. FRANK COE FERTILIZERS 
l857"The Business Fanner’s Faverite For Over Fifty Years—l^JlQ 
These Famous Brands Are Made on Honor and Have the 
QUALITY™™; ECONOMY 
S AID the late Prof. Voorhees, when Director of the New Jersey Experiment 
Station:—“The Value of a fertilizer to the farmer depends not so much 
upon what is paid for it, as upon the character of the materials used to 
make it.” 
The superior character of the materials used in E. FRANK COE’S 
FERTILIZERS has been proven during over fifty years’ use by the best 
farmers and vegetable growers. 
Insist upon getting GENUINE E. FRANK COE BRANDS, not something 
said to be “just as good.” 
You will get same helpful suggestions from our literhture, which is sent free if you mention 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
THE COE-MORTIMER CO., 51 Chambers St., New York City 
