1912. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKEB 
aoi 
MANAGEMENT OF HENS. 
On page 752 is au article on “Selling 
Eggs in New York.” Will you secure for 
me the feed, care and general attention 
Robt. W. Davidson of New Jersey gives his 
hens to receive on the average a crate of 
eggs a week from 100 hens? a. g. p . 
Not Satisfied.— Personally I have never 
been satisfied witli the number of eggs 
produced by my flocks, as I never seem 
able to coax my pullets to lay more than 
20 to 20 per cent until about January 1, 
when they generally jump to between 50 
and 00 per cent. Great claims are made 
about the early maturity of Leghorns, 
and I have known individual pullets to 
lay at four months—pullets ranging in size 
from a quinine capsule to a pigeon’s egg. 
but_ if you don’t want to be disappointed 
don't look for any real egg production until 
the pullets are seven months old. In Janu¬ 
ary and February pullets and hens should 
lay 50 to 60 per cent, in March and April 
about 70 per cent; then they taper off 
again and it is time to cull out the early 
quitters. Yearlings will lay about 50 per 
cent until September 1, and two-year-olds 
until October 1. Thereafter the new pul¬ 
lets may lay 20 to 30 per cent, and the 
hens will stop almost entirely in November, 
but some of them get busy by December 1. 
I keep good layers two seasons, culling out 
all pullets and yearlings that are not per¬ 
sistent layers and shipping the culls to 
market. The hens that have proven the 
most persistent layers in their second sea¬ 
son are saved for breeders. 
Housing. —All layers are housed in cur¬ 
tain-front houses divided into pens 16x20 
feet by solid partitions to within three feet 
of the front of houses. Houses are 60 
feet and 100 feet long by 16 feet deep, shed 
roof, 5 Ms feet high in rear and 9V£ feet in 
front, roosting closets in rear with curtains 
which are lowered only in zero weather. 
Curtain front closed at night in freezing 
weather, or when snow blows from the 
southeast. One large glass window in the 
middle of the front of each pen. 
Feeding. —They are fed a grain mixture 
twice a day, about two quarts mornings 
and four quarts evenings per 100 hens, out 
on the ground in Summer and in deep lit¬ 
ter in the houses in Winter, and have dry 
mash, high-grade beef scrap, crushed sheli. 
grit and charcoal in separate hoppers be¬ 
fore them at all times. They have free 
range the year round and are confined to 
the houses only when the ground is covered 
with snow. During the Summer grain 
crops grow right up to the ends of the 
houses, yet they never spoil any crops, and 
that is a source of never ending wonder 
to the neighboring farmers who keep from 
50 to 150 fowls, and have a patch of au 
acre or more around their buildings eaten 
bare. My regular grain mixture consists 
of 40 per cent coarse cracked corn with 
all the meal sifted out, 20 per cent wheat, 
15 per cent oats, 15 per cent buckwheat and 
10 per cent barley, by weight. That is 
occasionally varied with a feed of wheat in 
the straw or corn ears. In the Fall I like 
to add about five pounds of sunflower seed 
to 100 pounds of my regular grain mixture. 
The dry mash is made up of equal parts 
wheat middlings, wheat bran, buckwheat 
middlings and corn gluten feed, by weight. 
The nutritive ratio of this dry mash fig¬ 
ures about 1 :3, which will be considered 
too concentrated by many feeders, partic¬ 
ularly with high-grade beef scrap fed sepa¬ 
rately, but the grain mixture figures about 
1 :8, and with what the hens pick up on 
free range they balance their own ration. 
Pullets eat proportionately more feed of 
all kinds than hens, and also a larger pro¬ 
portion of mash and scrap. An occasional 
hen acquires a depraved taste for an ex¬ 
clusive diet of beef scrap, and either gets 
overfat or gets indigestion. Such individ¬ 
uals are rare and are shipped to market 
with the culls. 
Tiiic Record. —My flocks have averaged 
from 135 to 165 eggs per year per hen 
during the past six years in this location 
and the variations An flock averages have 
seemed to me to be due entirely to varia¬ 
tions in weather from year to year. My 
fowls are entirely hardy, but the extreme 
cold of last Winter caused them to stop 
laying almost entirely after they had 
reached a 50 per cent lay. Ordinary cold 
or extreme cold for a short period' never 
affected them appreciably. The most im¬ 
portant point in securing a fair flock aver¬ 
age has always been culling out the drones, 
which I believe should be done three times 
a year; in the Fall when the pullets are 
starting to lay, in the early Spring when 
all hens should lay, and in early Summer 
when you get the quitters. Cleanliness is 
next in importance. Most poultrymen 
would place it first, but your lazy hens 
would not lay no matter how clean they 
were kept. In fact they won’t keep them¬ 
selves clean. The workers will, with dust 
and a clean house. 
Beef Scrap or the lack of it may spell 
success or failure. That is the one item 
in the menu of my hens that is indispen¬ 
sable. The hens eat an average of about 
one pound per day per hundred, while the 
pullets eat nearly two pounds per hundred. 
There are all kinds of scrap and meat meal 
on the market, many brands being positively 
injurious. I have found only one brand 
that is consistently satisfactory and that 
brand is manufactured by a concern that 
gathers scraps from meat markets. While 
a dainty stomach might revolt at the idea, 
there is only one sure method of testing the 
palatability of beef scrap, and that is to 
taste it Smell it first; if it does not smell 
sweet you won’t need to taste it. If it 
smells sweet then taste it, and if it does 
not taste good, don’t give it to your hens. 
Once you get a brand you can rely on you 
will have no need to taste each shipment. 
Some packers and some other manuaetur- 
ers put up something that they call beef 
scrap, which analyses high in protein but 
makes hens sick. There is an injurious 
preservative used, or pork scraps are mixed 
in, or trimmings from green hides are 
mixed in. Such hides are generally salted 
and also generally old when trimmed. Such 
stuff is only fit for fertilizer. Feed figured 
at market prices has cost me from $1.30 
to $1.50 per year per hen, including cost 
of beef scrap, grit, etc., and market eggs 
have sold for $3.30 to $4.10 per hen last 
year, all market eggs sold on a basis of 
two cents per dozen above highest New 
York market quotations, which is about 
two cents per dozen less than you can buy 
the same grade of eggs for on the New 
York market. That leaves $2 to $2.60 per 
year per hen from market eggs ohly, to pay 
for labor, and interest on investment. 
ROBERT W. DAVIDSON. 
WHY YOUNG CHICKS DIE. 
I note on page 821, F. O., Glen Head, 
L. I., is having trouble with mortality of 
young chicks, and M. B. D. sugests white 
diarrhoea as the cause. It may be due to 
the cause suggested, but it appears to me to 
be due possibly to one or two other reasons, 
probably a combination of both, particularly 
as F. O. has lost some large chicks from the 
same cause, and the trouble is in the hot 
weather. The first trouble appears to indi¬ 
cate that the stale bread may have a bear¬ 
ing on the case, containing some possibly 
still inactive yeast spores, which in this 
hot weather would ferment rapidly, and in 
addition to prepared chick feed, which may 
be of grains too defective to sell unground, 
and if such is the case, would undoubtedly 
cause severe stomach trouble in young 
birds. The second cause which appears 
probable is head lice, which to the inex¬ 
perienced are difficult to identify except by 
closest investigation. They often cause a 
condition in chicks which induces serious 
bowel derangements, terminating in death. 
The means of correcting the first trouble, 
which I would apply, is feed the young 
chicks nothing but dry grains, grit, char¬ 
coal and green food, cutting out the moist¬ 
ened bread and ready prepared chick feed, 
and adding a little ready prepared dry 
beef scrap in the feed, feeding in a V- 
shaped trough or pan, putting in what they 
will probably eat through the day, and 
when empty replenishing. They will not 
overeat if the food is always before them. 
This is the treatment I give my own chicks, 
and lose few. 
The second trouble, head lice, grease with 
mercurial ointment either alone or mixed 
with three parts of grease, greasing heads 
and around neck where head joins, at night, 
so they will not be out in dew or wet for 
some hours after application of mercury. 
Whitewash or thoroughly disinfect the 
house and clean it well. One greasing is 
often sufficient, but sometimes a second 
treatment is needed. English sparrows are 
literally alive with head lice such as at¬ 
tack little chicks, and drop them in feed¬ 
ing in the yards with the poultry. This 
grease has been very successful in my 
hands. I shoot and poison the sparrows 
and so keep their numbers down. If F. O. 
gets relief from the above treatment it 
may prove of service to others, if he will 
let you know. marsena a. parker. 
Alabama. 
Mare With Cough. 
I have a mare that troubles me quite a 
little, and would like to know your opinion. 
For the last two years she has had a cough. 
I ask(>d advice of our local veterinarian and 
he did not think it was anything to worry 
over, but about two or three weeks ago I 
called the doctor again. Now he claims she 
has a bad case of glanders and advises me 
to kill her, also said he was obliged to re¬ 
port her to higher authorities, which he did. 
and the State veterinarian came to my 
place, looked the horse well over and pro¬ 
nounced her free from any such disease, 
said she had not the least symptom of 
glanders. The mare is in good condition, 
eats well and seems to feel in good spirits 
for an old horse. She has days of cough¬ 
ing a great deal, especially after drinking, 
and if she draws a heavy load there seems 
to be a rattling in her throat as though 
there was phlegm there; sometimes when 
she blows her nose there is a thick discharge 
from it, but I have seen the same from 
my other horses which are all right. What 
do you think about it? i. r. f. 
Cough is merely a symptom of irritation 
which may exist in the throat, bronchial 
tubes or lungs. In an old horse, not af¬ 
fected with glanders, one would suspect 
heaves as the most likely ailment, and it 
may be accompanied by discharge from the 
nostrils. Chronic bronchitis, or chronic ca¬ 
tarrh also might cause the symptoms you 
describe. On general principles give half 
an ounce of Fowler's solution of arsenic 
night and morning, after a few smaller 
doses have been given. Wet all feed. In 
Summer feed grass in place of hay and in 
Winter give wetted oat straw or oat hay. 
Do not feed any bulky feed at noon, or 
work the mare soon after a meal. Have 
the teeth attended to by a qualified veter¬ 
inarian. a. s. A, 
Failing Cow ; Pigs With Cough. 
1. I have a cow which was fresh in 
April. She was a good-looking cow and 
gave about 7% pounds of butter a week, 
but since the hot weather she gave less 
milk and hardly any cream. She does not 
eat much in the pasture and I feed her in 
the stable one quart bran, one quart mid¬ 
dlings, one pint oats and one quart stale 
bread. The bread is not green : it is kiln- 
dried. The cow is about three years old 
and find her second calf. The flies bother 
her a lot. I spray her with different things 
but none helps. Could you recommend me 
anything to kill the flies, and tell the rea¬ 
son why she gives less milk? Do you think 
I should give her some condition powder 
in case she has worms? 2. I have two 
pigs. Both of them cough. They eat 
enough but do not grow enough for what 
they eat. Maybe they have worms. What 
could I do to get them into better condi¬ 
tion ? c. R. 
1. Screen and darken the doors and win¬ 
dows of the stable against flies and be 
careful to keep all manure out of the stable 
and away from it, as manure “breeds flies.” 
Keep her off grass during the day, but let 
her pasture at night. Feed plenty of suc¬ 
culent feed and mixed hay. Allow one 
pound of mixed grains and meal for each 
100 pounds of live weight. Do not give 
her any medicine; but if the milk does not 
increase massage the udder thoroughly 
three times a day and at night rub it with 
brandy. Also give large drinks of warm 
flaxseed tea, adding molasses and stimu¬ 
lant. Fly repellers advertised in this paper 
will protect a cow from flies. 2. For worms 
in pigs give two teaspoonfuls of sulphur 
and a dram of dried sulphate of iron once 
daily for five days and repeat in 10 days 
if found necessary. Do not give iron to a 
sow in pig. The dose prescribed here is for 
a 100-pound hog. a. s. a. 
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Try "Larro-feed” NOW, at our risk. 
TOR daipv cows 
0«»fi»Ntr.to AKAu^af 
THE LARROWE MILLING 
503. Gillespie Bldg. 
Detroit,Mich. 
CO. 
(3) 
Dealers: 
Quick shipments L 
in carloads or less made i 
from eastern warehouse. 
me lARROWC HlvU***» 
o HOT # MltS. 
FflR <vAI F~ 500 CHOICE s. c. white 
onL ■ , - LEGHORN BREEDING HENS. 
1 he hardy, heavy laying kind. Special prices for 
August. Write MAPLE GROVE FARM, Smithville, N. V. 
. . . 
TF every farmer who doesn’t own 
-f an engine will send 11s his address 
we will place in his hands, without 
a penny’s expense or obligation of 
any kind, the exact facts and figures he will 
need when he is ready to buy an engine. 
Write now, please, while you think of it. 
DEYO PORTABLE ENGINE 
Uses Less Gasolene, Furnishes More Power, Does 
More Work than any other farm engine. We prove it. 
Deyo-Macey Engine Co., 22 Washington St., Binghamton, N Y. 
Or Onr Factory ( £ 18 * ,# ,V 19 ? 2"! #r St ” N ' T ' 
Snlo« i™,,!, - Kcndnll Sc Whitney, Purllnml, Mnme 
B ( I>. 91. Hough, 403 W. 9th Ave., Columbus, Ohio 
l 
s. C. W. LEGHORNS 
Annual Sale of Selected Yearling Breeders. 
JlliNS AND COCKS, $1 EACH. 
Mt. Pleasant Poultry Farm, Havre de Grace, Md. 
S. C. W. LEGHORNS 
AT HALF-PRICE 
I am compelled to make room for growing stock, and will 
therefore sell after Aug. 15 about 300 two-year-old lien- and 
700 yearlings at one-half their value. Prices: 2-year-ilds, 
75c.; yearlings, $ 1 .00, This is your opportunity to procure 
pure bred utility.stock at a low price. Orders filled in order 
received. Don't delay. 
Chas. W. Brick, Box D, Crosswicks, N. J. 
BABY CHICKS 8'Ac EACH 
From Free Range Selected 
S. C.WHITE LEGHORNS 
Prompt delivery. A batch every week. Write for 
prices on three-weeks’-old chicks. Safe arrival 
guaranteed. Circular free. CHAS. R. STONE, Baby 
Chicken Farm, Staatsburg-on-Hudson, N. Y. 
FOR SALE 
500 S.C. White LEGHORN BREEDING HENS 
75 CENTS—.OO EACH 
Write “FARMLEIGH,” Carmel, New York 
To Kksponsibl'R Party. Low rent for markot, gardening or 
1 chicken-raisins: farm. Connecticut. A. W. 1*., care IL N.-Y 
EARLY PULLETS •» HENS 
VWE SELL GOOD FARMS m Oceana, greatest fruit Co. 
”* in U.S.; also grain, potatoes, alfalfa, dairying. 
Write for list, etc. HANSON & SON, Hart, Mich. 
Leghorns, Wyandottes, Rocks and P. Cochins 
MAPLE COVE POULTRY FARM - R. D. 24 - ATHENS, PA. 
0flfl CHOICE FARMS FOR SALE in fertile Delaware 
River Valley. From $40 per acre up. New 
catalog and map. HORACE G. REEDER, Newtown, Pa. 
CHICKS and HATCHING EGGS 
FROM THE FOLLOWING SELECTED BREEDERS 
S. C. W. Leghorns Barred Plymouth Rocks 
S. C. R. I. Reds 
BONNIE BRAE POULTRY FARM.NEW ROCHELLE, N. V. 
EASTERN SHORE of Maryland and Virginia. Poultry. 
L Fruit, Truck, Grain and Grass Farms for sale. 
Catalog free. M. L. VEASEY, Pocomoke City, Md. 
A NEWYORK STATE FARMS. AJSSS 
ing in farms throughout New York State. Reference 
1,11 request. Catalog sent to prospective purchasers^ 
C\ L. Y A UK It & CO.. 7J1G Press Rldg., Ringhumton, N. Y. 
S. C. W. LEGHORNS 
300 choice yearling Hons at $1 each. Strong, healthy 
and great layers. VANDERBILT FARM, Morris Sta., Md. 
1 ARGF TRAPTQ F0R DEVELOPMENT and sub-divi- 
L.HIIUL. IMHO 10 sion into small farms. 12,000 
acres, Central Virginia. 4.200, 16,000 and 47,000, 
Eastern North Carolina. $4.00 per acre np. 
JORDAN & JDAVIS CO., Norfolk, Va. 
1000 S, C. WHITE LEGHORNS SfHSJSS 
Young and Lakewood Strains direct. Prompt 
on future delivery. Special prices on large lots. 
SUNNY HILL FARM FLKMINGTON, N. J. 
nci AWARF Beautifully Illustrated booklet 
LfLtLir\. YY nlYL about the State of Red Apples, 
luscious Peaches, Strawberries, diversified farm¬ 
ing and of ideal homes. Address STATE BOARD 
OF AGRICULTURE, Dover, Delaware. 
YEARLING HENS 
To make room for this year’s Pullets wo must 
dispose of 500 S. C. White Leghorn yearlings by 
Aug. 15. These are clioiee daughters, selected 
from heavy-egg-producing mothers. Price, $1.50 
each in lots of twelve. Special price on 50 or more 
BROAD BROOK FARM, Bedford Hills, N. Y. 
FOR SALE OR TRADE 
$10,000 equity in 30 acres of land in Centralin, Ill. 
Suitable for platting, manufacturing or trucking, 
Farm land, east or west, live stock or city property, 
(improved) taken in exchange. Property adjoins 
four railroads and electric lines. E. E0S0N, Tonti, 111. 
POm TRYMFN— Send 2 c stamp for Illustrated 
• •* ■ mtn Catalog describing 35 varieties. 
LAST DONEGAL POULTRY YARDS MARIEHA, PA. 
Don’tYouWantaGood Farm^rHalf Value? 
E 0R 0UR nAY-fll n rHIY WITH fireless 
PRICES ON DAI ULu UrllA BROODER included 
PROMPT DELIVERY CATALOGUE FREE 
TAYLOR’S POULTRY YARDS, LYONS, N. Y, 
96 acres, two-story, 8 -room house, large basement 
barn, 20 cow stalls, silo, granary, henhouse, fruit, 
lhs miles to railroad town. $2,000. Half cash. 
HALL'S FARM AGENCY, 1300 Lake Street, Elmira, New York 
THE FARMER'S FOWL— Rose Comb Reds, best winter 
1 layers on earth. Eggs, $ 1.00 per 15. Catalogue 
free. THOS. WILDER, Route 1, Richland, N. Y. 
SEE THE CROPS GROWING 
on this farm of 64 acres located one mile from rail¬ 
road town. Land lies level and in high sti *e of 
cultivation, grow anything; 10 acres of wood and 
timber: fine 11 -room house in good repair; largo 
yard well shaded; good barn; all kinds of fruit. 
Price. $4,000 : one-half down. THE BILLINGS 
FARM AGENCY, Apalachin, New York 
R. 1. Reds, Houdans, Indian Runner Ducks 
High-class stock for UTILITY, SHOW or EX- 
Eggs f or hatching. Mating list on roquest. 
SINCLAIR SMITH, Southold, Suffolk Co., N. Y. 
“ Old-fashioned and honest ” is what they say of DARLINGTON. 
I would add we attend to our own business, some of us carry tiiis so 
far, we try to attend to the “other fellows” and succeed, too. 
At the S. C. WHITE LEGHORN" PLANT we attend to our own. 
DARLINGTON EGG FARM, Alfred P. Edge, Box O, DARLINGTON, MD. 
My Chatham Mill 
Grain Grader and Cleaner 
Loaned free for 30 days—no money IT O IT IT ■ 
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Over 250.000 in use in U. S. and Canada. Postal brings low-price- 
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be one of the lucky 500. Ask for Booklet 4308 (39) 
MANSON CAMPBELL COMPANY, Detroit, Kansas 
Cash 
or On Time 
City, 
Minneapolis 
