«fc>« 
THE RURA.I> NEW-voRKER 
August IV, 
FARMERS’ CLUB 
[ Every query must l>o accompanied by th9 
name and address of the writer to insure 
attention. Before asking question, please see 
whether it is not answered in our advertising 
columns. Ask only a few questions at one time. 
Pu'. questions on a separate piece of paper. 1 
Hungarian or Rye to Plow Under. 
F. H. L., South Hadley, Mass. —In a 
throe-year rotation of grass, tomatoes and 
early cabbage, which would add the most 
humus to, the soil, seeding down after early 
cabbage to Timothy as 1 have been doing, 
or sowing rye, plowing under in Spring, 
then sowing Hungarian grass and after 
cutting sow to rye again to be plowed tub 
der the following Spring for tomatoes? I 
wish to feed this Hungarian hay to horses. 
Would it be all right if it was cut in the 
blossom? How would oats do instead of 
Hungarian grass? 
Ans.— Without figuring it all out, as 
it would be hard to do, we should say 
the rye, Hungarian and rye again would 
add more humus to the soil and leave 
-it in better shape. Do not feed the 
Hungarian to horses. Jt may be safe to 
do so when the crop is cut before the 
seed forms, but you are never sure that 
part of it has not matured. If you feed 
seedy Hungarian hay to horses you arc 
quite sure to have trouble. Why not 
sow Soy beans instead of Hungarian, 
and seed to rye, or with clover added, 
right among the beans? 
Peas for Seed. 
D. P., Irving, N. Y .—I would like to get 
some information on how to keep pea seeds 
for next year. I understand it is a diffi¬ 
cult seed to keep on account of worms. 
Ans.— When the pods turn a whitish 
color and show indications of drying 
they should be picked off the vines, as 
they will crack open and allow the peas 
to fall to the ground if permitted to re¬ 
main on the vines until fully ripe. To 
cure them properly they must be spread 
out very thinly in a dry, airy place, care 
being taken that no dampness reaches 
them; turning them occasionally will 
hasten the drying and curing. When 
the pods are entirely dry they may be 
placed in burlap bags and hung in a 
cool, dry place until near the time for 
Spring planting when they can be 
shelled and gotten ready for use. I 
have cured and kept pea seed in this 
way for my own use for years, and have 
the first insect of any kind to see in 
them. Leaving the seeds in the pods 
seems to be a protection against weevil, 
etc. k. 
White Welsh Onions. 
S. M. B., Ilarriman, Tcnn .—Are White 
Welsh onions anything like Egyptian Win¬ 
ter onions? Are they profitable for mar¬ 
ket, that is to grow for early bunching? 
Ans.— The Welsh onions are grown 
only for green bunching in the Spring. 
They do not make large bulbs any more 
than a leek. Some in the North find 
them profitable for Spring bunching, but 
in our climate I prefer to plant sets of 
an early onion like the Norfolk Queen 
or the Pearl for green bunching in 
Spring. If you want to grow ripe 
onions you can do it in several ways. 
You can plant sets of Yellow Potato 
onion and can pull the offsets from 
these for green onions and let the main 
bulb mature. This Onion makes no 
seed. You can sow seed of the Prize- 
taker onion in August and transplant 
them later and can grow large onions 
in this way. Or you can defer the sow¬ 
ing till February and sow in a cold 
frame under glass and transplant the 
seedlings when the size of a goosequill 
and can make a good crop in this way. 
You can sow seed of the New England 
varieties such as the Southport Globe, 
Yellow Danvers and Red Wethersfield 
as early as the soil can be worked in 
Spring, and these, properly thinned and 
cultivated, will make good crops on 
well-fertilized soil. You can plant sets 
of these varieties in the Spring, but the 
seed will make the better crop and be 
far cheaper than planting sets. I use 
sets only in Fall for green bunching 
onions, and I grow my own sets from 
seed of the Norfolk Queen sown very 
thickly in April. w. f. massey. 
Weeds in the Grass. 
I have a five-acre field that I planted 
to Red clover. Timothy and Redtop, but 
failed to sow oats with them. They were 
^planted May 10 and sowed quite thickly. 
Now the clover is up three inches and the 
grass is partly up. The weeds are up 12 to 
15 inches and seem to smother the grass 
and clover. The field was well fertilized 
before sowing. What would you advise me 
to do—cut the weeds down and use for 
mulch, or plow under and plant this Fall? 
Toms River, N. J. e. e. s. 
It will depend upon how thick a stand 
of the grass and clover you have. If it is 
what Avould be called a good “catch,” we 
should mow off the weeds and leave them 
on the ground as a mulch. The grass and 
clover will grow up through. If the seed¬ 
ing appears to be too thin, we should plow 
and re-seed. 
Potatoes on Newly Cleared Field. 
I have a five-acre virgin field, just cleared 
of pines. If I plowed this field this Fall 
and sowed rye or cow peas and then plowed 
under next Spring, would potatoes do well 
under these conditions? Which is best to 
plow under, rye or cow peas? The soil is 
somewhat sandy. E. w. s. 
Tom’s River, N. .T. 
It would do no good to sow cow peas 
in the Fall. They will be killed by the 
first hard frost. Rye will live and thrive 
and make a good growth to plow under. 
We should add seed of Hairy vetch to the 
rye, as so often described. 
Likes the English Sparrow. 
I would like to enter a protest against 
the senseless persecution of one of our most 
valuable birds. I wonder if county officials, 
or whoever it is who do it. ever realize 
how much the offering of bounties on spar¬ 
rows hurts the farmers. Our sparrows here 
in southern Michigan do no more damage 
to crops or anything else than the Audubon- 
protected song birds, and probably do much 
more good. The pioneers in tobacco rais¬ 
ing in this vicinity have been almost en¬ 
tirely relieved of one of their greatest ex¬ 
penses connected with tobacco raising— 
that of ridding the plants of worms. Hun¬ 
dreds of the sparrows work in one field, 
under 'my constant observation. They rid 
the field of worms and do no damage. A 
10-acre field of tomatoes next to the to¬ 
bacco is kept free from cutworms. They 
take two and three at a time to their nests. 
I have seen them catch the Codling moth 
on the wing. The tobacco growers near the 
city where the sparrows congregate have 
had no difficulty with worms, last season 
or this, and ascribe their freedom from 
the pest to sparrows. I have noticed that 
they are becoming a field bird and are be¬ 
ginning to build nests in trees like our na¬ 
tive song birds, and I believe they should 
be protected fully as much as the song 
bird. WALTER J. WIARD. 
Washtenaw Co., Mich. 
“BLACK’S QUALITY’’ 
FRUIT TREES 
NONE BETTER 
A Tone Give Better Returns when They Fruit 
Buy Direct From the IMursery 
and save agent’s discounts and middleman’s 
profits. When you buy our trees you get a 
Do liar*s Worth of Trees 
for every one hundred cents you remit to us. 
PEACH and APPLE TREES 
a specialty. CATALOGUE FREE 
JOS. H. BLACK, SON & CO. 
HIGHTSTOWN. N. J. 
KING’S FRUIT TREES 
are purchased by the best orehardists. Send for 
free catalog now. Big discounts for Fall Delivery. 
KING BROS. NURSERIES, Dansville. N.Y. 
"It's Cheapest to Buy the Best" 
TREES and PLANTS-.^^f^.fi 1 ; 
irices. Big supply Apple and Peacli Trees, Privet 
iedgiug. The Westminster Nursery, Westminster, Md. 
C ABBAGE and CELERY PLANTS—Best variety, $1 per 1000, 
$7.50, 10.000:Tomato, Sweet Potato and Peppers,$1.50 per 
1000; Cauliflower, $2.50 per 1000. J. C. Schmidt, Bristol, Pa. 
CnorlWhnat READ’S VERMONT. Newva- 
wUuU If II\7C1L riety, sown Sept.20. Aver, 
yield 50 bush, to acre. Big money in wheat. Write 
for circular. G. A. READ, Read's Exp. Farms, Charlotte, Vt. 
WEEDLESS FIELD SEEDS « ^ 
trying harder than ever to furnish our customers. 
FREE Samples will show that we come pretty 
near doing it. 1 n many varieties we DO IT. Home¬ 
grown Timothy, Alsike, Mammoth, Red, new 
crop. Also Alfalfa, Vetch, Rape, etc. Write today. 
0. M. Scott & Son, 40 Main St., Marysville, Ohio 
When' you write advertisers mention Tun 
R. N.-Y. and you'll get a quick reply and a 
“square deal.” See guarantee editorial page. 
P olt&dlS T'r awb e r r v 
,s*T\ 1 1 
iliHits 
_ The best varieties, both 
new and old, and the best 
methods of planting to raise a 
full crop of Strawberries next 
year, are fully particularized in 
DREER’S 
Mid-Summer Catalogue 
Also the best varieties of Celery, 
Cabbage Plants, etc. 
A most complete list of the Best 
Hardy Perennial Seeds for summer 
sowing. 
Also vegetable and farm seeds for 
summer and fall sowing. Select list of 
seasonable decorative and flowering 
plants. 
Write for a copy and kindly 
mention this paper—FREE 
HENRY A. DREER PHILADELPHIA 
R. N.-Y.-—Mr. Wiard will meet with 
strong opposition from people to whom the 
sparrows have become a nuisance. They 
have many evil qualities. The county offi¬ 
cials are not responsible for such laws— 
they only enforce the law after the people 
of State or locality enact it. 
Californian Fruit Shipments. 
Californians arc telling great stories 
about their fruit shipments. The estimate 
now is for the year's product: 
Citrus products for the year’s 
crop .$34,000,000 
Vineyard products . 24.000,000 
Green fruit . 20.000,000 
Sugar beets . 14,000,000 
Cantaloupes, over . 2,000,000 
Practically all of this except the sugar 
beets will he shipped out of the State to 
be sold in Denver or in towns further east. 
This will give our Eastern growers an idea 
of what this one single Western State will 
pour into our Eastern markets, and there 
will be half a dozen more States to join 
California in this work. The Eastern fruit 
crop is ou the whole heavy this year, so 
that there will be hard competition both at 
home and from Western shipments. Every 
grower should try to develop his home mar¬ 
ket as far as possible. There are thousands 
of little towns and cities all over the East¬ 
ern States which do not consume one-lmlf 
the fruit which they might easily be in¬ 
duced to do. This is good work for the 
local growers, aud they can take care of it 
to good advantage, if they will. The groat 
problem to-day is first of all to take care 
of the local market and ship the surplus 
to the larger market. In 90 per cent of 
the cases the local markets are not half 
supplied with vegetables and fruit. 
While we are giving the records of liens 
and cows and other champions, we must 
not forget the thrashing machines. As | 
many of our readers know, on the big grain 
fields of California, combination machines 
are used which drive into the field, cut 
the grain, thrash it, sack the grain and j 
sew up the sacks all at one operation. This | 
machine moves slowly through the field, 
leaving a track of straw and a succession 
of filled sacks behind it. One such engine ' 
at Arbuckle, California, is reported as 
turning out 2325 sacks, or 130 tons of 
thrashed grain in one day. When we com¬ 
pare this with the old system, which many 
of us can remember, of cutting down the 
grain with a cradle and thrashing it with 
a flail, we may well wonder what will be 
done half a century hence. 
Wlieat to Sow 
10 Big Yielders—Smooth and Bearded— 
Hardy and Reliable—Clean and Pure— 
Sold Right from Farm—Close Prices. 
If You Don’t, I,ike It WE TAKE IT BACK, 
RETURN YOUR MONEY & PAY FREIGHT 
Write for Wheat Catalog No. 33-IT IS FREE. 
A. H. HOFFMAN, Bamford, Lancaster Co., Pa. 
crpn WHPAT forsale-d awson’s 
'‘jDIvU VV I1LA I Golden Chaff. Good 
clean seed from a good crop. Price, $1.50 per bn. 
H. V. I). REEI), Amenia Union, Dutchess Co.,N.Y. 
QCCII U/IIC AT- Re l V'ave, smooth, re- 
OCXU nnCHI cleaned and grave. Planted 
Sept. 20th, lias made a yearly average of 40 bu. of 
grain and nearly two tons of straw per acre here on 
our farm. $1.75 per bn. LESLIE JEKFEKIS, 
Red Hill Farm, Bridgeport, Penna. 
Seed. Wlieat 
High yielding varieties: Poole, Gypsy, Mediterra¬ 
nean, Turkey Red, Rudy, .Mammoth White Rye 
Alfalfa, Timothy, etc. Samples and price list on ap 
plication. W. N, SCARCE, New Carlisle, O 
Inoculated Alfalfa Soil 
75c. per 100, or $10.00 per ton, f. o. b. cars Ashville, 
Pa. Send for free booklet. "Uow to Grow Al¬ 
falfa.' DR. H. SOMERVILLE, Chest Springs, Pa. 
Pot-Grown 
Strawberry Plants 
as shown in the cut are mpeh 
the best. The roots are all 
there — and good roots, too. 
If set out in August and Sep¬ 
tember will produce a crop 
of berries next dune. 1 have tho 
finest stock of plants in the New 
England States. Bend for Cata¬ 
logue and Price Inst 
C. S. PRATT, Reading, Mass. 
STRAWBERRY PLANTS 
Earliest, latest, largest, most productive varieties. 
$1.00 hundred, prepaid. Low thousand prices. Rasp, 
berry, blackberry, asparagus plants, fruit trees. 
Catalogue free. HARRY L. SQUIRE, Good Ground, N. Y. 
Now The FALL BEARING Strawberries. 
Send forT.C. KEVITT’S Catalogue, Athenia, N. J. 
CAM Bearing Strawberry Plants. Best varieties. 
IHLL Catalogue Free. BASIL PERRY, Cool Snrina, Del- 
ALFALFA SOIL FOR INOCULATION 
Send for Circular 
E. T. Gill, Haddon Farms, Haddonfield,N.J. 
700,000 Hardy Fruit Trees Wanting 
at wholesale prices. Cherries, 5 to 6 ft., 10c each; 4 to 
5 ft., 6c each. Genesee Valley grown, direct from 
nursery to planter. Write for free illns. catalogue. 
f. W. Wells Wholesale Nurseries, 10 Treeacres Road, Dansville, N. Y. 
APPLE 
GROWING 
The healthier the tree, the 
better the fruit. The longer 
trees are sprayed, with 
“SCALECIDE” the more 
beautiful, healthful and 
fruitful they become. "SCALECIDE” is the 
acknowledged leader of all soluble oils—the only otto 
containing distinct fungicidal properties. '\SCALE- 
CiDE” will positively kill all soft-bodied sucking in¬ 
sects without injury to the tree. Let us prove these 
statements. Send today for free booklet “SCALE- 
OIDE—the Tree Saver.”' Address B. G. PRATT 
CO., Mfg, Chemists, 50 Church St., N. Y. City. 
Calendar and CDCC 
Directions IllCC 
H I We make Bucket, Barrel, 
■ J Ilf W m Knapsack, 4-Row Potato 
■ ■■ P* Sprayers, Power Orchard Rigs — 
9 Sprayers of all kinds for all purposes. 
Automatic liquid agitators and strainer cleaners- 
up-to-date sprayer line. Ask for free spraying book. 
FIELD FORCE PUMP CO., 2 1 1 th St., Elmira, N. Y. 
APPLE BARRELS—Gar Lots or Less 
ItOIiT. GILLES MEDINA, N. Y. 
Miracle Wheat 
There is no miracle in getting a heavy 
yield if you plant this seed. Stools 
enormously, long stiff straw, 40 to 50 
Bushels Per Acre. Prices, Peck $1.00; ^4 Bush. $1.75; Bush. $3.00; 
10 Bush. $25.00. Quality Alfalfa and Crimson Clover and Timothy. 
STOKES’ SEED STORE, 219 Market St., Philadelphia 
In regard to the matter of “Mending a 
Broken Tree.” page 770. Mr. Blake’s advice 
to J. I’. C. is good. However, stakes driven 
into the ground close to the tree are likely 
to injure the roots, and will not hold the 
tree both above and below the break alike. 
A better way is to have the tree hold 
straight in place and cover the break with 
grafting wax airtight. Then wrap burlap 
around the break four or five thicknesses. 
This burlap should extend both above and 
below the break at least a foot or if possi¬ 
ble 18 inches. Then bind on, with stout 
cord, three or four hardwood, or at least 
stout sticks' that are long euough to reach 
as far as the burlap does. This wrapping 
should he put ou very snug, but should be 
taken off, loosened a little and rewrapped 
every two months until the tree is strong. 
Troperly done this is vastly better than 
tying to any sticks in the ground, and the 
tree could ho bent and broken at any other 
point before it would give way at the 
wound. J. R. C. 
Harvesting Buckwheat. —Having sowed 
some buckwheat I should like to profit by 
the experience of others as to the most 
economical method of harvesting. There has 
been very little buckwheat grown in this 
section in my time, and the old farmers 
all say use the cradle. My idea is to cut 
with a binder and .stand sheaves in pairs. 
If any of your readers have experience in 
this line I should like to hear it: if not. I 
should like the theory that would condemn 
the use of binder. a. d. b. 
Titusville, N. J. 
R. N.-Y.—Buckwheat is often hard to 
cure, being a rank, sappy grower. The 
bundles sometimes mould. The straw is 
often too short to make a good bundle. 
PROFITS FROM WHEAT AND OTHER CEREALS 
FOLLOW THE USE OF 
E. FRANK COE FERTILIZERS 
ILOS^-The Business Farmer’s Favorite For Over Fifty Years —1 Q 1 C> 
These Famous Brands Are Made on Honor and Have the 
QUALITY ™almm§ ECONOMY 
S AID the late Prof. Voorhees, when Director of the New Jersey Experiment 
Station:—“The Value of a fertilizer to the farmer depends not so much 
upon what is paid for it, as upon the character of the materials used to 
make it.” 
The superior character of the materials used in E. FRANK COE’S 
FERTILIZERS has been proven during over fifty years’ use by the best 
farmers and vegetable growers. 
Insist upon’ getting GENUINE E. FRANK COE BRANDS, not something 
said to be “just as good.” 
You will get seme helpful suggestions from eur literature, which is sent free if yeu mention 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
THE CO E-MORTIMER CO., 51 Chambers St., New York City 
