1912. 
&!90 
M X L 
N. Y. Exchange price $1.71 per 40-quart 
can, netting 3% cents in 2G-ccnt zone. 
THE RURAb NEW-YORKER 
BOSTON MILK. 
More harm has been done to the milk 
producing business in Massachusetts by the 
actions of the city health inspectors and 
some Boston daily papers, urged on and 
coached by the Consumers' League and its 
representative, in the last few weeks, than 
these people have any idea of. The results 
of their extremely foolish actions and false 
statements will be far reaching, and like 
the boomerang, will return to those who 
made them, causing them harm in the end 
as they are causing others, by wiping out 
a good percentage in the already small 
amount of milk produced in Massachusetts. 
This is just the opposite of what the 
League desires and wishes to bring about, 
as they are already anxious about the 
small quantity coming from dairies in this 
State and the large quantities coming from 
ever-increasing distances. 
It will harm by increasing the cost to 
the consuming public and give them a 
poorer product than they are now receiv¬ 
ing. which is also just the opposite of the 
result they are working for. A campaign 
of undeserved abuse, claiming conditions 
which do not exist, except in certain per¬ 
sons' imagination, is foolish business in 
the first place, and very harmful in its 
results to all parties interested, both sender 
aud receiver. It causes bitter feeling, 
which it will take a long time to heal, 
checks business and creates a state of un¬ 
rest and lack of confidence in the milk busi¬ 
ness. To read the several items printed 
lately in the Boston Journal would make 
one laugh were it not for the seriousness 
of this matter. A fool always thinks other 
people are fools, and if we go by this rule 
in this case the Consumers’ League and 
Boston Journal must be very unwise if they 
really believe the farmers "are such fools 
as they try to make them out. There are, 
it is true, some producers who are not pro¬ 
gressive. and are as bad in some ways as 
this paper states, but they are so small a 
percentage of the whole as to be no force 
at all in general production, and are prob¬ 
ably simply cited to bolster up a weak 
case, and make a lot of noise, as some peo¬ 
ple think noise goes a good way when 
they have no other stock in trade to fall 
back on. I know of a certain producer who 
has always sold a satisfactory product to a 
fairly critical and careful buyer, who has a 
barn, new a few years since, is careful and 
cleanly in the handling of his product, but 
because he gave a little back talk to the 
city inspector he had his milk refused in 
the Boston market, and as a result is sell¬ 
ing his stock and going out of the milk 
producing business. A little common sense 
and reason on the inspector’s part and also 
on the board's part would have had a dif¬ 
ferent result. This case is not alone; the 
same thing happens to others, and usually 
the result is the same, a close-out of the 
business. 
1 have talked with many producers; all 
seem to have the same feeling. Rather 
than stand any more unreasonable dicta¬ 
tion and orders to go to a large expense to 
make changes in their dairies and continue 
to conduct the business at little or no 
profit on account of small price received 
for the product, they will quit the business 
at once. In many cases where farmers 
have made changes and improvements 
asked for, in a year or two new ideas ap¬ 
pear. further changes, or different require¬ 
ments are demanded at still further cost. 
These things kill all confidence in the busi¬ 
ness and drive the dairymen to some other 
line of farming, or out of the business en¬ 
tirely. Many of the claims made by the 
League are lies wholly ; no truth in " them 
at all. especially the statements that there 
are more cows in Massachusetts than a 
year ago, and that grain is cheaper than 
at that time. In regard to hav having 
dropped in price $5 and $10 a to'n on ac¬ 
count of large crop, every party I have 
asked say they have no more total crop 
than last year, some say not as much, and 
the corn crop is poorer than last year in 
many sections. We fail to see one single 
reason why the price should not advance 
to the producer, and if the consumer really 
wants Massachusetts milk of course he 
must pay a reasonable price, not think he 
can dictate terms, conditions, price and 
everything, and leave the producer no 
voice in any of these matters, especially 
the price. This will never go down. 
a. e. p. 
CONTROL OF MOISTURE IN FARM-MADE 
BUTTER. 
We cannot be surprised that a regulation 
has been made which fixes the maximum 
moisture limit of butter. Most of our 
manufactured food stuffs must be limited 
within reasonable bounds. Some people 
who question the advisability of having a 
maximum limit of 16% water iu butter 
may be surprised to learn that in the soap 
industry, by skill and practice, hard soap 
has been made which contained 80% water. 
Probably no butter-maker could make good 
table butter with four-fifths water; never¬ 
theless instances are on record of butter 
containing 30 to 40% moisture. Nice, waxy 
butter may contain from about 11% to 
14V 2 or even 15 to 16% water. Of course 
some butter-makers can incorporate more 
moisture and still have waxy butter. It is 
usually best for the farmer to plan on not 
more thaD 14% water. It has been hinted 
that the incorporation of moisture in but¬ 
ter is an art. It may be. However, care¬ 
fulness is the key to the problem. 
1. Carefulness iu maintaining uniform 
temperature. 
2. Carefulness in having very nearly a 
uniform amount of cream in the churn. 
3. Carefulness in controlling the richness 
of the cream so that it will test very nearly 
the same per cent butter fat churning after 
churning. 
4. Carefulness in working, etc. 
Not long ago one of our classes in but- 
tor-making analyzed the butter immediately 
after the butter-milk has been drawn off 
rt contained 22.5% water. Then it was 
washed in the same amount of water that 
there was buttermilk and afterward the 
analysis showed 17.5% water. After salt- 
ing_ and working the butter contained 
15.5% water. The temperature of the 
cream was 54° F. The temperature of the 
wash water was 55° F. Now what might 
have happened if the churning temperature 
had been a few degrees higher? Probably 
the churning process would have taken so 
much less time that the butter would have 
been over-churned, and instead of it being 
in a nice pop-corn condition it would have 
been in large lumps, and therefore more 
moisture enclosed. 
What if the washing temperature had 
been higher? Most likely it would have 
made the butter soft, and consequently less 
moisture would have been expressed in the 
-working process. On the other hand, if 
the temperature of the wash water had 
been lower the butter would have been 
harder and more moisture expressed in 
working. 
A few Winters ago the writer instructed 
his class to use a churning temperature of 
56’ F. One squad made a mistake and 
used 66° F. It was our policy to regulate 
our temperatures so that the churning pro¬ 
cess would require from 30 to 45 minutes. 
As a result of the high temperature the 
butter came in 10 minutes in big lumps. 
™ shiQ S and 'working it contained 
33% moisture. The butter was so soft 
that practically no water was expressed in 
the working process. The only thing for 
us to do was to chill the butter and then 
work out the water the next day. On the 
following day we computed the number of 
pounds of water that should be worked 
out. When we had drawn off that weight 
of water we tested the butter and found 
that it contained 14.5% water. Of course 
the body of the butter was injured bv the 
excessive working, hut that was better'than 
to sell an adulterated product. 
It is apparent that the temperature is 
the most important factor in the control 
of moisture in butter. Our best cream¬ 
eries regulate the temperatures very ear 
fully, and they try to have the various 
factors affecting the incorporation of mois¬ 
ture in butter as uniform from day to day 
as possible. One or two degrees is often 
enough to make the difference between nor¬ 
mal and adulterated butter. 
In some way the farmer making butter 
should have a method of controlling the 
temperature of his cream during the ripen¬ 
ing process. An insulated box on the order 
of a fireless cooker would be a great help. 
A more sanitary apparatus would bo a 
water barrel. Such a barrel can bo easily 
prepared for the purpose. Instead of knock¬ 
ing the head in, cut off a cross section at a 
point just below the top of the can. The 
top cross section should be hinged to the 
lower part of the barrel. This top will 
fit nicely on the main barrel and keep out 
the warm air. The temperature of the 
water in the barrel should be controlled. 
Hot water could he poured in if necessary 
or cold water could be passed through. In 
either case take out the can and stir the 
water, and take the temperature with a 
thermometer anil not with the finger, for 
chance methods must not be used. In cool¬ 
ing with cold water it is well to pass it 
into the barrel at the bottom and let it 
overflow at the top. 
By using normal temperatures there is 
little danger of too much moisture being 
incorporated. But if high temperatures 
are used, watch out for Uncle Sam. A 
great deal of farm-made butter does not 
contain as much moisture as it should 
largely because it is washed at a tempera- 
ture that is too low, anrl the water is 
easily expressed from the resulting hard 
butter. Also, much of our dairy butter has 
the water expressed by over-working. All 
creameries should have a moisture test for 
butter, and many dairymen could well af¬ 
ford to have one. not only to keep them 
from paying an adulteration tax but to 
help them to improve their methods of 
manufacture, if there is not enough water 
in their butter. On many farms it would 
easily be possible to increase the moisture 
content of the butter two per cent anil 
still he within the law. Let us calculate 
what an increase of two per cent moisture 
would amount to in one year in a 10-cow 
dairy. The two per cent moisture is ap¬ 
proximately two per cent increase in over¬ 
run. Me will say that the cows average 
200 pounds of butter fat annually. The 
herd of 10 cows would yield 2.000 pounds 
of butter fat. An increase of two per 
cent over-run would lie an increase of 40 
pounds, at 25 cents per pound or $10 \ 
moisture test may be obtained for $10. On 
many farms the moisture test would he 
paid for in one year by the increase in 
over-run. and besides the farmer would 
have the satisfaction of knowing exactly 
how lie stands in relation to the law. The 
operation of the moisture test is as easy 
to learn as the Babcock test. 
Cornell University. e. s. ntminiE. 
TheWiscoiisin DairyGattle Farms 
W. H. TICHENOR, Westmoreland Farm, Oconomowoc, Wis. 
WESTERN REPRESENTATIVE 
Respectfully announce the opening of their East¬ 
ern Headquarters at GOSHEN, N. Y. 
Weekly shipments now arriving and comprise 
HItiHEST CLASS 
Holstein and Guernsey Grades 
1 borough inspection invited. We want you to 
trade with us continually as a satisfied customer 
Wo are budding a reputation as distributors of fine, 
Tuberculin-tested Cattle to improve the average 
yield of the Eastern Dairy Farms. 
SPECIAL”—To Arrive This Week 
35 GRADE GUERNSEYS 
all Springers, due to freshen in from two to six 
weeks: personally selected Guernseys by Mr. Tiche- 
nor and declared by him as fine a consignment as 
ever loft the State of Wisconsin. A number of 
choice Guernseys, ideal for family purposes, come in 
each consignment. For further information address 
W. D. GRAND, Eastern Representative, 
(4) 
Into the Lead 
Jumps LARRO-FEED 
Dairymen everywhere are enthusiastic over this 
wonderful new ready-mixed feed. No more 
bothersome mixing—no more waste—no more 
guesswork. A feed produced by the aid and experience 
ot the world’s greatest dairy experts—one that your 
cows will relish keenly, and yield you greatest milk 
Sv production. 
The New 
Ready- 
Mixed 
Ration— 
is a combination of choice Cottonseed Meal. Gluten Feed Distillers’ 
Grains, Dried Beet Pulp, Wheat Bran and Wheat Middlings. Every 3 
L ot 18 anal Y zed fthd tested both before and after mixing. It is 
■always the same—always good. Guaranteed free from all weed-seeds 
screenings, sweepings, etc.—an honest ration without cheap fillers. 
Our Specia l Trial Offer Go to your dealer — tell 
c —T”.— a -—— -him you want to try Larro- 
feed at our risk. Feed a 100-lb. sack; watch the results. If you 
are not pleased, we authorize your dealer to take back 
the unused sacks, without quibble or question, and to 
lefancl .y our money, making no charge for the 100 - * 
lb. trial sack. Try Larro-feed now, at our risk ' 
THE LARROWE MILLING CO. 
304 Gillespie Bldg., ‘^, l % 
Detroit, Mich. 
-V 
C* J. 
A 
-Ay 
Springdale Farm, 
Goshen, N. Y. 
FOR 20 Head of Grade Jersey Cattle 
CHIC 10 all young—6 Heifers, 18 
gflLt mouths old; four, 8 months old. 
C. E. STILES IRA STATION, N. T. 
DAIRY C ATTXjE 
!—GRADE HOLSTEINS— 
200 HEAD TO SELECT FROM 
We have some of the finest individuals and 
heaviest milking cows in Central New York. 
25 Head of Extra Fine Grade Guernseys 
due to freshen soon, also 
2 Car-Loads of Grade Holstein Heifers 
two years old, all nicely marked and in calf 
by registered bulls. 
F. P. SAUNDERS & SON, Certland, N. Y. 
SHETLAND PONIES 
An tincoasinff soorre of pleasure and robust health tochildren. 
Safe and ideal jilapniatos. Inexpensive to Keep. Highest type. 
Complete outfits. Satisfaction (tuiirantecd. Illustrated Cata¬ 
logue. BEI.LK MBAOK FARM, Box 20, Markham, Vo. 
P erclieron and Belgian Stallions and Mares for sale 
at farmers’ prices. A W. GREEN, Route I 
Aliddlefield. O. Railroad station. East Orwell, O. 
on L’enua. R.R., 30 miles north of Youngstown, o’ 
COLLIE PUPPIES-* 5 eaeh and up- CLARK 
UULLIC, rurriLO FARM, Boonton, New Jersey 
Si W X NT E 
East River Grade Holsteins 
.. .FOR SALE... 
40 Cows just Fresh 50 Holstein Heifers 2 yrs. old 
30 “ due in Aug. 40 Yearling Heifers 1 yr. old 
100 " due Sept., Oct., Nov. 5 Reg. Bulls ready forservice 
All the Cows and Heifers are 
HighGradesand will please you. 
PUON'K JOHN B. WKI5STER 
3U-F-5 Dept. It, Cortland, N. Y. 
TWO JERSEY DUROC BOARS-gr.’Lffi 1 ft 
your name. Price, $10 ea ch. C. T. Ridley, Brunswick. Me. 
DUROC PIG^ P|,:mGRKKI> - per pair. 
UUHUU rnjo Sereno Q, 'Wee ks. I)e<* raft, <>. 
OHELOON FARM registered Durocs. Pigs of both sex 
B>ed Sows. Service Hoars. Best ot breeding 
C. K. BAKNKS, Oxford, N. V. 
Plfi<h -DON ’ TBL:Y UNTIL YOU WRITE ME 
llUO MAltKLEY, ALLENDALE, N. j'. 
GUINEA PIGS 
W. L. PRIZER, 29 Broadway, New York 
LILITH PRIZE, 181944 
Born March 15, 1912 
Albino Segis Korndyke, 181085 
Born May 2, 1912 
Two wonderfully fine-bred Holstein Heifers for 
sale at a bargain. P. A. WEBSTER, Cazenovia, N. Y. 
Beg. HOLSTEIN MALE CALVES 
.$20 to $25 
Cheaper than you can purchase elsewhere, quality 
considered. Choicely bred, fine individuals. 
Satisfaction Guaranteed. 
HILLHURST FARM..F. H. Rivenburgh, Prop.. Munnsville, N.Y. 
HAVE SIX THOROUGHBRED 
HOLSTEIN BULL CALVES FOR SALE 
from three to six months old, from selected stock. 
Also some very fine grade HOLSTEIN HEIFERS. 
P. B. McLennan, 412 Court House, Syracuse, N. Y. 
Holstein-Friesian Bull Calves 
offer. THE GATES HOMESTEAD FARM, Chitteoaogo', N. Y. 
ONTARIO SEGIS WITH00RN 
born Jan. 19, 1912. Superbly marked Holstein bull 
5-6 white, by King Menelik, out of A. R. O. dam 
First check for $50 gets him. Send for pedigree! 
LLOVEIiDALE 1AKM, Charlotte, N. Y. 
ing breeds of sheep and swine. Write for sale list 
If You Want Guernseys s L" s d t fo of th th^Ew lS YORK 
GUERNSEY BREEDERS’ ASSOCIATION, Box 98, PeSl N Y 
FERN’S JUBILEE NO. 73852 
is ono of tho BEST 
“Butter-Bred” Jersey Bulls eWorld 
lie is six years old. and the cows at Laurel Farm 
are mostly his daughters. He is right iu his prime 
hut we can t use him longer. Also have several of 
his young sons. Will make a low price on them, 
or will I’KADK FOIi FKESU COWS, either 
purebred or grade Jerseys. 
J. GRANT MORSE - Hamilton, N. Y. 
0. I. C. SWINE BOARS FOR SALE 
ready forservice; of September litter. Also Guern¬ 
sey hull calf 4 months old. Grandson of George 
Washington. These will go at a bargain as T an, 
closing out my stock. All stock registered and in 
good condition. J. PUGM, Station A, East Liverpool, Ohio. 
0.1. C.’S Of Superior Quality Service Boars, Gills, Spring Pig*, 
Eons, $1.5l) per 15. Fred Nickel, 1 'Monroe, Mich! 8 R f Nn°L 
REGISTERED YORKSHIRES 
Healthy, well-grown stock, all ages. Boars ready for 
service and Fist weaned. If on arrival stock is not 
as represented 111 your op inion, return same and we 
will rotund money. Raritan Valley Farms, Snmerville.N.J. 
ALFALFA LODGE YORKSHIRES^? 1 * 
CHOICE LOT OF SPRING PIGS; trios not akin! 
J. G. LIJKH8, Box J72, Rochester, N. Y. 
I ARGE YORKSHIRES^. Sows bred for June and August 
L. (arrow. Boars ready for service. May pigs. 
order now. Glknmar k Farm, Robertsville, Conn. 
Reg. P. Chinas, Berkstiires, C. Whites! 
~ ' Fine, large strains; all ages, mated 
not akin. Bred sows service Boars 
Jersey and Holstein Calves. Collio 
HOGS and P0ULTRY“ Mam,no ^ h ^ >e ^ u 
_ t . ** and Indian Run* 
nor Duck Lggs, White and Drown Leghorn Eggs 
cUm'wtrm, B tia. l Yja i 'aA w ha. l ii: 
LARGE BERKSHIRES AT HIGHWOOD 
Summer offering of pigs, both sexes, uot akin 
■j&yguhB'* t ‘nmgisriri* 
SPRINGBANK BERKSHIRES.-{&„•* 
in Connecticut. Sows bred for April litters all sold 
Have 4 sows bred to farrow in July; late, to ser¬ 
vice of Watson s Masterpiece. Will book orders 
for March and April pigs now. Send for now 
Booklet. J. E. W ATS0N. Piuorietor, Marbledale, Conn. 
j DAIRY CATTLE | 
FOR SALE-JERSEY BULLS 
Age. lyr. down. Dams have qualified or on test for 
Register of Merit A. J. C. O. Sire, Goldie’s Jap of 
Mendale No. 8;>989.1 uberenlin free. liKKKSM I Bid 
SOWS; BRED GILTS. Granddaughters ot 
Berryton Duke, Jr., bred to King Edward, Jr 
Everything Registered. For Fedigrees and Prices' 
Chas, B, Dayton, S upt., SHELOONCROFT, Silver Lake, Pa. 
—Jersey Bull Calves 
, -J you can afford to 
buy. Superior dairy dams. No better sires, li. F. 
SHANNON. 907 Liberty Street, Pittsburg, Fa 
Breed Up—Not DownToT 
Purebred Registered 
HOLSTEIN CATTLE 
How do your cows measure up to the average regis¬ 
tered Holstein! Over 675 pounds of commercial butter 
is the average yearly yield of full agod A. R. O. cows, 
and six cows have made yearly records of more than 
half a ton of butter. 
With the cost of milk production constantly increasing, 
you need large-yield cows that are easily fed. strong, 
healthy, long-lived and capable of producing healthy calves! 
Get a start with Holsteins; it’s the easiest way to increase 
dairy profits and the value of your herd. 
Send for Free Illustrated Descriptive Booklets. They 
contain valuable information for any Dairyman 
HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN ASS’N, F. L. HOUGHTON. Secy, Box 105. Brattleboro, Vt. 
