©62 
5FHB RURAL, NEW-YORKER 
September 14, 
A GOOD NEW PLUM. 
I am sending by this mail samples of 
another new plum of the Japanese type, 
a long keeper, too. I do not know the 
parentage of this one, but the tree re¬ 
sembles Burbank somewhat, but not 
quite so sprawly. It is a good bearer, 
and the plums do not drop as soon as 
ripe, like many of the Japanese type. 
The skin is very thick and tough, pro¬ 
tecting the fruit from birds, even to 
some extent.curculio, and rot does not 
trouble them much. The flesh is very 
firm when picked in the right condition 
for market, and remains firm for a 
week or two after they are ripe, but 
after long keeping the flesh becomes 
soft, but not very watery as some varie¬ 
ties. The samples have been picked a 
week or more, yet I think you will find 
them in good condition, still quite firm. 
As to the quality, I leave you to judge. 
It is not a freestone, but does not cling 
as much as some others. I believe the 
color is attractive enough for a market 
plum; it is not so dark when first 
NEW SEEDLING- PLUM. Fig. 400. 
picked, and just right for market. I 
think Bell’s Purple or September Pur¬ 
ple would be good names for this plum. 
The latest ripening plum of the Japan¬ 
ese type I have is “Bell’s Late”; they 
are ripening now (August 26) earlier 
than usual. levi bell. 
Rockland Co., N. Y. 
R. N.-Y.—Fig. 400 shows one of 
these plums, natural size. It is very 
firm and thick-skinned, dark reddish 
purple, and very agreeable in flavor. It 
would seem to be an excellent plum for 
shipping. 
r 
Small Engines on Harvesters. 
Several Subscribers .—In past years there 
have been reports of harvesting in the West 
by the use of small gas engines. It is said 
that these engines are fitted on the har¬ 
vester so as to move its working parts 
alone. This leaves the team to pull the 
weight of the harvester only. They do not 
have to provide the power for cutting and 
binding the grain. The reports are that in 
wet seasons and on moist ground this 
little engine may save the crop, since the 
harvester often mires or sleds so that the 
wheels do not turn. Are these reports true 
and are these engines at work this year? 
Off and on, we hear a number of re¬ 
ports of gasoline engines being used in 
operating harvesting machinery. The 
greatest movement along this line per¬ 
haps was a few years ago when the 
excessive rains made it difficult to run 
machines in the Red River Valley, and 
various devices operated with the en¬ 
gines were conceived. Among others 
most unique was one in which the 
binder was mounted within a large rim 
of a wooden watering tank. We heard 
that the man operated it successfully 
upon one field, and upon changing to 
another field across the road, the tank 
collapsed, due to the hard road-bed. 
So far as we are informed, these means 
for harvesting grain are the exception 
rather than the rule. I am inclined to 
think that the reports have been some¬ 
what exaggerated, due to the novelty of 
the device. c. P. bull. 
Minn. Agricultural College. 
You speak of the use of small gaso¬ 
line engines in running the working 
parts of reaping or harvesting ma¬ 
chinery. The situation has not changed 
materially since a year ago. There have 
been a number of such installations 
made, some working satisfactorily and 
some have been more or less of a fail¬ 
ure. The thing seems to be in an ex¬ 
perimental stage, with some factors to 
be worked out that have not yet been 
entirely completed, but I believe that 
there is a possibility in such combina¬ 
tion of power that eventually it will be¬ 
come a very common practice. Here 
in the West the farmers are practically 
all of them familiar with the operation 
of gasoline engines for pumping and 
running grinding machinery and auto¬ 
mobiles, and an adaptation of the engine 
to the purposes above mentioned is not 
hindered because of lack of experience 
in the operation of such power. 
ED. H. WEBSTER. 
Kansas Agricultural College. 
Handling 500 Barrels of Apples. 
./. IF. r., Bergen Co., N. J\ —I will have 
about 500 to 000 barrels of apples, prin¬ 
cipally Greenings, Kings and Baldwins. I 
would like to get all the information possi¬ 
ble regarding the marketing and packing of 
these apples, bow they should be sorted 
and packed, and when is the best time to 
start to pick them. My idea is to put them 
into cold storage about the middle of Oc¬ 
tober. and hold them for better prices 
around January and February. 
Ans. —We shall print the best infor¬ 
mation we can obtain as to handling 
about this quantity of apples. The crop 
is large this year and many apples will 
be thrown upon the market early. Prob¬ 
ably bulk shipments will be made—that 
is, fruit piled into box cars without 
packages. This fills the markets with 
peddlers’ fruit and keeps down the 
price. It will be better, if possible, to 
hold your apples off the market until 
December at least. The time of picking 
will depend upon the season. It is later 
than usual this year and probably Oc¬ 
tober 1 will be a good time to start. 
Get the fruit off the trees as quickly 
as possible, handle it like eggs and put 
it into storage at once. Do not let it 
lie on the ground to “sweat,” but barrel 
and store as rapidly as possible. After 
freezing weather comes and local prices 
recover it will pay you to advertise in 
the local papers and sell boxed fruit. 
Take out a few barrels at a time, re¬ 
pack in boxes, making two grades, and 
cither arrange with some grocer to 
handle them or make direct delivery. 
Sell the Greenings first. Be sure to 
pack evenly and so that apples will not 
rattle in the box, and advertise freely. 
In this way you ought to sell this fruit— 
if it is good—for at least 50 per cent 
more than you could get on the general 
market. Of course we assume that the 
trees were sprayed and that the fruit 
is free from blemish and worms. If 
not, this advice is worthless. 
Cutworms and Kainit.- —In regard to 
your recent article on “Cutworms and 
Kainit,” the pest that destroys my neigh¬ 
bor’s berries is not the cutworm but the 
white grub. This worm works under the 
ground and eats off the roots. I used 400 
pounds of kainit to an acre, sowed broad¬ 
cast, early in March in newly plowed 
ground, and set my plants four weeks 
later. I have the best results. While 
my neighbors are losing most of their 
berries, I am losing very few. Kainit 
does not kill the white grub, but drives it 
further in the ground, where they can do 
no harm and finally die. J. s. 
Rossville, N. Y. 
Notes on Peaches. —We have just about 
got through with the siege of marketing 
the crop of Greensboro, August 26, having 
lasted just about two weeks. It is easily 
bruised. We like the Carman better, but 
the Greensboro comes so, much earlier that 
the two can be handled nicely in the same 
orchard if one has a local trade for them, 
or is near market. We used the Georgia 
carrier, picked from the trees and placed 
direct in the tills, and made the mistake 
at first of picking a little too soon. They 
do not want to be picked by the usual 
rule of taking them off when they come 
off when given a sidewise twist, as they 
should be allowed to ripen as much as 
possible on the trees, so they will come off 
very easily. They are then far better 
quality, more nearly perfectly free and at 
the same time much more delicate and re¬ 
quire great care in handling. We found 
that it paid to take time to place them 
neatly in the tills, making them fit closely, 
without squeezing, and that the square- 
cornered stiff tills were better than the 
roifnd ones; also that the peach cushions 
were a great help in keeping them from 
moving about on the long trips. We have 
carried Greensboro in this way on spring 
wagon 25 or 30 miles, and when properly 
picked and carefully handled give very good 
satisfaction for an early peach, though 
lacking the richer flavor of the Carman. 
Where picked too soon, they are often 
bitter and cling more, and do not give 
satisfaction. There is room for a fruit 
' grower to use his skill to the full extent 
in the production of the highest quality 
Greensboro and getting them to the con¬ 
sumer in satisfactory condition. We picked 
the trees over every day when possible, 
b'ut that was not so during the wet 
weather, but it pays if one can do it. Ont 
should go largely by the color, allowing 
them to hang until they show the creamy 
white tint and come off very easily. In 
doing this a heavy storm takes off many, 
and trees should be very low-headed, and 
the ground covered with old hay, as for 
local marketing the windfalls in this way 
sell readily at slight reduction and give 
splendid satisfaction. We were afraid that 
the self-boiled lime-sulphur spray put on 
last would make trouble, but the peaches 
swell up and the spots do not show much 
and seemed to make no trouble. We had 
hardly finished spraying, or when we saw 
the spray dry on, we began to worry 
about its getting off before the fruit got 
ripe, but would not again try to handle 
a crop of peaches without it. It would be 
a pity to grow Greensboro to ship to 
market, as when properly ripened for best 
satisfaction to the consumer it would be 
difficult to handle, and when picked in the 
usual manner for shipment it would make 
trouble. We found this out and changed 
our plan o.f picking, as when one meets 
the consumer face to face and comes the 
third, fourth or fifth time with the same 
variety, they have got to be just as good 
as lie can get them or they will not sell. 
More and more I am convinced that when 
competition gets sharper the man who 
works for quality will be surer of winning 
out. By using nitrate of soda and dried 
blood we were able to hold part of the 
crop a week later, which was a great help 
to us. i. c. R. 
Livingston Co., N. Y. 
EASTERN APPLE TROPHY 
to bo awarded at 
THE AMERICAN LAND AND 
IRRIGATION EXPOSITION 
DONATED BY 
THE COE-MORTIMER COMPANY 
Continuing its policy of encouraging apple 
growing in the East, The Coe-Mortimer 
Company offers the .Magnificent Eastern 
Apple Trophy (a $750.00 Sterling Silver 
Prize Cup) for the best 15 boxes of Eastern 
Grown Apples shown at the American 
Land and Irrigation Exposition in 1912. 
Eastern Growers of Good Apples this 
is Year Opportunity ! 
You have contended that your apples are 
superior to those of the West—here is the 
opportunity of a lifetime to prove it! 
The 15 boxes of apples for which the 
COE-MORTIMER cup is offered may 
be any 3 varieties, but there must be not 
less than 5 boxes of each variety. 
THIS OFFER IS OPEN TO EVERY FRUIT GROWER IN 
NEW ENGLAND, NEW YORK, NEW JERSEY, 
PENNSYLVANIA, DELAWARE, MARYLAND 
AND VIRGINIA. TERRITORY NOT MEN¬ 
TIONED IS NOT INCLU0E0 IN THE 
COMPETITION, 
There are no “strings” on this offer. 
The best apples win the cup, whether our 
fertilizers are used or not. 
No one connected with THE COE- 
MORTIMER COMPANY will have 
anything to do with judging the apples or 
awarding the prize. 
It is expected that the apples will be judged by Prof. H. E. Van Deman, formerly 
United States Government Pomologist. 
Full information concerning contest, together with score-card and entry blank, gladly sent 
to every bruit Grower who mentions THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
We honestly believe that your chances of winning the cup will be very much better if 
you use Qenuine Thomas Phosphate Powder or E. Frank. Coe ’s Fertilizers. Of course 
you know that the apples that wen the International Cup, the Gov. Foss Cup and the 
Gov. Pothier Shield at the New England Fruit Show in October, 1911, were raised with 
GENUINE THOMAS PHOSPHATE POWDER (Key-Tree Brand.) 
Why Not Put YOUR Fruit in the Prize Winning Class by Purchasing 
GENUINE THOMAS PHOSPHATE POWDER 
Key-Tree Brand 
FROM 
The Coe-Mortimer Co. ? 51 Chambers Street, New York 
Our Booklet, “Up-to-Date Fruit Growing with Thomas Phosphate Powder," is sent free on request. 
[ Just How Much It 
Pays to Know “How to 1 
i Grow and Market Fruit" 
What would it mean to you. in dot- 
I lars and cents, to fret thirty or forty 
cents more a bushel for your fruit than 
you have been getting ? 
Wouldn t you make a good round sum of money if 
you knew how to make your youn g fruit trees producepaying 
crops one to four years earlier than they usually do. 
To tell you and show you aliout these things, and every- 
I thing else connected with producing heavy crops of perfect 
fruit every year and packing it to sell for high prices, we 
wrote fifty thousand words last summer, from our orchard¬ 
ing experience, made a couple of hundred s]>erial pictures, 
and put this material into a 150-page book which is called 
“How to Grow and Market Fruit” 
j You will find it to be a practical, meaty, reliable, up-to- 
date, and usable manual on fruit-growing-, and you may 
have a copy for fifty cents, or j?et it free by sending us an 
order for trees amounting to or more. If you buy the 
book now, we will relate the 50 cents any time you 
send the order. Why not order a copy during the 
next five minutes? 
Ask for “The How and Why of 
shade Trees and Evergreens’—a 64- 
page book, free. Complete catalog of the 
best fruit trees growti in America also 
free on request. Come to Berlin and 
see how we grow trees. Splendid 
] Eastern Shore farms for sale. 
HARRISON’S NURSERIES 
Trappe Ave., Berlin, Maryland^ 
“BLACK’S QUALITY” 
FRUIT TREES 
NONE BETTER 
None Give Better Returns when They Fruit 
Buy Direct From the Nursery 
and save agent’s discounts and middleman’s 
profits. When you buy our trees you get a 
Dollar’s Worth of Trees 
« 
for every one hundred cents you remit to us. 
PEACH and APPLE TREES 
a specialty. CATALOGUE FREE 
JOS. H. BLACK, SON <& CO. 
_ H1GHTSTOWN. N. J. _ 
Apple, Peach, Pear Trees 
(~)UR nursery stock is raised right—it is the best 
you can buy. Clean, strong, well-formed 
trees that are vigorous and true to variety—trees 
that will reach maturity—tlie kind YOU want. 
We also have a fine stock of Dwarf Fruit Trees. 
Careful attention given to shipping and packing. 
Satisfaction guaranteed Prices reasonable 
Write for Illustrated Catalog. 
ARTHUR J. COLLINS, Box R., Moorestown, N.J. 
FRUIT TREES at Wholesale 
Apples $7.00 per 100, Cherries $5.00, Peaches $5.00, 
Pears $6.00. All trees GUARANTEED First-class’ 
True to Name ami free from .Scale and disease. 
Send for new fall price list, and for 1912 Cata¬ 
log if you do not have one. WM. J. REILLY 
Nurseries. Box 68. Dansville, N. Y. 
NEW PITKUS RYE 
This new Russian Rye has proved much 
superior to any other variety both in yield 
and quality. We have a fine lot of seed 
which we are selling at a low price. 
Hairy or Sand Vetch 
We offer pure seed of our own growing 
of this year's crop, at $8.70 per bushel. 
Also rye and vetch mixed, J4 vetch and 
3£ rye, at $2.75 per bushel (56 lbs.) This mix 
ture makes an excellent cover crop and is 
much cheaper than to buy the two seeds 
separate. 
We also offer Seed Wheat, Grass Seeds, etc. 
Price list free. 
JOSEPH HARRIS GO. Seed 
Growers 
COLDWATER, N. Y. 
Seed WLl eat 
High yielding varieties: Poole, Gypsy, Mediterra¬ 
nean. Turkey Red, Rudy, Mammoth White Rye{ 
Alfalfa. Timothy, etc. Samples ami price list on ap¬ 
plication. W. N. 8CAKFF, New Carlisle, O. 
700,000 Hardy Fruit Trees planting 
at wholesale prices. Cherries, 5 to 6 ft., 10c each; 4 to 
5 ft., 6o each. Genesee Valley grown, direct from 
nursery to planter. Write for free illus. catalogue. 
I. W. Wells Wholesale Nnrseries, 10 Treeacrcs Road, Dansville, N. Y. 
First-Class FRUIT TREES 
FOR FALL PLANTING. Propagated from 
trees of known merit. True to name. No scale. 
SAMUKL PHASER, Rox C, Geneseo, N. Y. 
KING’S FRUIT TREES 
are purchased by the best orchardists. Send for 
free catalog now. Big discounts for Fall Delivery. 
KING BROS. NURSKRIKS, Dansville, N.Y. 
“It’s Cheapest to Buy the Best” 
TREES and PLANTSi^L^f-^l’i 1 . 
prices. Big supply Apple and Peach Trees, Privet 
Hedging. The Westminster Nursery, Westminster, Mil. 
APPLE BARRELS—Car Lots or Less 
ROBT. GILLIKS 
MEDINA, N. Y. 
FAY & WILDER CURRANT BUSHES 
Very fine, 2 year old, true to name. $18 per M 
J. F. WYGANT, Marlboro, New York 
NowThe FALL BEARING Strawberries- 
Send for T. C. KEVITT’S Catalogue, Athenia, N. J. 
PA I I Bearing Strawberry Plants. Best variel ics. 
I HLL Catalogue Free. BASIL PERRY. Cool Spring, Del. 
STRAWBERRY PLANTS 
Earliest, latest, largest, most productive varieties. 
$1.00 hundred, prepaid. Low thousand prices. Rasp¬ 
berry, blackberry, asparagus plants, fruit trees. 
Catalogue free. HARRY L. SQUIRE, Good Ground, N. Y. 
