064 
I’ERCHERON BREEDING IN THE U. S. 
In the past, the breeding of Percherons 
of' the best type has been retarded in the 
United States because of the limited num¬ 
ber of breeding animals from which selec¬ 
tion could be made. The fact that the 
available animals were widely scattered 
over a vast area of territory still further 
handicapped the work of constructive 
breeders. Selection and assembling of the 
best females was impossible. These condi¬ 
tions still prevail in some degree, but much 
less than formerly. An analysis of the 
registration of American-bred animals made 
between August 1, 1910, and May 1, 1912, 
has recently been completed by the Perch- 
cron Society of America. This covers 
most of the colts foaled in 1909 and 1910, 
some over-age animals, and a few 1911 
colts. While it does not represent two 
full years’ registrations, it does give a very 
definite line on the distribution of Perch- 
eron mares, and the location and relative 
importance of various breeding districts. 
Illinois and Iowa are preeminent as 
breeding districts. These two States con¬ 
tributed 50 per cent of the Percherons re¬ 
corded. Ohio, Kansas, Nebraska and In¬ 
diana are the States next in line and to¬ 
gether bred 22.8 per cent of the animals 
recorded in the time mentioned. Minnesota 
and Wisconsin follow closely, and Missouri 
takes an unexpectedly high rank, standing 
ninth. This is due to the rapid develop¬ 
ment of draft horse breeding in the north 
half of the State, where conditions are 
very similar to those prevailing in the 
corn belt States. 
The judgment of the most experienced 
buyers of draft horses for market purposes 
is to the effect that more good draft horses 
can be purchased in Iowa and Illinois than 
anywhere else in the United States. The 
three leading States are those oldest_ in 
draft horse breeding. Ohio was earliest 
with Percheron importations in 1851, but 
Illinois breeders purchased the greatest of 
the early sires—Louis Napoleon—in 1856, 
and between that time and 1880 imported 
many times more Percherons than Ohio. 
Iowa breeders started with the breed al¬ 
most as soon as their co-laborers in Illinois 
and, like Illinois, established a greater 
number of breeding centers than Ohio, 
prior to 1880. From these three States, 
pioneers in draft horse breeding, _ thfc 
spread has been gradual into adjoining 
States. It is a matter of surprise that In¬ 
diana, lying midway between Illinois and 
Ohio, should have made less progress in 
recent years than Kansas and Nebraska. 
Percherons are to-day the most popular 
breed of draft horses in the world, and 
far outnumber all the other purebred draft 
horses in the United States. There has 
never been a time when the industry was 
on a firmer foundation, nor a better time 
for creative breeders to devote their best 
efforts to the development of better Per¬ 
cherons than the world has yet produced. 
WAYNE DINSMORE, 
Secretary Percheron Society of America. 
SUMMER SILAGE OF CLOVER. 
IT. O. Daniels of Connecticut makes a 
good statement for the Massachusetts Board 
of Agriculture. He uses clover in the silo 
for Summer feeding, and says: 
“We found that by growing fields of 
corn oats and clover we could get results 
in crop production far in excess of a con¬ 
tinuous cropping of corn alone, and we are 
able to prove that 36 acres, producing one 
year of corn, one of oats and clover, one 
of clover, and then back to corn again, will 
produce more tons of silage in these three 
or four years than we ever grew in the 
same length of time where corn was the 
continuous crop. In this system it is pos¬ 
sible to produce eight to 10 tons of clover 
and oat silage as a first crop, with a chance 
for a good second crop of clover rowen 
or silage the same year, and in the year 
following eight to 10 tons of clover silage 
per acre as a first crop, and also a good 
second crop for silage or rowen hay. 
“To bring this matter down to the latest 
experiences we find the best results are 
gained by planting corn on the clover sod 
in the Spring following the second year’s 
growth of clover, using 15 to 20 loads of 
stable manure per acre; then follow the 
next year with oats, 1% to two bushels 
drilled per acre, with eight quarts of clover 
seed, mixing five or six quarts o.f Red 
clover and two or three quarts of Alsike 
and three quarts of Timothy, sowing these 
after the oats, and lightly harrowing in 
and rolling, sowing one-half ton of burnt 
lime or one ton of raw limestone per acre, 
and harrowing thoroughly into the soil be¬ 
fore sowing the oats or clover seed. 
“The following Fall or Winter season, 
or early in the following Spring, top-dress 
this clover with 10 loads of stable manure, 
and grow a maximum crop of clover silage. 
In harvesting these silage crops we cut the 
clover with a mower, load with a hay 
loader on our flat platform wagons and 
haul to the cutter, throwing off on to a 
table or platform on a level with the top 
of the cutter, and cut all into half-inch 
lengths and pack in the silo. After this 
clover crop, which is part Timothy, is 
stored away in the silo, for the first three 
or four weeks the silage will come out hot, 
and we spray water on the same while 
filling the silage trucks before feeding the 
cows; but after three or four weeks the 
silage becomes cured, and a sweeter, more 
palatable food can hardly be furnished, 
and nothing will be more relished by the 
dairy cow. Personally we feel that even if 
we could grow corn enough to supply our 
herd all the year we would prefer to fill 
and feed clover silage during the months 
of June, July and August. Other good 
Summer silage feeds are Alfalfa, with a 
mixture of Orchard grass, or Timothy, or 
the crop of oats and clover grown to¬ 
gether. After the crop-rotation system is 
well established we find we have enough 
silage with the second year’s growth of 
clover, and we put the oats and clover of 
the first year into the hay mow. 
“Dr. Jenkins of the Connecticut (New 
Haven) Experiment Station has analyzed 
this Summer silage, and reports it about 
three times as rich in protein when made 
of oats and clover, and four or five times 
when made of clover alone, as the corn 
Ullage, and feeding results in producing 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
September 14, 
milk prove these facts. Professor Esten 
of the Connecticut Agricultural College re¬ 
ports the composition of clover silage _ as 
almost identical to the composition of milk, 
or, in other woi'ds, a ration of clover silage 
is almost perfect for the production of 
milk.” _ 
CONNECTICUT STATE BOARD MEETING. 
The annual Summer meeting ojf the 
Connecticut State Board of Agriculture 
was held at Vine Ilill Farm, West Hart¬ 
ford, August 20, by invitation of the host, 
Mr. Beach, who, in his address of welcome, 
said that of its half-century history, Vine 
Hill has never been a “show” farm, but 
one run along commercial lines. Butter 
making in its earlier days at 80 cents per 
pound has given way to sanitary milk pro¬ 
duction that is very satisfactory, Jersey 
milk for fancy trade at 13 cents per quart 
is about equally divided with the Ayrshire 
herd of 75 cows that supply the babies 
with four per cent milk at 15 cents per 
quart. Remodeled stables hold 100 cows 
in one barn, and are models of light, ven¬ 
tilation and cleanliness. Being located on 
a high ridge. Vine Hill Farm commands a 
wonderful view; at its feet, to the east, 
flows the Connecticut River, and in both 
directions, as far as the eye can reach, 
tower the ranges of hills that form the 
boundaries of the Connecticut River Val¬ 
ley. Here we find nature’s loveliest estate, 
and the memory of that day’s visit lingers 
with you. President W. IT. Lee, of the 
Connecticut State Board, introduced Presi- 
■dent G. Warren Davis, of the Connecticut 
Dairymen’s Association, who spoke of the 
business man’s interest in agriculture, say¬ 
ing that the Connecticut Dairy Association 
owed Vine Hill Farm a debt of gratitude 
for the example that it has given them. 
This farm, through its superintendent, Mr. 
Stadtmueller, has been a pioneer along 
progressive lines of high class dairying, 
and we may say has set the pace for 
others. President Davis also emphasized 
the fact that Connecticut dairymen suffer 
by low production of cows, and aci'es; the 
scales and daily record and raising better 
cows must change the one, and that a 
crop rotation will help the latter. “Busi¬ 
ness men must assist in the labor ques¬ 
tion,” was advocated, and Mr. Davis 
sounded the keynote when he urged that 
a State or Government dairy counsellor 
should be provided to assist our dairy¬ 
men in the work. The Connecticut Dairy 
Association believes in milk inspection and 
inspectors, but the recent action of the 
Rhode Island milk inspection authorities, 
who recently had 61 farmers before the 
Hartford court and submitted to a fine of 
840 each, was condemned roundly for its 
injustice of principle on which the in¬ 
spection was made. A bill should be put 
before the next Legislature requiring a 
duplicate of samples when making a tes.t. 
and that all bottles used must be sterilized 
and sealed, and two chemists shall make 
the final tests. President Davis stated that 
notwithstanding the higher price of milk, 
there is a decrease of 16,000 cows in Con¬ 
necticut. He advocated the growing of 
corn, clover and Alfalfa, and Professor 
Esten of Storrs claims a value of $40 in 
nitrogen per aci’e of clover and Alfalfa. 
Supferiintendent Stadtmueller gave his 
150 hearers some nuts to crack that are 
truly advanced ideas of the day. Farmers 
work harder than the mill labor of to¬ 
day. Farmers are often misrepresented by 
the city element, especially in the high 
cost of living as agitated to-day. At 
pi-esent prices he believes that beef pro¬ 
duction in the East can be accomplished, 
and it will come again, but not by any 
political party. “Know your rights, 
brother farmers, and you will get them,” 
was his final shot. The principal address 
of the hour was by Elmer D. Howe, of 
Marlboro, Mass., taking as his subject, 
“Milk That Needs No Washing, and What 
It Costs to Make It.” “Milk can’t be 
washed,” said one. No, neither is butter 
fat alone wanted, but clean milk. Milk has 
a commercial value on its low bacteria 
count, and not the fat per cent only. A 
modern daix - y barn affords a help to this 
end—in which light, ventilation system 
and cement floors and walls are found. 
Better care of cows, which includes groom¬ 
ing, washing of udder, inxpi-oved milk pails 
and clean clothes of milkers are strong 
factors. Sterilization of dairy utensils, 
bottles, etc., an abundance of ice, are the 
price of success. Mr. Howe exhibited many 
photographs of his own remodeled dairy 
barn, which is constructed along the lines 
advocated, and keeps 40 cows on 38 acres 
of tillage land, and five horses. Selling 
milk at seven to eight cents was found un¬ 
profitable at the end of one year, so ad¬ 
vanced price to nine and 10 cents, and 
kept the trade. He declai-ed that milk 
will not pay the farmer at less than six 
cents at the farm. Mr. Ilowe gave a 
highly interesting account of his bookkeep¬ 
ing, by which he determined the cost of 
his herd's daily ration to be net $17, and 
that an average daily production of 280 
quarts was worth $16.80 at six cents whole¬ 
sale. Mr. Howe also gave figures on the 
cost of selling milk at three cents per 
quart, which is above the general estimate 
put on the work. 
As evidence that farmers are not mak¬ 
ing much at less than cost, he stated that 
in his own vicinity there are 10 farxxis, 
equipped with silos and stables for 250 
cows, that are not making any milk at all; 
that there are 25,000 less cows in Massa¬ 
chusetts than 10 years ago. The speaker 
was accorded a unanimous vote of thanks 
and after an inspection of the herd at 
milking time the guests departed with 
pleasant memories of Vine Hill Farm and a 
day’s outing full of enjoyment, c. M. a. 
New Haven Co., Conn. 
Thoroughpin. 
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and what is the cure if there is any? 
l. m. n. 
The “puff” is a thoroughpin, and as it 
causes lameness it would be best to have the 
joint fired and blistered by a voter! nai’ian, 
then tie horse up short in stall for six 
weeks. a. s. a. 
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