1012. 
007 
The; RURAIi NEW-YORKER 
The Rural 
CONTENTS 
New-Yorker, September 
1912. 
14, 
Muskmelons.Del. and lid., crate 
Jersey, crate. 
DKllOD FRUITS 
Apples, evap., choice, 1911. 
Common to good.. 
Sun dried. 
FARM TOPICS. 
The Farm Help Problem. 946 
Seeding Low Land to Grass. 946 
Points on Filling Silos. 947 unops, iuu ids . 
An Auto Truck for a Farmer. 947 Raspberries. 
Killing Sprouts from Stumps. 947 ninckho^i»«. 
Potato Seed Balls... 948 Hucklebc^Tes!!!!"li!!!"!!!!i "* 
Mixed Fertilizer . 94 ,S . 
Crops . ” geg VEGETABLES 
Indiana Farm Notes....... 993 Potatoes—Long Island, bbl. 2.00 
Cutworms and Kainit......!.!!..’!. ! 9 r >2 
Small Engines on Harvesters. 952 
Pitting Cabbage . 953 
Club-root in Cabbage. 958 
Spraying Cucumbers and Melons. 953 
The Buckwheat Crop. 953 Cucumbers, nearby, bu 
Alfalfa With Wheat. 953 Cabbage, bbl 
Hope Farm Notes . 954 
The Ohio State Fair. 9 m 
Second-growth Sorghum . 950 
German Millet for Hay. 950 
Sorrel and Rich Land. 950 
Sweet P rtatoes, b 
Beets, bbl. 
Carrots, bbl. 
CauliBowers, bbl. 
Celery, doz. bunches. 
Ton _ 
Lettuce, bj-bbl. bkt. 
Sweet corn, Jersey, 
Lima beans. Jersey 
Onions, Jersey, bu.... 
Long Island, bbl. 
100 . 
bu . 
Egg Plants, Jersey, bkt. 
Tomatoes, Jersey, box... 
Chickens, lb.. 
Boosters. 
LIVE STOCK AND DAIRY. 
The Story of the Horse. Part 1. 960 
Steaming Silage . 960 
Breeding Belgian Hares. 960 
That Sheep Question. 960 
Goitre . q (i0 
g®?, Mange .!!! 960 
Milk . 964 
The Ohio Milk Situation. 961 
Feeding Pigs for Profit. 962 
Rickety Hog; Cow With Cough.' go** 
Spavin . 962 
Rupture in Mule Colt. 962 
Percheron Breeding in the U. S_!! 964 
Summer Silage of Clover. 964 
Thorough pin . ' 964 
The Egg-laying Contest.' 935 
The “Cornell” Insect Powder. 965 
Catarrhal Inflammation; Fattening 
Cockerels . 99 ?-. wowts.......... 
Trom>io» with poultry...:::::::;:;; a D ;“Ki“': 
Green weed for Poultry. 965 
“Pipping” a Hen’s Tongue. 965 
Paper Henhouse . 965 
Peppers, Jersey, bbl . 
Peas, Western N. Y., bu. 
Radishes, 100 bunches. 
String Beans, bu. 
LIVE POULTRY 
Guineas, pair. 
OKESSEl) POULTRY 
Turkeys, best. 
Common to Good. 
Chickens, choice broilers, lb. 
Broilers, common to good 
Roasters.. 
lb 
® 
.08 
. .50 
(co 
1.50 
(at 
1.00 
75.00 
®150.00 
. .09 
® 
-09k( 
.07 
@ 
.118 
. .04^® 
•05 ks 
1.75 
(at 
.21 
Cat 
.12 
Cat 
.12LS 
® 
2.25 
«a 
2,00 
® 
2.00 
® 
1.50 
® 
1.25 
@ 
2.50 
C<b 
.35 
C«t 
1.50 
® 
.75 
. 8.00 
@10.00 
@ 
1.25 
. .50 
® 
1.50 
. .40 
® 
1.00 
. .75 
@ 
1.00 
. 2.00 
® 
2.25 
. 1.00 
@ 
1.50 
® 
.90 
. .50 
® 
1.25 
C(0 
1.00 
. .30 
® 
.75 
. .50 
® 
1.00 
cat 
.60 
.. .30 
® 
1.00 
, .19 
« 
.21 
(fo 
.17 
. .1 
1® 
.12 
($ 
.17 
. .11 
® 
.12 
, .14 
® 
.15 
. .50 
(3> 
.60 
. .22 
® 
.23 
, .14 
® 
.20 
. .24 
@ 
.25 
.20 
® 
.22 
, .22 
.24 
<& 
.17 
.18 
cat 
CO 
.50 
® 
4.00 
HORTICULTURE. 
Gummosis of Peach Trees. 948 
Clingstone Peaches ... ’ 94,3 
Picking Kieffer Pears. 949 
Lye as an Insecticide. . 949 Native Steers, 100 
Squabs, doz. 
HAY AND STRAW 
Hay, Timothy No. 1. ton.23.00 ® 24.00 
No. 2.21.00 22.00 
No. 3.18.00 ® 20.00 
Clover Mixed.18.00 ® 22 00 
Straw, Rye.16.00® 17.00 
A Big Apple; Old Trees. 949 
No Use for Root-cutting Blackberries.! 949 
Oat and Wheat. 9.00 ® y.OO 
LIVE STOCK 
lbs.7.00 
Good New Plum_ " q^o Calves, Prime Veal 
. UtJA ('nils 
Bulls. 4.00 
Cows. 2.25 
100 lbs.. 
8.50 
Notes on Peaches. !.!!!!! 952 
Handling 500 Barrels of Apples 952 
Propagating Rose of Sharon.* 
Strawberries in Nevada.! 
Chemical Fertilizers for Carnations! 
Culls. 4.50 
8beep, 100 lbs.2.50 
Lambs.6 25 
® 9.25 
® 5.50 
@ 5.80 
@ 12.00 
® 7 .00 
Cat 4.00 
WOMAN AND 
From Day to Day.... 
A Rural Aid Society 
The Rural Patterns.. 
Roses and Things.... 
Tested Recipes . 
THE HOME. 
955 
Hogs. 
® 9U0 
GRAIN 
955 
Wheat, No. 1, Northern Spring .. 
® ... 
No. 2, lied. 
® ... 
No. 2 Hard Winter. 
Cat ... 
Corn, as to quality, bush. 
.... .75 
® .83 
Oats, as to weight, bush. 
COTTON 
.38 
@ .43 
NewYork Middling Upland. 
. 11.60 
Middling Gulf. 
MISCELLANEOUS. 
The Cooperative Movement. 945 949 
The New York Game Laws. 946 
Hail Prevention by Electricity. 949 
Ants in Beehives. 943 
Good Italian Bees. !!!.!!! 94 s 
Building a Stone Cistern. ' 990 
Coloring Cement Blocks. qr. ft 
Building Root Cellar. * 959 
Clearing a Muddy Well. 959 
Reservoir for Water Supply.' 959 
Trouble With Icehouse. ' 999 
Hedgehogs and Snails.!!! br >0 nauie 
Editor ials dIelco 
Events of the Week.I..; ‘ 937 P 
Large Public Questions. ’ 977 
Reelaiming a Swamp. 997 
Publisher’s Desk .‘ * 999 
Market Sketches . ‘ 997 
Now Orleans, Low Middling. 10.50 
Good Middling. 11.75 
WOOL 
NewYork Floeces, Fine, unwashed.22 
Ohio half blood combing.29 
Kentucky, throe eighths blood.32 
Michigan, half blood.27 
<§> .23 
@ .30 
@1 .33 
@ .28 
MARKET SKETCHES, No. 2. 
MARKETS 
Wholesale Prices at New York, 
Week Ending Sept. 7, 1912. 
„ BUTTER 
Creamery, fancy, lb.28 
Good to choice.;;;;;;;;; [26 
Lower Grades . 2 ° 
State Dairy, best. '26 
Common to Good. 99 
Factory. 
Packing Stock. 
.19 
.18 
® 
@ 
® 
® 
@ 
@ 
@ 
.29 
.27 
.25 
.27 
.25 
.22 
.21 
Elgin, 111., butter mnrket firm at 25 cents 
Boston, western creamery. 28 cents. 
I hiladelphia, western creamery, 28kicents 
White, good to choice. 
Mixed Colors, best . 
.30 
.33 
Common to Good. 
Western, best. 
Under grades. 
Checks and dirties. 
„ „ CHR’KSK 
k ull Cream, best. 
Common to Good_ 
qy •111 
8 k!ms. 
„ BEANS 
Marrow, 100 lbs. 
M adiu m. 
Pea. 
Yellow Eye. 
0.4) 
Red Kid ney. 
White Kidney. 
Lima, California. 
,, , HOP 8 
Prime to Choice . 
(hi 30 
Common to Good.... 
Pacific Coast. 
Old Stock... 
... .22 
® .25 
German Crop. 
FRESH FRUITS 
Apples—Wealthy, bbl. 2 50 @ 3 50 
Alexander . 2.50 @ 375 
Gravenstein. 2 . 50 —*,, a sn 
Blush 
2..">o; 
. 2 50 
Fall Pippin.2.75 
Duchess . — 2 or. 
Wolf River. ..!! 2 50 
I® 3.50 
@ 3.00 
@ 3.50 
® 3.50 
@ 3.76 
@ 1.60 
vyiitucippies, 0 pi . 
Peaches, up-river, bkt. 
Maryland and Del, carrier!.... 
Jersey, bkt. 
Western N. Y , bkt. 
Pears-Clapp’s, bbl.. 
. .60 
.. 1.25 
.. .75 
® 
a 
'a 
® 
@ 
7.00 
112 
2.60 
1.25 
1.25 
6 50 
Kieffer . 
2.25 
Bartlett, bbl. 
Reckel. 
(a) 
7 00 
Le Conte. 
Common. 
Plums. 8-lb bkt . 
(Si 
Grapes. Niagara, case. 
.75 
Delaware . 
Champion. 
Concord. 
Huckleberries, qt.... 
Blackberries, qr. 
V/ 
.20 
.22 
In early morning the roads within 10 
miles of Baltimore show a number of 
wagons loaded with farm produce, mainly 
hauled by mules, bound for the market 
north of the Pratt Street wharves 
and west of a brook known as Jones Falls, 
running through the city. Some of these 
wagons are labeled “Anne Arundel Pro¬ 
duce,” from the fertile county to the 
south. Others come from parts of Howard 
and Baltimore counties. A study of these 
county names takes one back to famous 
families in Colonial times, and it seems 
fitting, both as a matter of local pride and 
good advertising sense, that farmers use 
honorable county and township names in 
trade-marking produce that is worth label¬ 
ing. Tomatoes, sweet corn and melons 
formed the bulk of wagon receipts. I 
watched closely to see what became of 
this produce. Most of it wont to the com¬ 
mission h(Rises, either bought outright by 
them or to be sold ou commission. A con¬ 
siderable number of peddlers and retail 
grocers were on hand to get supplies for 
their trade. Farmers who sell to these 
retailers must divide their loads between 
several dealers. Some peddlers had elabo¬ 
rate glass-sided wagons, with shelves for 
the various fruits and vegetables, really 
greengrocery stores on wheels. Judging 
from appearances business was good with 
them. This method is quite near ideal 
for sanitary and economical distribution. 
Other peddlers, known in New York as 
“wagon boys,” deal solely in fruit and 
vegetable bargains which they dump into 
uncovered wagons and sell to cheap trade. 
I noticed but little real competition among 
the buyers. The commission men evidently 
understand each other, and the farmer can 
take what is offered or haul the goods 
back, as he sees fit. The following figures 
from a typical day in mid-August give a 
fair idea of current prices : 
White potatoes, prime, per barrel, $2@ 
2.25; tomatoes* peach basket, 20@40c; 
cabbage, 100, $1@3; sweet corn, dozen, 
12 @ 20 c; cucumbers, bushel, 20@40e; 
muskrnelons, bushel, 25@40e; watermelons', 
100 , $5 @$15. 
A few minutes’ walk brings us to a mar¬ 
ket place where there is business on a 
much larger scale. During the night from 
30 to 50 sloops have dropped in from up 
and down the bay and tied up in the basin. 
There are in sight 10,000 bushels of to¬ 
matoes, muskrnelons and peaches, and 
enough watermelons to make a large num¬ 
ber of people happy or otherwise. In con¬ 
ception of food quality the imagination 
does not reach beyond prime watermelon 
a golden dream of crystallized joy—but 
this is j. "ime melon, freshly cut. The best 
melon cau be seriou fly damaged by slicing 
an hour or two before it is wanted, which 
is common restaurant practice. Growers 
and dealers in watermelons ought to use 
stickers, handbills or some other effective 
method of impressing the freshly-cut idea 
on customers. This would mean improved 
trade in the fresh melon season. 
Some of these boats have come from far 
down the bay, toward 80 miles, and others 
only 25 or 30 miles over on the Eastern 
Shore. Most of the tomatoes, melons and 
peaches were in the common 16-quart 
peach baskets and uncovered. The damage 
from boat transportation is slight com¬ 
pared with railroad handling. Those skilled 
in the work can load these baskets several 
tiers high without injury to the contents. 
Trucks are backed to the edge of the 
wharf and two men pass the baskets up 
to the loader, one keeping the tally. Large 
quantities of these empty baskets are taken 
back by the boats, this being a case where 
a package ordinarily given away is used 
several times. As with the produce hauled 
to the market place, commission men get 
most of it, either on consignment or direct 
sale. There are several railroad freight 
stations in various parts of the city, giv¬ 
ing convenient distribution for produce 
from Western Maryland and other sections 
not accessible to boat. 
Leaving the wholesale end of the busi¬ 
ness, let us see how this food is finally 
distributed. The various types of peddlers 
have already been mentioned, and the gro¬ 
cery stores handling farm produce do not 
differ materially from those in other cities, 
prices asked depending on the locality, rent 
and delivery expense and a general idea of 
charging “all that the traffic will bear.” 
Eight retail markets of various sizes are 
scattered through the city, the largest 
being at Lexington street, west of North 
Eutaw. This runs 1,000 feet along Lex¬ 
ington street, and on the special market 
days, Thursday and Saturday, the streets 
each side of the market building are closed 
to general traffic and given to farmers’ 
wagons and temporary stands. The build¬ 
ings, extending five blocks, have three 
passageways with stands on each side. 
Some buyers come with well-worn baskets, 
showing several years of use; others buy 
baskets, which may be had there in all 
sizes from 10 cents up. This market is 
well patronized by all classes, for here 
may be had the best available, fish, meats, 
poultry, fruits and vegetables—not cheap, 
but five to 10 per cent lower in price than 
the same products are sold for in the 
higher grades of retail stores. Most of 
those doing the selling are townspeople, 
but a few farmers’ wagons are seen. Many 
feel that it does not pay to do their own 
retailing when work on the farm is press¬ 
ing. 
The day had been hot and evening found 
me in search of a little outing on the 
water. The Louise, a fairly comfortable 
boat, with capacity for upwards of 1 . 000 , 
was just starting for a resort on the 
Eastern Shore. They said I could stay 
on the boat and come back that night, 
which I did—a cool four-hour trip for 25 
cents. Ou the return the boat was crowded 
and, for a time, noisy, but there was no 
rowdyism of the type so common in cheap 
excursions near New York. There were 
many family parties who got together in 
groups—yes, and some love-making, iu va¬ 
rious incipient and chronic stages. At 
10:30 we were back to the Light Street 
dock, and I got off, rested, and glad to 
nave seen in recreation those doing the 
city’s work and consuming a large part of 
the farm produce sent there. w. w. h. 
COMING FARMERS’ MEETINGS. 
New York State Fair, Syracuse, Septem¬ 
ber 8-14. 
West Michigan Fair, Grand Rapids, Sep¬ 
tember 9-13. 
^Wisconsin Fair, Milwaukee, September 
Detroit, Mich., Fair, September 16-21 
. W ™* River Junc tion, Vt., Fair, Septem¬ 
ber 17-20. 
Illinois Fair, Springfield, October 4-12. 
Hagerstown, Md., Fair, October 15-18. 
Internationa! Dry Farming Congress, 
Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada. Congress of 
Farm Women, week beginning October 21. 
Eighteenth annual meeting of the New 
Hampshire Horticultural Society, Alton. 
N. H., October 23-25. 
Annual meeting of the American Associa¬ 
tion of Farmers’ Institute Workers, At¬ 
lanta, Ga., November 11-13. 
Annual meeting of the Association of 
American Agricultural Colleges and Experi- 
nien t Stations, Atlanta, Ga., November 
11-13. 
Annual meeting of the Maine State Porno- 
logical Society. City Hall, Portland. Me. 
November 12-14. 
National Dairy Show, Chicago, October 
24-November 2 . 
Massachusetts Fruit Show, under aus¬ 
pices of State Board of Agriculture and 
Massachusetts Fruit Growei's’ Association 
Horticultural Hall, Boston. Mass., Novem¬ 
ber 7-10. 
Indiana Apple Show, Lafayette, Novem¬ 
ber 13-19; secretary, C. G. VVoodbury. La¬ 
fayette, Ind. 
International Live Stock, Chicago, No¬ 
vember 30-December 7. 
Stiff Cow. 
Large Holstein cow, seven years old, far¬ 
row, due to freshen January 1 , 1913, is 
nune in all four feet or legs, and appears 
very much as a foundered horse in her 
forelegs. In motion her stride is a little 
shortened. When standing in stable she 
shifts from on foot to other, apparently to 
rest her feet. No swelling, no heat; cow 
has been in this condition about two 
weeks; has shrunk in milk. She remains 
about normal in flesh, no loss or gain. Her 
feed is pasturage, which was wet and 
muddy in early part of season. Might she 
have tuberculosis or is it rheumatism? 
New York. y. Wi 
Without applying the tuberculin test it 
would be impossible to know if she has 
tuberculosis, but it is scarcely to be sus¬ 
pected as the cause of the symptoms de¬ 
scribed. Rheumatism might be present, but 
the symptoms more strongly suggest 
founder, and we have seen like conditions 
from overheating in excessively hot weather. 
Better keep her off pasture for the present 
and feed her succulent feed in a well- 
bedded box stall, with yard attached for 
extra exercise. As she is in calf, it would 
not be well to give her any strong medi¬ 
cine, for fear abortion might ensue. If you 
care to run chances, however, we would 
give her two drams of powdered alum twice 
a day for a few successive days a week, for 
two weeks. a. s a. 
When you write advertisers mention Tiih 
R. N.-Y. and you’ll get a quick reply and a 
“snuare deal.” See guarantee editorial page. 
s:TH E SEVENTH:: 
NATIONAL DAIRY SHOW 
CHICAGO, ILL. 
OCTOBER 24th TO NOVEMBER 2nd, 1912 
IN ITS OWN HOME—NEWLY EQUIPPED—THE ONLY BUILDING 
IN AMERICA CAPABLE OF PRESENTING A DAIRY SHOW 
THAT IN ANY WAY REPRESENTS THE IMPORTANCE 
AND MAGNITUDE OF THE INDUSTRY 
This Show is founded to advance the Interest 
of the Dairy Cow, as upon her alone rests the 
Dairy Industry. 
We have prepared a Ten Days’ Short Course in Dairy 
Husbandry with facilities unequalled in tho World. 
The Railroads are willing to co-operate if you 
will tell them how. Commence right now to tell 
them what you want in Service and Rates. 
Write NATIONAL DAIRY SHOW ASSOCIATION, Live Stock 
Record Building 17 Exchanoe Avenue, Chicaoo, for any 
iniormation on Exhibit Space, or how to get to the Show 
CT0NEWARE MEAT TUBS OR PORK BARRELS, hotter than 
„ wood. Factory to consumer. Writo for prices. 
E. SWASEY & CO., - - Portland, Me. 
A FIRST-CLASS SUPERINTENDENT-™,-!” 
engagement about Oct. 1, amply qualified, by years 
of management of modern farm properties, to 
handle any sized proposition successfully. Or, if 
ptoferahle, would liire large dairy farm, including 
its entire equipment. References. Address T. A. J. 
care Rural Nxw-YoitKKR. 
FOR QALF~ PLEflSflNT V,EW FARM, 250 ACRES- 
1 wn vnuL on trolley line; phone and R. F. D ; 
near Pittsfield, B. & A. It. R. : stock, tools and pro¬ 
duce, if wanted. For full description address 
L. It. TABOR, - - Lanesboro, Mass. 
CERTILE SOUTHERN FARM LAND for rent 
■ or lease in large or small acreage. Healthful 
locality. Write L. L. WHEELER, care R. N-Y. 
FOR NEW YORK FARMS 
or for farm lands in the West and South call on or 
writo to B. F. McBURNEY & CO., 309 Bastahle Block, 
Syracuse, New York, or 703 Fisher Buildino, Chicaoo, III. 
★ 
NEWYORK STATE FARMS. J.H7S: 
ing in farms throughout New York State. Reference 
on request. Catalog sent to prospective purchasers. 
C. L. YAGER & CO., 736 Cress llldg., Itiiigliiiinton, N. Y. 
ETf)D 6 Al IT—Dairy farm of 205 acres; 5l) 
" acres wood land, 90 acres 
meadow and tilled land, balance pasture. Farm 
now carries 35 cows, but capable of keeping 60 with 
improvements. Two barns ami two houses. Abun¬ 
dant spring water. Located in theDelawaro Vailey 
one mile from Deposit (town of two thousand pop¬ 
ulation) in Delaware County, on Erie railroad. 
Must be sold. Price $8,000, including farm tools, 
one-half cash, balance may remain on first mort¬ 
gage. Apjtly to or address the owner 
Mrs. E. L, BAILEY, - Deposit, N. Y. 
Eggs, Poultry, Meats, Produce. 
.Shipments solicited. JELLIFFE, WRIGHT & CO., Com¬ 
mission Merchants, 284 Washington St.. New York, 
EGGS. Etc. 
" 7 value 
Direct to heat trade in Greater 
■ New York. Hlghext market 
value and account sale. day ofarrlval. 
Refer to Rural New-Yorker, Don't* or Bradxtieet'e. 
Zenith Butter & Ego Co., 355-59 Greenwich St., N.Y. 
Highest prices guaranteed for White or Brown 
Leghorns or mixed eggs. Also high grade butter. 
Write us for information. A trial will convince you 
of our ability to obtain extreme prices. Address 
JOHNSTONE 6 COUGHLAN. 
172 Duane Street, : : New York 
QKO. P. HAMMOND. It ST. 1875. FRANK W. GODWIN 
GEO. P. HAMMOND & CO., 
Commission Merchants and Dealers in all kindsol 
COUNTRY PRODUCE, Apples, Peaches, Ber 
ries Butter, Eggs, Cheese, Poultry. Mushrooms 
and Hot-house Products a Specialty. Consignments 
Solicited. 34 & 36 Little 12th St.. New York- 
BOOKS WORTH BUYING 
Bush Fruits, Card. 1.50 
Principles of Fruit Gi’owing, Bailey.. 1.50 
Successful Fruit Culture. Maynard. ... 1.00 
Plums and Plum Culture, Waugh.... 1.50 
Nursery Book, Bailey. 1.50 
Spraying of Plants, Lodeman. 1.25 
Plant Breeding, Bailey. 1.25 
Evolution of Our Native Fruits, Bailey 2.00 
Survival of The Unlike, Bailey. 2.00 
Horticulturists’ Rule Book, Bailey.... 2.00 
The Soil, King. 1.50 
Soils, Hilgard . 4.00 
Fertility of the I,and, Roberts. 1.50 
Irrigation and Drainage, King. 1.50 
Fertilizers, Voorhees . 1.25 
Agriculture and Chemistry, Storer, 3 
vols.5.00 
Principles of Agriculture, Bailey.1.25 
Garden Making, Bailey. 1.50 
Vegetable Gardening, Bailey......... 1.50 
Forcing Book, Bailey. 1.25 
How Crops Grow, Johnson. 1.50 
How Crops Feed, Johnson. 1.50 
Cereals in America. Hunt. 1.75 
American Fruit Culturist, Thomas.... $2.50 
Dwarf Fruit Trees, Waugh.50 
Pruning Book. Bailey. 1.50 
Forage Crops, Voorhees. 1.50 
Book of Alfalfa. Coburn. 2.00 
Diseases of Animals, Mayo. 1.50 
Feeding Farm Animals, Shaw. 2.00 
Fr- n ge and Fiber Crops in America, 
Hunt . 1.75 
Farm Grasses in United States, Spill¬ 
man . 1.00 
Clovers and How to Grow Them, Shaw 1.00 
The Potato. Fraser . 75 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
409 Pearl Street New York 
