ee© 
THE RURA.I> NEW-YORKER 
September 2S, 
FARMERS’ CLUB 
[ Every query must be accompanied by the 
name and address of the writer to insure 
attention. Before asking a question, please see 
whether it is not answered in our advertising 
columns. Ask only a few questions at one time. 
Put questions on a separate piece of paper.l 
A NEW YORK CYCLONE. 
It is, happily, not often that the wind 
in New Y’ork State takes off its coat 
and works up a cyclone. When it does 
there is business for a time. There 
was such an occasion in Ontario Co. on 
a Sunday afternoon in late August. The 
storm swept a path west and south of 
Geneva, lashing at the earth as it passed 
on. With every lash a building fell or 
a tree was uprooted. The picture at 
Fig. 417, page 995, shows what was left 
of a barn after the storm went on. The 
great barn on the famous White 
Springs Farm was smashed flat. Here, 
we understand, serious loss of life was 
saved by the concrete walls and sides of 
the stalls. - These held up the wreckage 
so that men and cattle escaped crush¬ 
ing. Only one man was hurt. He was 
struck by a flying object as he attempt¬ 
ed to cross the open court during the 
blow. The others who stayed under 
cover were not injured, although the 
big buildings fell all over them, and 
over the horses and cattle. The live 
stock, while it was penned in, was res¬ 
cued, and only three calves lost their 
lives. 
There was a fearful loss and damage 
of the beautiful shade trees, which were 
the glory of this great estate. Some 
may be patched up and turned back for 
a new growth, but many are hopelessly 
injured. 
Only a few days before this storm 
the writer examined a fine apple or¬ 
chard which lay in the path of this 
storm. It was a beautiful sight, the 
trees bending nearly to the ground with 
loads of brilliantly colored fruit. Now 
the orchard: 
Is a sorry looking sight, to-day, though 
here as elsewhere order is being brought 
out ol chaos. The many apple trees lie in 
rows, unite as soldiers shot in trenches 
and as lifeless. There were over 150 
bearing trees in the orchard and practically 
everv one of them is uprooted and de¬ 
stroyed. Mr. Ilaag said to-day that there 
were at least 200 trees on his farm which 
were blown down. Most of these are up¬ 
rooted as cleanly as if blown up by dyna¬ 
mite or dug. out. Some of them lay 
quite a distance from the hole from which 
they were blown. The pieces of the barn 
are still lying around the orchard ■where 
they were carried by the wind. 
Nature will slowly repair the damage 
and man will rebuild, but that “breath 
from the hills” will be long remem¬ 
bered. 
Fall-set Trees. 
P. IF., Pelham, X. Y .—I wish to set out 
some shade trees this Fall. Will you tell 
me when is the best time, and whether 
special preparation of ground is necessary? 
A ns. —Planting of trees should al¬ 
ways he done when they are dormant. 
Very hardy deciduous trees can often 
be successfully moved in the Fall if the 
ground is moist at the time of removal, 
but great care must be taken to work 
the soil in very compactly between the 
roots, so that there will be no large air 
spaces between them. If the trees are 
large, it is a good plan to stake them, 
so they cannot be blown about by the 
wind. Special preparation of ground 
is not necessary. In transplanting it is 
important to take up a sufficient amount 
of roots to support the plant, and as 
a rule the more roots the better the 
conditions for growth. Very long roots 
should be shortened unless the tree is 
removed to a permanent place, in which 
case all the good roots should lie left 
on the tree. All bruised or broken 
roots should be cut off in either case, 
and the top of the tree shortened to 
correspond. Dig the hole sufficient size 
to take in the roots without crowding 
and set the trees at least one or two 
inches lower in the soil than they for¬ 
merly Stood. s. H. MADDEN. 
Paeonies from Seed. 
Will you tell me how to treat pseony 
seed? When should the seed be planted? 
How long does it take them to germinate 
and to bloom? w. h. r. 
Indiana. 
Pa 3 ony seeds are sown in well-prepared 
soil as' soon as they are ripe. The seed¬ 
lings seldom make any growth above 
ground the first season, their energy being 
expended in making roots. The cotyledons 
remain enclosed in the seed, usually until 
the next season. Propagation by seed is a 
slow process, but is used to produce new 
varieties; division of the crowns in the 
case of herbaceous species, and division, 
layers, cuttings, or grafts of shrubby sorts 
is’usual. As the pseony seedling does not 
appear above ground until the second year, 
and usually does not bloom until the fifth 
year, some patience is required. The seed 
is ready to sow about October ana it is 
well to scatter a thin mulch over the 
ground the next season, so it will not bake. 
SOME RANDOM NOTES. 
To me the talk about a standard tree 
has very little interest. I never buy or 
plant any fruit tree more than one year 
old from bud or graft. I do not want a 
tree of any caliper that has stood several 
years In the nursery rows and has taken 
on a sort of head, for I want to do all the 
heading myself. The three or four-year- 
old tree is always too long-shanked for me, 
for the nurseryman knows that the aver¬ 
age buyer buys by the height of the tree. 
I want a good healthy switch, with live 
buds throughout its whole length. Having 
such a tree I can start the head right 
where I want it to start and not where 
the nurseryman would start it. That is, 
I head back the little tree 20 inches from 
the ground and the branches, three or 
four, that are to form the head, start from 
there and below. In these days of spray¬ 
ing the low-headed tree is essential, and 
the gathering of the fruit is easier, too. 
Then with such a tree, should a heavy 
sleet storm come, the limbs may be bent 
down, but the ground will catch them be¬ 
fore being broken, while tall headed trees 
are often broken to pieces in a sleet. 
The argument that some make about 
getting under the tree for cultivation 
amounts to nothing, because the cultivation 
can go on very well till the tree gets into 
shape for producing fruit, and then an 
apple tree should be in sod and the grass 
regularly mown and used as a mulch. And 
the same is true of pear trees, which are 
far less apt to blight when in sod than 
when cultivated. Of course the short-lived 
peach needs clean cultivation all its life, 
but when these are planted as fillers in an 
apple orchard they are usually done for 
and pulled out by the time the orchard 
should go into grass. 
As R. L. says (page 926), a growth of 
sorrel indicates a need of lime, and yet 
sorrel will flourish in spite of the liming. 
But liming makes conditions favorable to 
the legume crops and the sorrel may be 
smothered out. Sorrel grows because con¬ 
ditions are not favorable to better crops. 
The man who tells the Hope Farm man 
that he welcomes sorrel and says that the 
French make use of it. will find that the 
French nor any other nation use our com¬ 
mon sheep sorrel. The sorrel the French 
use is a very different article with leaves 
resembling beet leaves, and it is a crop 
that one can easily grow in the garden 
without introducing a noxious w r eed. When 
I was a boy tansy pudding was a favorite 
Spring dish on the Eastern Shore of Mary¬ 
land. The expressed sap of tansy and 
green wheat was used in preparing the 
pudding, and to my taste the pudding 
with the tansy flavor and the deep grOeu 
color was very attractive. I have not seen 
a tansy pudding for many years. 
My neighbor, W. F. Allen, well known 
as a strawberry grower, brought me a fine 
basket of very beautiful strawberries tbe 
last day of August. They were of fine size 
and pretty color and remarkably sweet. 
They were the variety known as Superb, 
which Mr. Allen says is the best of all the 
Fall-bearing strawberries. These were cer¬ 
tainly fine. 
I would suggest to Mr. John Gould that 
the best cover for the silo is cotton-seed 
hulls. These are covered with lint and 
mat together, and soon make a cover abso¬ 
lutely impervious to mould germs of any 
sort. As these are now sold in bales it 
may • be possible for the northern Ohio 
farmers to get them. Cotton lint is well 
known in the laboratories as a means for 
preventing outside infection in bacterial 
cultures. 
In reading your “Publisher's Desk” page 
I often wonder how the people in the 
“sucker” list ever got money to invest 
and lose. w. f. masses. 
Maryland. _ , 
Ailing Bay Trees. 
I have some hay trees which are red on 
back of leaves, causing the leaves to roll 
up. What can I do with them? J. a. s. 
Long Island. 
The description given is not clear enough 
to give much basis for treatment, hut the 
most common cause affecting the foliage of 
bay trees is drought. Because the peaty 
soil in which they are -grown abroad is 
black it looks heavy and moist, and many 
buyers, getting a plant potted in this 
medium, imagine it is moist when really 
the bay is suffering for water. There are 
cases, too, where it has been repotted 
carelessly, so that all the water runs into 
the new soil, leaving the old ball hard and 
dry. Careful and abundant watering is 
advised, and the use of the hose overhead; 
liberal spraying with a good force of cold 
water will eliminate red spider, which may 
be present, and which would promote the 
bad condition of the foliage. Bay trees 
can stand considerable heat if they have 
plenty of water and fresh air. Lmt a scant 
water supply, during the heat of this sea¬ 
son. would he most detrimental. In Spring 
and early Summer, when they are making 
growth, liquid manure is very helpful. 
Caterpillars on Huckleberries. 
I am sending you under separate cover 
two worms, from my berry patch, of which 
there are several millions, so they will not 
be missed. Can you tell me anything 
about them? I have a swamp containing 
about eight acres of land, grown up with 
huckleberries, and this year they are eaten 
up with these worms. What can I do? 
Will they come every year? There were a 
few last year. j. u. v. 
Ilagamau, N. Y. 
The swamp of huckleberries was evi¬ 
dently infested with the caterpillars of the 
chain-streaked geometer moths. The 
“worms” sent in the box changed to pupa? 
and the beautiful white moths marked with 
black chain-like streaks emerged August 
31. These moths are called geometers be¬ 
cause their caterpillars move iu a looping 
or measuring manner. Moreover, the 
moths are interesting because they some¬ 
times appear in such very great numbers 
that they give the effect of a snowstorm. 
The caterpillars feed on hazel, blackberry, 
raspberry, huckleberries, and other shrubs 
and trees. When full grown they measure 
■about 1% inch in length. After the 
caterpillars have fed enough and attained 
their full growth they spin thin webs of 
silk among the leaves and change to pup*. 
The moths usually emerge from the middle 
of September into October, often in count¬ 
less thousands. Moreover, each moth lays 
a large number of eggs, as many as 368 
having been laid by a single female. This 
accounts for the immense numbers of cater¬ 
pillars occurring among the huckleberries. 
Probably hundreds of eggs will be laid 
this Fall among the huckleberries and if 
left undisturbed will probably hatch next 
Spring. These eggs are said to be dropped 
on the ground and therefore cannot be 
gathered and destroyed. The most eco¬ 
nomical method of destroying the cater¬ 
pillars would be to spray the bushes in 
the Spring just after the caterpillars ap¬ 
pear with arsenate of lead. 2% pounds to 
50 gallons of water, glenn w. herrick. i 
Chestnut Blight in Pennsylvania. 
The Pennsylvania Chestnut Blight Com¬ 
mission has arranged to have exhibits at j 
nearly all of the fairs held in the State 
of Pennsylvania. Specimens of chestnut j 
bark from blight-infected trees are shown, 
together with photographs illustrating the 
different stages of the disease, of orchards, 
woodlands and ornamental chestnut trees 
where the blight has been at work. Sam¬ 
ples of a few of the many chestnut prod¬ 
ucts, maps showing the range of the dis¬ 
ease, literature, etc., complete the display. 
There will be In all about 35 fairs covered, 
so that owners and those interested in tim¬ 
ber lands and valuable chestnut trees, 
wherever located, will have an opportunity 
to become familiar with the nature and 
symptoms of this deadly disease in all its 
stages. The blight is now more or less 
prevalent in about one-half of Pennsyl¬ 
vania. ranging from almost complete in¬ 
fection in the eastern to scattering trees 
in the western sections. The course to be 
pursued varies with local conditions. In 
all cases, however, where trees become in¬ 
fected. it is advisable to market them as I 
soon as possible, because death is certain. 
In order to manage properly any chestnut i 
timberland, an owner should have a , 
knowledge of the blight, and many per -1 
sons are taking advantage of the fair dis-i 
plays for this purpose. The Blight Com- 
mission is attempting to keep the disease j 
out of territory not now infected and the 
co-operation of the owners who are intelli¬ 
gently able to diagnose the blight is most 
essential. In eastern Pennsylvania a great 
deal of chestnut timber will be cut and put 
upon the market. The commission aims to 
assist owners to dispose of infected timber 
to good advantage. Lists of buyers are 
being collected and an effort made to have 
manufacturers substitute chestnut for other 
woods in eases where the advantages of 
this timber have not been considered. A 
special rate on infected cordwood has been 
issued by the P. It. It. to permit of longer i 
hauls to the tanning extract plants. Chest-j 
nut is the most abundant species in Penn- 1 
sylvania and has many desirable ad- | 
vantages over other woods. Users of tim¬ 
ber would do well to consider chestnut 
and its price in comparison with other 
species. G. B. K. 
Reading. Pa. 
Poates Complete Atlas of the World. 
—Most large atlases are ungainly things, 
taking too much room on a table,’ and too 
large to fit in a bookshelf. This book is 
the finest and most convenient atlas we 
have seen: 6%x9%, containing 220 pages. 
The maps are clear, each State covering 
two pages, and every country in the world 
is shown, all the latest geographical 
changes being indicated. The reading mat¬ 
ter gives the counties and chief cities and 
towns of all the. States and more than 700 j 
of the important cities of the world. For j 
sale by The Rural New-Yorker. Price, 
cloth, $1.50: leather. $2. 
CONTAINING 
Every Time You See a Rooster 
Think ol 
GROUND 95* 
THROUGH 
100 MESH| SCREEN 
80* THROUGH 
200 MESH SCREEN 
PHOSPHORUS 
' 29)* . 
PHOSPHORIC ACID 
152 BUSHELS CORN PER ACRE 
is a yield which an Illinois farmer made 
by careful seed selection, good tillage, 
and t lie use of Ground Phosphate Rock 
for fertilizer. How about your crop? 
You have the sense to select the seed, 
and the ability to cultivate properly. 
We can furnish you the 
GROUND PHOSPHATE ROCK 
WHITE US FOR PRICES. 
FEDERAL CHEMICAL CO. 
Ground Rock Dept. Columbia, Term, 
GINSENG SEED FOR SALE own raising. Will 
fell in lots of 10.000 and upward for §1.50 per 1000. 
J. A. THOMAS, - - - Moravia, N. Y. 
PEACH] 
and !- 
APPLE 
2c EACH and UP 
Also all kinds of 
NURSERY STOCK. 
Wholesale prices to planters 
Write for FREE CATALOGUE. 
TENNESSEE NURSERY COMPANY 
Box 14, Cleveland, Tennessee 
“BLACK’S QUALITY” 
FRUIT TREES 
NONE BETTER 
None Give Better Returns when They Fruit 
Buy Direct Front the Nursery 
and save agent’s discounts and middleman’s 
profits. When you buy our trees you get a 
Doilar*s Worth of Trees 
for every one hundred cents you remit to us. 
PEACH and APPLE TREES 
a specialty. _ CATA LOGUE FREE 
JOS. H. BLACK, SON & CO. 
HIGHTSTOWN. N. J. 
Apple, Peach, Pear Trees 
('YUR nursery stork is raised right—it is the best 
you can buy. Clean, strong, well-formed 
trees that are vigorous and true to variety—trees 
that will reach maturity— the kind YOU want. 
We also have a fine stock of Dwarf Fruit Trees, 
Careful attention given to shipping and packing. 
Satisfaction guaranteed Prices reasonable 
Write for Illustrated Catalog. 
ARTHUR J. COLLINS, Box R., Moorestown, N. J 
1,600 000FRUIT TREES 
HARDY, UPLAND GROWN TKKKS at 
Wholesale Price* that will astonish you.* 
28 years growing trees and selling direct to 
l planter means you take no risk in dealing 
with us. We guarantee satisfaction or 
money refunded. Everybody write for 
Free Inna. catalogue of Guaranteed True- 
r to-Name Trees. 300 Acres. 2 Rose Bushes, 
/D 1 General Jack, 1 Magna Charta, 25c. mail 
Ipostpaid. MALONEY BROS. & WELLS CO. 
| Dansville’s Pioneer Wholesale Norseries. 2l Main St., Dansville, N.Y. 
$ <£ ^ (f^ rh rth rr* 
rp * j i *35 
Write to CALL’S NUHSERIKS, Perry, O., for 
price of TREE PROTECTORS and save your 
Trees from being killed by Mice and Rabbits. 
$ rT x ^ ^ rt' rp rt' 
rp 1 1 
5 FRUIT TREES 
are purchased by the best 
orchardists. Send for free cat- 
og now. Big discounts for Fall Delivery. 
KING BROS. NURSERIES, Dansville, N.Y. 
"It’s Cheapest to Buy the Best” 
KINGS 
700,000 Hardy Fruit Trees PLANTING 
et wholesale prices. Cherries, 6 to 6 ft., 10c each: 4 to 
6 ft., 6c each. Genesee Valley grown, direct from 
pursery to planter. Write for free illus. catalogue, 
t. W. Wells Wholesale Nurseries, 10 Trecaues Road. Dansville, N. Y. 
First-Class FRUIT TREES 
EOK EALL PLANTING. Propagated from 
trees of known merit. True to name. No scale. 
SAMUEL ERASER, Box C, Ueneaeo, N. V. 
Peach and Apple Trees 
For fall or spring planting. Prices right; stock 
right. II YEK A; SON, Bridgeville, Delaware 
TREES and PLANTSi^ 1 ,] s 1 li" ds_ ? y the Mil ' 
ons—at wholesale 
irices. Big supply Apple and Peach Trees, Privet 
lodging. The Westminster Nursery, Westminster, Mil. 
WEEDLESS FIELD SEEDS 
trying harder than ever to furnish our customers. 
FREE Samples will show that we come pretty 
near doing it. In many varieties we DOIT. Home¬ 
grown Timothy, Alsike, Mammoth. Red, new 
crop. Also Alfalfa, Vetch, Rape, etc. Write today. 
0. M. Scott & Son, 40 Main St., Marysville, Ohio 
SEED WHEAT 
Jones’ " Red Wave ” and “ St. Louis Grand Prize." 
Two of the hardiest, best yielding and fly-resisting 
varieties grown. Winter Rye and Timothy Seed. 
Price List and Samples on Application 
J. N. MacPHERSDN, Pine View Farm, Scottsvilte, New v orl< 
FOR RELIABLE SEEDS 
bought direct from the farming community, and 
sole direct to the consumer: Medium and Mammoth 
Clover, Alsike, Alfalfa, White and Crimson Clover. 
Timothy, Rape, Red Top, Blue Grass. Orchard 
Grass, Barley, Rye, Spring and Winter Wheat, all 
kinds of Seed Corn and Peas. Sent freight prepaid 
your Railroad Station. Write for samples and 
prices. N. Wertheimer & Sous, Ligonier, Ind. 
Seed Wheat 
High yielding varieties; Poole, Gypsy, Mediterra¬ 
nean, Turkey Red, Rudy, .Mammoth White Rye, 
Alfalfa. Timothy, etc. Samples and price list on ap¬ 
plication. W. N. SOARl'F, New Carlisle, O. 
FOR SALE IN CAR LOAD LOTS 
German stock Beets; excellent quality. Delivery 
Oct. 1st to Oct, 20th. Price. F.O.B., Auburn, N. Y., 
$5.50 per ton. H. C. HEMINGWAY & CO., Auburn, N. Y. 
NowTho FALL BEARING Strawberries 
Send for T. O. KEVITT'S Catalogue, Atheuia, N. J. 
CAS I Bearing Strawberry Plants. Best varieties. 
IHLL Catalogue Free. BASIL PERRY, Coal Suring, Bel, 
Inwa FALL BEARING STRAWBERRY PLANTS 
lUifu — 5 Q plants by express for $1.00. Order quick. 
Address - S. A. VIRDIN, Hartly, Delaware. 
STRAWBERRY PLANTS 
Bubach. Brandywine, Corsican, Climax, Gandy, 
Glen Mary, Michael's Early. New York, Sample, 
Senator Dunlap, Wm. Belt. $1.00 hundred prepaid; 
$4.50 thousand, not prepaid. Catalogue free. 
HARRY L. SQUIRE Good Ground, N. Y. 
stOjb fcM Bv Calendar and KfiCC 
Directions ft! EC 
BglF fiLfk B We make Bucket, Barrel, 
IBf P w Knapsack, 4-Row Potato 
S JH I’ Sprayers, Power Orchard Rigs — 
vagy P Sprayers of all kinds for all purposes. 
Automatic liquid agitators and strainer cleaners— 
up-to-date sprayer line. Ask for free spraying book. 
FIELD FORCE PUMP CO,, £ 1 1 th St., Elmira, H. V. 
DISTINCT 
FUNGICIDAL 
PROPERTIES 
Circular No. 7 of the Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station, March, 1910, speaking of San Jose scale, says: !i Tha 
Lime-Sulfur Wash, either home-made or commercial, and the soluble oil sprays are the most satisfactory remedies for 
this pest. The soluble oil sprays, either home-made or commercial, are probably best for treating the apple, because 
the oil spreads better on the downy twigs of the apple.” “Scalecide” is the acknowledged leader of all soluble oils—the 
only one containing distinct fungicidal properties; standing the test for the past six years on all kinds of fruit trees. 
“Scalecide” has no substitute. There are other reasons. A postal request to Dept. N will bring you by return mail, 
free, our book, “Modern Methods of Harvesting, Grading and Packing Apples,” and new booklet, “SCALECIDE, the 
Tree-Saver.” If your dealer cannot supply you with “SCALECIDE” we will deliver it to any R. R. Station in the United 
States east of the Mississippi and north of the Ohio Rivers on receipt of the price; 50-gal. bbls.,$25.00 ; 30-gal. bbls,$16.00; 
10-gal. cans, $6.75; 5-gal. cans, $3.75. Address, B. G. PRATT CO., 50 Church Street, New York City. 
