1912. 
THE RURAb NKW-YOKKEK 
1068 
M I L IS. 
N. Y. Exchange price $1.81 per 40-quart 
can, netting 3% cents in 26-cent zone. 
The Massachusetts Milk Situation. 
Does the contractor in any case ever 
pay the producer all he can, and make 
just profit enough himself to continue in 
business? I believe in some cases this is 
true, and that the contractor or peddler 
to-day who buys nearby milk produced in 
Massachusetts as the rule pays as high a 
price as he can possibly afford to and live. 
I believe if the long distance, much pas¬ 
teurized milk was labeled and sold for 
what it really is, and not for fresh milk, 
as in too many cases it is to-day, that 
most retail buyers would take the Massa¬ 
chusetts milk in preference to the long 
distance milk even at a greater cost, pro¬ 
vided they were perfectly sure they were 
getting just what they were paying for 
and nothing else. As the case is to-day, 
the consumer gets a poor product at a 
high price in too many cases. The pro¬ 
ducer in Massachusetts is held to stricter 
regulations and enforcement of same than 
out-of-State producers are, has a less fa¬ 
vorable freight rate, and if anything a 
poorer price, according to real value and 
cost of production, than out-of-State milk; 
in fact receives a price which gives him 
no profit whatever at present high price 
of grain and feedstuff. These are facts. 
Will some one come forward with a remedy 
which will give to each what is due him, 
both producer and consumer, ^and also 
give the middleman a fair profit, not an 
excessive one, as some do get, but not all. 
One great cry is do away with the 
middleman altogether, and the thing will 
be all right; divide his profit between pro¬ 
ducer and consumer and give the farmer 
a fair price for a reliable product and the 
consumer a better milk at a lower price 
than he is or has been paying. This 
sounds good as a theory, but will it work 
out in practice? I believe not, for it is 
human nature always to want what some¬ 
one else has, and get it as cheap as pos¬ 
sible, and on the other hand make the 
other fellow pay you all you can squeeze 
out of him for what he gets of vou. The 
middleman acts as a buffer between the 
two; he gets bumped and he bumps all 
he can out of the other parties. 
If laws or regulations of a fair nature 
to all parties could be passed and en¬ 
forced so as to stop the bumping of all 
the parties and make them all toe the 
scratch and stay there, each in his own 
sphere, in short make a specialist, as you 
pight say, out of each, yet controlled and 
held in check by a higher authority who 
was perfectly fair and just to all parties, 
I believe the solution of the problem would 
be found. The situation will never be 
right and things run smooth until some¬ 
thing of this sort is brought to pass; one 
cannot get along without the other suc¬ 
cessfully. In any really large business you 
must have a manufacturer, a handler and 
a buyer. The three are all necessary to 
do business ; there is no question whatever 
about it. In the Massachusetts milk situa- 
tion you have for years past seen the re- 
suit of the interested parties not working 
together, and in not having a proper au- 
thonty to make them each do his part 
in a reasonable and proper manner. Now, 
get together, elect a commander who will 
make each and all do as they should, 
make each keep his end up, and things 
will run much smoother than has been the 
case ever before. a e p 
Prices of Milk. 
The outlook for the dairy farmer for the 
next six months is not very encouraging 
and anything short of five cents per quart 
for milk from October 1 to April 1 means 
loss and disaster. Milk is a short supply. 
Cows are high ; forward and fresh cows are 
selling for $75 to $100, and scarce. Feed 
from $31 to $35 per ton; farm help scarce 
and wages high. ITay crop was very good, 
but old crop all cleaned out. Farmers in 
general are very much dissatisfied, and the 
only remedy for this will be for the middle¬ 
men to raise the price of milk above the 
cost of production, or for the farmers to 
place themselves in a position to stop the 
supply for a few days. j. w. w. 
Sussed, N. J. 
In this section milk is either sold to the 
Hershey Chocolate Co. of Hershey, Pa., to 
the P. & It. Railroad Co., or sold at retail 
in the city of Lebanon and the smaller 
towns surrounding Lebanon, and some 
make butter for market. The Hershey 
Chocolate Co. pays for July, August and 
September $1.45 per 100 pounds; for Oc¬ 
tober, $1.60; for November, $1.70, and 
for December, $1.85. This is the price 
paid to those that sign the contract, the 
contract being to give all their milk for a 
certain time at a fixed price. Those not 
signing the contract get 10 cents a 100 
less. The milk has to he cooled soon after 
being milked and hauled to a local station 
each morning, where it is fetched by gaso¬ 
line trucks, and along the street railway 
by a car. For milk delivered at Hershey 
they pay 15 cents a 100 more. Those who 
retail their milk in the city and towns sell 
at six and seven cents a quart. We get 
?0 cents a pound for butter, for the last 
several weeks, fetched at our door by a 
Lebanon grocer. The Lebanon market is 
about 34 cents a pound. The farmers got 
an extra good crop of hay and the corn is 
a good crop, so they will have a good 
supply of feed, and hardly any cows will 
go out of this section; in fact, cows are 
more generally coming into this section 
than going ont. Of course farmers will 
buy some feed, such as bran, dairy feed, 
etc., to feed with the hay and other feed, 
but not as much need be bought as last 
Winter. They have a lot of wheat to sell, 
also. Occasionally a cow is sold for $100 
or even more, but the average price ranges 
from about $55 to $S0. As to whether 
the farmers are reasonably satisfied with 
the price received for milk, I will say one 
thing is certain; that dairying is not a 
get-rich-quiek scheme, but it means work 
and lots of it every day, and much capital 
invested, and sometimes loss by sickness or 
otherwise, and it takes good management 
to come out with even a small profit if 
feed and manure and labor and everything 
have been figured for, for their market 
value. But the farmers do not always 
give full credit for the feed raised on the 
farm and the work they and their family 
do. The outlook for dairying is as good 
as it ever was, though, in this section, 
since so much milk is sent to the large 
cities and the Hershey Chocolate Co. buys 
so much. The Hershey Chocolate Co. uses 
many tons of milk daily, but they produce 
much of the milk they use on the scores 
of their farms in the vicinity of Hershey. 
Lebanon, Pa. s. r. s. 
Both Massachusetts and Connecticut are 
falling iu their cow population, and the 
why is a mystery. Towns and cities , are 
growing by leaps and bounds, aud all these 
must be fed. To ray mind the great fault 
with the dairymen is the lack of proper 
judgment in raising stock, only a few 
raising purebred stock, and few are those 
who ever take pains to have their stock 
tested. Take this factory here, built 24 
years ago. At one time it ran to 200.000 
pounds yearly. Now we can get only 
50.000, and the writer took charge nearly 
two years ago. I made inquiry regarding 
the dairy and butter section of New York, 
thinking it might be feasible to buy cream 
and transport by baggage rates here to 
keep up our supply, for our trade is grow¬ 
ing so we cannot fill it, and Connecticut 
creameries receive about five cents over 
New York, so we can transport quite a 
distance. f. s. 
Consul Felix S. S. Johnson notes the 
large increase in Canadian imports of Aus¬ 
tralasian butter, reaching 2,241,584 pounds 
in the fiscal year ended March 31, 1912. 
Butter is retailing at Kingston, Ontario, 
at 35 cents per pound. Exports of cream 
from the Kingston district to the United 
States, however, totaled $10,000 worth In 
July alone. 
This is a dairy district. Good common 
cows with calf at side, $50 to $65; good 
grade Ilolsteins, $70 to $85; choice Hol- 
steins, $S5 to $100. Milk is all taken to 
the condensery; they are paying for Sep¬ 
tember $1.35 a hundred. Hay, $10 to $12. 
Greenville, Ill. c. 
Wheat, 90 cents; old corn, 70; potatoes, 
65; onions, 75; oats, 30; hay, about $10 
delivered; hogs, eight cents; cattle, grass 
fed, six cents; chickens, about 12 cents; 
beans, about four cents a pound. J. t. 
Marshall, Ill. 
We have a good crop of hay and grain, 
and corn for silage is coming; on very fast 
now and will be a fair quantity. The tone 
about dairying is a little indifferent. Some 
cows have been sold to ship, while some 
that did not have a full herd have bought 
from neighbors to fill up. The Bordens 
have just put out their price for six months 
from October 1, which averages $1.81 per 
100 pounds and is 10 cents a hundred less 
than last year. By a rule that went into 
force last May that when a man’s barn 
scores 68 or more he receives 10 cents 
extra, this 10-cent loss will be made good. 
Hubbardsville, N. Y. e. l. h. 
Jersey Red Hogs. 
There are general-purpose pigs as well 
as highly specialized breeds for particular 
lines. The Yorkshire is the well-known 
bacon type, the Berkshire for lard, and 
so on. The Jersey Reds have been carried 
to a very high type of perfection as gen¬ 
eral-purpose pigs, and are gaining in popu¬ 
larity rapidly because of their sterling 
qualities. The Jersey Red is one of the 
most prolific breeders and the most rapidly 
fattening animal in the pig family. 
They are large, long bodied hogs, red¬ 
dish iu color, and having an excellent skin 
texture. They are small boned, vigorous 
aud prolific at au early age. One of the 
most valuable features is the tendency to 
grow very fast when extremely young. This 
is of great assistance in the making of a 
big frame on which to lay large quantities 
of flesh Later on when the ration is changed 
to a fattening one. Another valuable thing 
about the Jersey Red is the ability to 
fatten rapidly at any age. This enables 
the breeder to manipulate his pigs in such 
a fashion as to get the most out of the 
markets. 
The meat of this breed is of good qual¬ 
ity, firm, highly flavored, and when prop¬ 
erly finished off during the fattening 
period, makes very fine hams, shoulders and 
bacon. In regard to weight, the Jersey 
Red will range around 350 pounds at nine 
months. One grower slaughtered iu 16 
years 463 hogs, averaging in age 21 
months, that averaged 538 pounds dressed 
weight. Another made a bunch of 18, at 
about the same age, average 728 pounds 
dressed. As a weight producer, the Jersey 
Red has no superior. 
In breeding quality and prolificacy, this 
breed ranks among the first. It is not in¬ 
frequent for a young sow to have eight 
pigs in her first litter, and at her second 
and third to run 12 and 14. And she will 
raise all of them. Their quiet dispositions 
make them excellent mothers, and while 
they are extremely prolific, their pigs are 
stronger and fewer are lost at farrowing 
time than with those of almost any other 
breed. The crowning characteristic, how¬ 
ever, is that they can be made to reach the 
highest weights known and at any age de¬ 
sired, by feeding them the fat-producing 
foods. A. J. COLLINS. 
Burlington Co., N. J. 
Many exaggerated accounts of skunk and 
other wild animal farms have appeared in 
the newspapers, the inference Being that 
this business can be carried on success¬ 
fully in backyards or chicken coops. In 
Fuu Farming for Profit, by Fur News 
Pub. Co., we have a conservative state¬ 
ment of just what is being done in raising 
fur-bearing animals in captivity, and what 
the possibilities are for future profit in 
the business. The book contains 188 pages, 
many illustrations, and is very interesting. 
It describes the proper location for such 
animals as muskrat, skunk, fox, raccoon, 
etc., how to fence, feed and care for them, 
showing that the fur farmer must use 
ample space, so that the animals mav be 
as nearly as possible iu a state of nature. 
There are full directions for making traps, 
skinning and stretching the hides. The 
hook costs 75 cents and is for sale by The 
Rural New-Yorker. 
The English bullfinch, one of the most 
attractive of native British birds, is ex¬ 
tremely destructive in the gardeu. Accord¬ 
ing to the London Gardeners’ Chronicle, 
during five mouths of the year this bird 
lives chiefly ou fruit buds, aiid youug fruit, 
and he not only devours the buds of plums, 
gooseberries, currants, etc., but also tears 
off wantonly more buds than he can eat. 
The bullfinch has long been a favorite 
cage bird abroad, as it can be taught to 
whistle various tunes; a few years ago a 
prominent bird-seller had one of these 
birds which he valued at $1,500, because 
of its extensive musical repertoire. 
Born to a Hereford cow on the Arthur 
Russell farm, in Johnson County, four 
calves, all alive and kicking. This remark¬ 
able contribution to the live stock of a 
prominent Johnson County farmer is be¬ 
lieved to be without a parallel in the 
State. There are two black and two red 
calves. One of each color lias a white 
face. They include three steers and a 
heifer. All four Jook exactly alike except 
as to color and all are of a size .—Lake 
City (Iowa) News. 
We like to record the feats of cham¬ 
pions, and this seems worthy of the list. 
When you write advertisers mention The 
R. N.-Y. and you'll get a quick reply and a 
“souare deal.” See guarantee editorial page. 
WHAT IS YOUR 
TIME WORTH ■ 
I F you were told you could make 
from $15 to $18 every day would 
you merely consider it “big talk,” 
or would you be willing to be shown ? 
If you want we can show you and 
prove to you as well that it is pos¬ 
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of your savings in a 
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TRACTION 
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The “Buckeye” is a simple machine 
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