iioe 
October 26, 
THE RURAt NEW-YORKER 
Inoculating Pigs. 
Last May the writer inoculated every 
pig and hog on the farm. It was done 
by an expert from the Ohio State Vet¬ 
erinary office. If a hog or pig is sick 
they will not inoculate it, but claim im¬ 
munity for all if healthy when this work 
is done. Sixty in all were inoculated. 
The veterinarian said two large sows 
showed too high a temperature, and a 
few shotes, the latter perhaps being 
caused by being in a close pen. How¬ 
ever, after a few. days all thrived won¬ 
derfully well. Near two weeks after 
the work was done in changing the feed 
they were overfed. Some were very 
sick for a time; five of the shotes died. 
One of the sows that showed too high 
a temperature was sick for two days 
and got all right. The other I thought 
was sick, but would not have been no¬ 
ticed except for the trouble with the 
other one. Now, September 30, all are 
doing finely. There seems to be no 
certainty just how long young pigs will 
remain immune after the treatment. 
Grown animals are thought to be im¬ 
mune for about one year. Many shotes 
and hogs have died within three miles 
of this farm, some quite recently, and I 
feel safe against the disease. But if I 
were selling these hogs for breeders, I 
would not put any guarantee on their 
being immune, and I hardly believe 
farmers have confidence enough in the 
system to pay any extra price for sup¬ 
posed immunity. Yet on my own part I 
will hope in the future to keep hogs 
inoculated, having confidence sufficient 
to cause me to pay the cost. 
Ross Co., Ohio, john m. jamison. 
Breeding Out Disease. 
Suppose we had breeds of animals 
which were immune to diseases and 
could go through a scourge of cholera 
or like troubles without danger. One can 
readily see what an advantage this 
would be. The scientific men are at 
work on this problem in the hope of 
producing certain “strains” or families 
which can resist disease. It was claimed 
for a time that the mule-foot breed of 
hogs would not be attacked by cholera. 
This has been disproved, though the 
breed seems able to withstand attacks 
better than some others. At the Kansas 
Agricultural College a detailed experi¬ 
ment is under way to try to help solve 
this problem: 
An experiment begun recently with 50 
mice—25 white and 25 gray ones—may, if 
successful, be valuable in throwing light 
on the problems of breeding for immunity 
in the higher animals. Plant breeders have 
been very successful in producing strains 
immune to plant diseases. Notable among 
these successes is the strain of wheat which 
is immune to wheat rust. This variety of 
wheat revolutionized wheat growing in the 
Northwest. But very little experimental 
work of this sort has been done with 
animals, though with so many contagious 
and infectious diseases with which to con¬ 
tend the field and the need for such ex¬ 
perimentation is great. White mice are 
susceptible to certain diseases to which 
gray mice are immune, and vice versa. 
These breeds ax - e to be crossed and the 
hybrids interbred among themselves. Then 
by inoculating the resultant offspring with 
germs of some disease to which white mice 
are susceptible, for example, it is hoped 
to obtain a strain of white mice, finally, 
that is immune to this disease. This is 
made possible through the famous discovery 
known as Mendel’s law. An attempt like¬ 
wise will be made to attain the same end 
by selecting individual white mice without 
crossing, which show marked resistance to 
disease, and breeding these among them¬ 
selves. 
AILING ANIMALS. 
Vicious Horse. 
Is there anything in the line of drugs 
to give a nervous, vicious horse to quiet 
it, and if so, what and how much? I 
have u very nervous mare. m. r. 
New Jersey. 
A graduate veterinarian might use 
chloral hydrate or hypodermic injections 
of morphine in such a case; but such drugs 
cannot safely be given by an amateur. It 
would be safe, however, for you to give 
half-ounce doses of bromide of potassium 
in water two or three times a day, at 
times when medicine is indicated, and 
then call the veterinarian if that drug does 
not avail. a. s. a. 
Dog with Indigestion. 
I have a dog a year and a half old 
that has not shed all of his old hair; his 
tongue is coated and he drools quite a 
little; does not have a very good appetite. 
New York. H. c. a. 
Physic the dog with castor oil in milk 
and then let him live an outdoor life, so 
far as possible. Feed one meal a day (at 
night), consisting of a meat bone (raw) 
and soup of meat, vegetables and meals; 
but do not feed potatoes. If he does not 
improve quickly give him worm medicine, 
which may be bought ready for use at any 
drug store. It is quite likely that he is 
harboring a tapeworm. a. s. a. 
Depraved Appetite. 
Will you please tell what harm it does 
a fresh cow to let her eat the afterbirth, 
or if it is an injury to her not to allow 
her to eat it? R. 
Indiana. 
The cow is a ruminant animal; not car¬ 
nivorous or omnivorous. The afterbirth is 
a fleshy tissue such as a carnivorous animal 
might eat with impunity; but it is a 
foreign body to an animal that chews the 
cud and is gotten rid of largely by de¬ 
composition in the paunch. What a cow 
in the wild state can do without ill effects 
often is impossible to the domesticated, 
pampered weakened cow. The cow on the 
range may eat the afterbirth and possibly 
show no ill effects, or such effects are not 
noticed, or if noticed are not attributed 
to the right cause. Personally we have 
seen many a case where the cow was 
greatly injured by eating the afterbirth 
and in some instances death has resulted 
from the act. a. s. a. 
Garget. 
I have a cow troubled with every calf 
(she has had three) with a substance form¬ 
ing in her udder. Sometimes it is stringy 
and stops the milk flow, and again it is 
a thick, cream-colored substance that clogs 
the strainer, so much so that the strainer 
has to be removed and washed. The cow 
seems to be in pain while being milked, 
and behaves very badly. This cow will be 
fresh again in December. w. e. h. 
She has had subacute attacks of garget 
and the udder remains affected. It seldom 
pays to fuss with such a cow and she 
should be sold for slaughter as soon as 
the milk flow proves profitless after the 
next calving. Meanwhile massage the 
udder three times a day, strip away the 
milk at least three times a day and at 
night rub udder with warm melted lard. 
Any time the udder is badly affected give 
a physic and follow with a tablespoonful 
of saltpeter once daily in the drinking 
water for four or five days. Ropy milk 
most often is due to bacteria in the milk 
utensils, so be careful to scald and sun¬ 
dry all milk vessels. a. s. a. 
Loss of Pigs. 
I would like your opinion of the cause 
of the death of these pigs: I had five 
Spring pigs; they had kept in fine condi¬ 
tion all Summer, and would weigh about 
100 pounds each at the time the trouble 
began, the latter part of August. The first 
pig lost its appetite, would stand humped 
on its hind legs. I took it from the pen 
and let it run, fed very little, and in 
two days it appeared as well as ever, and 
I put it back in the pen. At about this 
time I found a pig which had shown no 
signs of sickness dead in the pen. In a 
few days the pig which was first taken 
sick became sick again, refused to eat, 
breathed very hard and died in about 24 
hours. In a few days I found a third 
dead, also without signs of sickness. I 
then made a new pen some distance from 
the old one, and removed the two which 
were left, but in a few days noticed one 
breathing very hard in the afternoon. At 
night it refused to eat and died later. The 
fifth and last one I found dead a few 
mornings later, also without signs of 
.Sickness. They had a comfortable pen, 
faii'-sized yard, with brook of nice clear 
water running through it. They were fed 
milk fresh from the separator and butter¬ 
milk, also a few apples. A neighbor thinks 
the trouble all caused from feeding milk 
without removing the froth, but I have 
fed pigs in this way for about 10 years 
and have always had good results. 
New York. M, d. 
It is a mistake to feed separator milk 
without removing the froth. It has been 
reported to the writer many times that 
such milk has killed pigs. It is also 
wrong to confine pigs to a pen and to 
feed heavily on one food. The pigs should 
have had free range on grass and a mixed 
slop of meals made up with milk and fed 
from cleansed troughs. It seems likely to 
us, however, that the pigs died from a 
contagious disease, such as hog cholera, or 
it is ipossible that death was due to 
apoplexy, induced by indigestion from ovei’- 
feeding and lack of exercise. a. s. a. 
Death of Hogs. 
Last Fall I bought two Chester White 
pigs; they grew very nicely until Spring, 
when one of them died very suddenly. The 
other seemed to be all right when recently 
he died the same way as the first one (he 
weighed 275 pounds). Both of them were 
in good health and both died in about two 
or three minutes, and after a couple of 
hours their bodies were stained with big 
purple spots. They were fed with cooked 
potatoes and one quart of middlings three 
times a day and some buttermilk twice a 
week; lately I give one-half bushel of sweet 
apples a day but no potatoes. I would 
like to know what was the matter with 
them and if I was wrong in feeding. They 
had a good big yard with two big cherry 
trees in it to give them all the shade 
they wanted. V. E. G. 
Connecticut. 
The pigs may have died from apoplexy 
from overfeeding, but cholera is so preva¬ 
lent that it is most to be suspected as the 
cause of death and especially so as the 
body turned purple. A post-mortem ex¬ 
amination should have been made by an 
expert to determine cause of death. 
a. s. a. 
Cough. 
We have a litter of registered Chester 
White pigs, born about the middle of April; 
they got a bad attack of lice, which I think 
came from some sand we had dumped in 
the orchard where these pigs are kept. 
After having lice for about two weeks, 
which we could not overtake, a scabby rash 
broke out on their bodies, especially around 
their hind feet and tail. We oiled their 
bodies with common machine oil, then in 
a day or so gave them a thorough wash¬ 
ing, soap aixd water with a little carbolic 
acid added. This attack has naturally set 
them back in growth, but after several 
washings), also these late rains, (before 
which we sprinkled wood ashes over their 
bodies, they now seem to be rid of the 
lice and are looking much better. Now 
they have what I think is a symptom of 
Jung worm ; they will stand around the 
trough after every feeding and sneeze, 
cough and try to vomit up their meals. I 
feed them wheat middlings, cornmeal and 
mixed feed, also skim milk. Will you ad¬ 
vise me of a remedy? t. 
New York. 
Y’ou should have xised a 1-100 solution 
of coal tar dip for lice, or mixed one part 
of kerosene with two parts of machine oil 
and poured it freely along backbone of 
each pig, by means of an oil can. There 
is no specific cure for lung worms of pigs, 
but if well fed they should throw off the 
trouble. As other worms are commonly 
present in such cases it is well to mix tur¬ 
pentine in the slop once daily fox 1 three 
days, at the rate of one teaspoonful for 
each 80 pounds of pig. This may be re¬ 
peated in 10 days. a. s. a. 
Protection Against Deer. —I solved 
the deer question by making a whitewash, 
adding some flour,” starch and cayenne 
pepper, a good dose, and whitewashed the 
trees and branches as high as the deer 
would be likely to bite, and for three years 
they did not molest me. Before they were 
here in droves. Last Spring they came 
back in droves. I did the same thing 
again. I find a track of one occasionally, 
but did not see one all Summer. I am as 
free from damage by deer as if there were 
none in the State. J. p. n. 
Saybrook, Conn. 
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Box 12 
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