1128 
THE RURA.Lv NEW-YORKER 
November 2, 
THE ORANGE COUNTY POULTRY HOUSE. 
Part II. 
What next? Why,' the hens do the 
rest until it is time to gather the eggs 
at night. I am free, so far as the hens 
are concerned, to work in the garden, 
talk politics with the neighbors, or even 
lie in the hammock and listen to the 
hens cackle. It takes two or three 
minutes for each unit, or 12 for 1,000 
hens. It usually takes a little more 
time at night to gather the eggs, but 
not much. Four cows, we have seen, 
takes two hours. 
I give them the day’s supply of mixed 
grains all at one time, usually about 
two ounces per hen. After that is con¬ 
sumed they finish out from the dry- 
mash hopper which is always open. In 
Winter a few whole beets are thrown to 
them for green feed, and during the 
moulting season a light feed of wet 
mash is sometimes given after the eggs 
are gathered at night. In addition to 
this daily care the grain barrel and dry 
mash hopper need to be filled once a 
week, and the droppings removed about 
once a month. This part of the work 
can be done by any common laborer, 
and the droppings are worth more than 
enough as fertilizer to pay for having 
it done, if it is desirable to hire some¬ 
one else to do it. While cow men are 
getting out of bed at 4.30 or 5 a. m. to 
milk; apy.time before 7 a. in. .in Summer 
or 8 a. m.. in Winter is early enough 
to begin the- care of the business hen. 
In the s-hort .Cold days of Winter the 
liens' arc snug on their pefches soon 
after 4 p. m., while'tcows; must be 
. mrlked; after 5 p. nv as'a'rule. 
.. How about profits? How much money 
do you have left from- four-cows in a 
year • as returns for your labor after 
dediVcting all other expenses ? Does 
anyone here claim more than . was al¬ 
lowed: by the Farmers’ Institute force 
that visited this county last -.Winter? 
Mr. A. J. Nichol, of Delhi, N. Y., taking 
the records of cow testing associations 
as proof, where special pains have been 
taken to weed out unprofitable animals, 
figured it as being about $45 per cow, or 
$180 for four cows. This was on the 
basis of prices that prevailed in the 
Winter of 1910-1911, and is quite dif¬ 
ferent from $1,000 from 1,000 liens. No 
one, so far as 1 know, has dared figure 
on $25 hay and $34 corn, prices that 
ruled in this county last Winter. We 
would probably need a microscope to 
see the figures. It is not difficult to get 
$1,000 worth of eggs from 1,000 hens, 
in excess of the cost of their feed, even 
where all the grain, etc., is purchased. 
Many poultry-men are doing better than 
that, particularly where a new supply of 
pullets is raised each year. I usually 
keep my hens -until four or five years 
old, and have no trouble to clear $1 a 
hen at present prices. An average of 
100 eggs per hen will do it, even if most 
of them are laid between March 1 and 
October 1. 
The one feature of the Orange County 
.poultry house that distinguishes it from 
all others is the fact that a bird never 
has to be handled or moved to new 
quarters from the time it is one day old 
until its life of usefulness is at an end. 
This saves lots of disagreeable labor. 
One end of the building, used for roost¬ 
ing quarters after the birds are grown, 
is also used as a brooder room. By 
means of a hot water radiator standing 
in the center of the room, and a small 
coal fire in the outer room, a space 
• seven feet square in the center of the 
room is kept at a temperature of 90 to 
100 degrees, close to the floor. The 
chicks run to this warm spot whenever 
they feel the need of extra warmth 
during the day, and spread themselves 
about on, or near it at night in cozy 
comfort. They have' the run of the 
whole room, the other portions of which 
are cooler. After about a week they 
are given the run of the open-end from 
room, which is 24x24 feet' square. This 
is protected with wire netting at the 
open end. They are here safe from 
such enemies as cats, hawks, rats, etc , 
until large enough to be given free 
range with safety. I have raised one 
. lot in such an inclosure that laid over 
1,000 eggs before they were six months 
old, and had never been out of doors. 
This house is built under a United 
States patent, but the whole cost, in¬ 
cluding plans, rights, etc., is less than 
$1 per hen. It is recommended to start 
with 600 to 700 chicks, all of-one age; 
remove the brooder and install perches 
at eight to 10 weeks old, remove the 
cockerels when large enough to sell for 
broilers, then cull the pullets down to 
about 250. o. w. mapes-. . 
Warts. 
] have a heifer that has had her first 
calf; her teats are all covered with warts. 
They will fall off and new ones come, and 
her udder on one side is covered. It is 
hard to milk her. What can I do? 
Maine. . m. w. 
Twice a day rub the affected parts with 
best castor oil or fresh goose grease and 
the warts will soon disappear. a. s. a. 
Pig with Cough. 
What is the best treatment for a five- 
months-old pig which has a dry, hacking 
cough and has got very poor and lost his 
good appetite? lie has the use of his 
limbs but appears very weak on his feet. 
New Jersey. c. t. w. 
It is likely that tuberculosis is the cause 
of the cough, seeing that the pig has be¬ 
come thin and weak; but the presence of 
lung worms, leading to pneumonia, occa¬ 
sionally produces somewhat similar condi¬ 
tions. Under the circumstances it will not 
pay you to treat the pig, and if tuberculosis 
is found on post-mortem examination it 
may be taken as probable that other pigs 
have the disease. The malady is con¬ 
tracted from the affected milk of tuber¬ 
culous cows. It may come to the farm- in 
factory skim-milk. When tuberculosis is 
found among swine the dairy cows from 
which they are fed milk should be tested 
with tuberculin. a. s. a. 
Hoof Formation. 
I have a mare five years old, thrifty and 
hearty in every respect so far as 1 can see, 
but she has something the matter with 
both hind feet. The hoofs are quite soft, 
and are inclined to spread at the heel, and 
have a thin, leathery growth on the frog 
and under part of hoof and also at top 
of hoof all around near the hair line, it 
does not seem to do her any harm in any 
way at present, but if it will ever be 
detrimental I should like very much to 
learn a remedy for same. What is the 
cause and can it be cured? k. c. b. 
California. 
The tissue you describe is normal and 
is known as the perioplic band, which se¬ 
cretes periople, or varnish, forming the 
cortical layer or coating of the hoof, in¬ 
tended by the Creator to prevent evapora¬ 
tion of hoof moisture. Where a hoof is 
poulticed for a few days, or where wet 
swabs are kept tied around the hoof head 
for such a time, the perioplic band be- 
- comes white in color and is easily noticed. 
We suspect that your horse is standing in 
wet and filth, or wading in wet grass. 
Keep the stall floor dry and clean and bed 
with planing mill shavings or sawdust. 
A. S. A. 
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i STANCHION 
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