1138 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
November 
BUILDING AN ICEHOUSE. 
J. V. C., Stillwater, N. J .—Will you give 
me some information in regard to build¬ 
ing. an icehouse? Can I put a concrete 
bottom in an icehouse I already have, as 
the ice wastes from the bottom, and I can¬ 
not keep it? 
Ans.—J ust consider that insulation 
from the outside heat is what is needed. 
When J. V. C. thinks that concrete is 
a fairly good conductor of heat and 
cold, he will understand that the ce¬ 
ment would not be ideal construction, 
unless a layer of non-conductive mate¬ 
rial was placed between the earth and 
concrete. I have used cinders from 
railroad roundhouse to fill beneath the 
floor of a refrigerator and ice tanks for 
cans of cream, with good results. The 
best keeping icehouse I have ever had 
experience with was built so the floor 
was 12 inches above pond level; a con¬ 
crete cast wall went below water level, 
and a foot above ground to keep the 
sills dry. This prevented any air getting 
under the ice, and is an important part 
to look to. Small stones and coal ashes 
were used in filling, and on these a floor 
of old 4x4 and lj4-inch stuff, spaced 
and all filled with sawdust. This would 
drain sufficiently, as about one-half the 
bottom cakes, six inches, was all that 
wasted. This house was 22 x 26 feet, 
18-foot posts; wall double-boarded each 
side and sawdust between; four inches 
all around top was open for ventilation, 
and each end had a large space open at 
center. 
In packing ice have cakes as true as 
possible, and do not let small pieces re¬ 
main in the house, for they only melt 
and wet the sawdust. Do not cover 
over six inches on top, but watch that 
no holes come to let air down, and as 
ice is taken out do not let over six to 
eight inches of dust be on it at any 
time, and keep it well ventilated so as 
to dry the sawdust and keep it a better 
non-conductor. 
To the specific drainage question, yes, 
sufficient to take off the water from 
melting ice and so graded that no sur¬ 
face water can get in. Be sure that 
no air can get under or next the ice. 
T. M. T. 
ORCHARD ON NEW LAND. 
T. A., Parkersburg, W. Va .—I am put¬ 
ting out a small commercial orchard, apples 
and peaches. I put out 300 apples iast 
Spring and 150 peaches, and this Fall I 
am going to put out 600 more apples, and 
350 peaches next Spring. The site I have 
selected is virgin soil, cleared two years 
ago. Part of the land has been cropped 
twice and part only once. The soil is rich, 
black loam; it is what we call iu this 
country a “cove,” facing north to north¬ 
east, and high hill land. The first thing 
I wish to know is what you have to say 
about the use of new land or virgin soil 
for apples and peaches. I have read a 
great deal about the different kinds of soil 
for fruit of this character, and how it 
should be prepared and cultivated, but have 
never seen any discussion of newly cleared 
land as a site for an orchard. Orchards 
in this country are usually set out in old 
land, but so little attention has been given 
to fruit growing in this section that but 
little can be learned from observation or 
the experience of others. Trees are usually 
set out and left to struggle for their own 
existence, with all kinds of insects, scale, 
frosts, weeds, brush and farm stock, but 
in spite of all these obstacles they grow 
to maturity and bear excellent fruit. The 
site I have selected for my orchard, as 
above stated, is very rich naturally and 
that means, of course, rank growths of 
weeds and sprouts, and it will be expensive 
to cultivate until these are killed out. If 
I could raise a crop of some sort occa¬ 
sionally on the ground without injury to 
the trees, it would help to pay expenses. 
I know what fruit men say against rais¬ 
ing grain crops in an orchard, especially 
while the trees are young. I have planted 
the apples 32 feet apart, and a peach 
between the apples. What would you say 
to taking a crop or two of corn off the 
land, leaving eight feet on each side of 
the rows of trees and planting the remain¬ 
ing strip to corn? This is a good to¬ 
bacco country, how would it do to plant 
in tobacco, say next year? There is no 
crop that cleans land in this country like 
tobacco, and it seems to leave the land in 
excellent condition for either grain or 
grass, but I do not know what effect it 
would have on young trees, as I have 
never seen the experiment tried. Then, 
again, I have considered the plan of set 
ting out a couple of rows of blackberries 
or raspberries between the rows of apple 
trees and allow them to grow there until 
the trees are large enough to interfere 
with them, or until the apples come into 
bearing, but it is an experiment never tried 
in this country, so far as I know. 
Ans. —The site and soil for the or¬ 
chard are excellent, judging of their 
description. New land is all right for 
apples, peaches and other fruits, too, 
provided it is rich, and this “mountain 
cove” soil is ideal for this purpose. The 
newness of the land is no objection 
whatever to it, provided the sprouts 
from wild growth are not allowed to 
grow, but the fact that there has been 
a crop or two grown on it is so much 
the better. There is no objection to 
growing corn, potatoes or almost any 
crop that has to be well cultivated in a 
young orchard, but never any sowed 
crop of small grain. These crops may 
be grown as near the trees as will admit 
of good room for horse and cultivator 
between them. Melons, pumpkins or 
some such thing may be grown in the 
tree rows and their vines will occupy 
the ground, keep it cool and hurt noth¬ 
ing, but rather do it good and yield 
some return besides. When the trees 
are large enough to shade the ground 
about them for a considerable distance 
their roots are occupying it as well and 
cropping must be stopped. The good 
tillage must go on or else the entire 
area seeded to clover and this mowed 
and allowed to rot on the ground. To¬ 
bacco would not injure the trees for 
one or two crops, but I would not like 
to grow a crop of the vile stuff in an 
orchard of mine, because it would be 
helping along a bad business. 
The plan of growing peach trees 
among apple trees as fillers I do not 
like. They need different culture in 
some degree and different spraying. 
Their roots 'will rob the apple roots 
after bearing age comes on unless dug 
out before they have stood many years. 
I would plant apple trees as fillers, using 
such kinds as Black Ben, Wealthy and 
some others that will bear soon and be 
ready to be dug out when the perma¬ 
nent trees need all the space. Let the 
peach trees be set in a place by them¬ 
selves. H. E. VAN DEMAN. 
When you write advertisers mention The 
R. N.-Y. and you’ll get a quick reply and a 
“square deal.” See guarantee editorial page. 
Farming without an 
Engine is like 
Plowing with a 
Wooden Plow 
and POW8K SLMUVKRS 
Just to give you a homely example—two men with a 
HFVn PORTABLE 
DC, I \J ENGINE 
will saw more firewood in half a day than six men 
in a week with buck-saws, and the cost will be less 
than one-tenth the wages of the six men. Had you 
thought of an Engine in this way? Let us tell you 
more about DEYO ENGINES and POWER SPRAYERS built 
for better and longer service, to be run by any 
farmer, with less wear and tear and gasoline than 
any other Engine. Sizes to 16 H.P7 
Write, to us or our nearest selling agents 
Dityo-Macey Enoine Co., 22 Washington St., Binflhamton, N Y. 
Largest Gasoline Engine Manufacturers in the East 
J. S. Woodhouso, 189-195 Water St., Now York 
D. M. Hough & Son, 402 W. 9th Ave., Columbus, Ohio 
Air-Cooled Twin Cylinder 
“BEST MADE,” says McDaniels 
“Gentlemen : 
We have been using an 8 h.p. ‘NEW-WAY’— 
have just bought a 12 h.p. and if we need a third 
will buy tlio ‘ NEW WAY’ because it gives bet¬ 
ter results than any other—to our knowledge it 
is the best and most economical engine made. 
McDaniels Milling Co., McDaniels, N.Y.” 
Write now for Catalog No. 5 
Meres Company 
La using, Hkmcan, U.S.A. 
WE BUY OLD BAGS 
SOUND AND TORN 
We Pay the Freight 
IROQUOIS BUG CO. 
725 BROADWAY. BUFFALO, N. Y. 
QAVE 25 TO 50 PER CENT. ON HARNESS. Buy divect 
u from factory No traveling men. Get our illus¬ 
trated catalogue. Cast iron contract given on ail 
work. Read what our Grange say of us. 
BROWN, WHITTEN & CO.,Fine Bush, N.Y. 
RAW FURS 
If you want the Highest Prices, Liberal 
Grading and Prompt Returns, write 
now for Market Report and Price List. 
B. J. Mai back 
130 W. 25th St. New York 
RAW FURS 
G. I. FOX, 279 
Seventh Ave., 
N. Y. A square 
deal, liberal as¬ 
sortment, top 
prices. Write 
for price list. 
Concrete Porches 
Concrete adds a touch of beauty to the home—but that’s only 
one attraction. Concrete porches will outlast the strongest 
house, unless that, too, is built with concrete. Be sure to use the 
best cement. Insist upon 
f rUTrUPORTLAND 
LLlilWlCEMENT 
Concrete porches and steps are sightly, need no repairs, cheaper in the 
long run than wood and when made with Lehigh have no superior. 
Lehigh is always the same—never changes its color, strength or 
quality. That’s why big engineers insist on Lehigh. Look for 
LEHIGH on every bag. 
as 
P 
me] 
EMS-V 
KSFSrh 
UEai 
Two Practical Farm Books Free 
Our two splendid books, “The Modern Farmer” and “Concrete Silos’ 
give just the practical information which every farmer wants, 
about the best ways to use concrete in every form of construc¬ 
tion around the farm. These books will be sent you absolutely 
free, on receipt of your name and address. Write 
LEHIGH PORTLAND CEMENT CO. 
Dept. 3898, Allentown, Pa. 
i 
1 
■■W 
II Mills, 11.000.000 Barrels 
Capacity 
<671 
Lehigh 
sets the 
standard 
SKUNK 
At. J. Jewett A Sous, 
We buy Skunk, Mink,Musk¬ 
rat and all other raw furs at 
highest market prices, and 
give liberal assortments and 
“A square deal” to everyone. 
_i Price-list free. 
Redwood, N. Y„ Uepfc. 20 
FREE TO TRAPPERS! 
Fur Nows Magazine tells all about 
trapping, hunting, fishing, raw furs, 
_ giuseng; also lots of good stories 
and instructive articles. Monthly, $1 a year. FREE 
OFFER. Send 25e.for 3 months’ trial and get “Mink Trap- 
pingSecrets” Froo. Fur Farming for Profit, new book. 192 
pp.. cloth bound.75c.,all about raising fur bearing animals. 
Fur News Pub. Co., 50 W. 24th St., New York, Room 520 
sm: 
ATTENTION 
Manufacturer’s Samples; Gentlemen’s black broadcloth 
Fur Lined Overcoats; lined throughout vith Australian 
Mink; large Persian lamb Collars. Sizes 36 to 18, §30 
each. These coats have never been worn. Similar gar¬ 
ments not used as samples, retail at §75, Several Ladies’ 
Furs; beautiful Scarf, large stylish Muff, S15 set. Also 
few large size Fur Robes, plush lined,$1% each. All guaranteed 
new. .Sent by express with privilege of examination before 
paying for them. Remit only express charges. Write or call. 
E. ROBERTS, Room 21 ,160 West 119th St., New York. 
RAW FURS WANTED 
Highest Market Prices Liberal Assortment, 
Prompt Returns 
Write immediately for price list 
Louis A. Rubenstein Fur Co. 
Dept. B, 52 West 28th Street, New York 
Raw Furs Wanted! 
Put your own price on, and if we cannot 
pay same will return at our expense. 
Write for price list, it costs you nothing. Dept. C. 
WARENOFF & KLEIN 
!62 W. 24th Street New York 
SKUNKS and ALL 
OTHER FURS 
We want them. If you have 
never written tons for a price 
list, do so at once and he kept 
posted throughout the season. 
We want Furs from the East¬ 
ern States and Canada only. 
CHARLES A. KAUNE 
284 Bridge Montgomery, N. Y. 
FUR SHIPPERS 
WE WILL PAY YOU YOUR 
OWN PRICE FOR YOUR FURS 
Make us a trial shipment stating how much you 
want for same and we will pay you as much, or 
more, than you expect, or we will return your furs, 
express prepaid. 
Send in your name and address, at once, and we 
will send tags: also “ The Scboeneu Fur Reporter ” 
our own publication, containing market reports 
and LATEST QUOTATIONS. We keep you 
posted all winter. Write today. 
H. A. SCHOENEN 
277 Seventh Uventie, - New York, N. Y. 
Raw Fur shippers 
A postal will bring you a trustworthy price list 
Issued from November to March. Avoid shipping 
to commission houses and extremely high quoters. 
Thirty years’ experience.with best of references, 
personal assortment and cash for all shipments, 
ought to be sufficient. All shipments held separate 
on request. A trial will convince you. 
LEMUEL BLACK, Exporter Raw Furs, Hightstown, N. J. 
□ A \IU CM O Q highest cash 
rr U It O PRICES PAID 
FOR SKUNK, MINK, MUSKRAT, ETC. 
We guarantee full satisfaction or 
return furs free of charge. Send 
for price list and market reports. 
J. HENRY STICHT 6 CO. 
46 WEST 29th STREET, NEW YORK 
Positively the Best Firm to Sell Raw Furs 
We pay all express charges and charge no commission 
RAW FURS WANTED 
I PAY THE HIGHEST CASH PRICES for nil 
kinds of raw furs, and GUARANTEE YCU 
THE VERY BEST RETURNS you 
can getforyourfurs Itvill 
pay you to get my price lists, 
and ways of doing business 
before you sell. Write to¬ 
day without fail to 
0. L. SLENKER 
Box 23 0 East Liberty, 0. 
WE TAN 
Every kind of Skins, Horso and Cattle hides for 
Rugs, Robes and Coats. Wo make Ladies’ and Gents’ 
Fur Coats, Scarfs, Muffs, Gloves, etc., from skins sent 
us to be tanned, ffe guarantee everything wo make. 
Send for Illustrated Catalogue. 
TAXIDERMY IN ALL ITS BRANCHES 
THE PELOQUIN FUR TANNING CO., 
386 East Main St., Rochester, N. Y. 
Established 1894 
LET US TAN 
YOUR HIDE. 
Cattle or Horse hide. Calf, Dog, Deer, 
or any kind of skin with hair or fur on. 
We tan and finish them right; make 
them into coats (for men and women), 
robes, rugs or gloves when ordered. 
Your fur goods will cost you less than 
to buy them, and be worth more. Our 
illustrated catalog gives a lot of in¬ 
formation which every stocK raiser 
should have, but wo never send out this 
valuable book except upon request. 
It tolls how to take off and care for 
bides: how and when wo pay the freight 
both ways ; about our safe dyeing pro¬ 
cess which is a tremendous advantage 
to the customer, especially on horse 
hides and call skins ; about the fur 
goods and game trophies we sell, taxi¬ 
dermy, etc. If you want a copy send us 
your correct address. 
The Crosby Frisian Fur Company, 
S71 Lyeil Ave., Rochester. N. Y. 
A. SUSKIND & CO., RAW PURS 
Formerly SUSKIND & LEVY, 159 W. 24th St., New York 
WRITE FOR OUR PRICE LIS T-IT PAYS TO HAVE ONE 
