1140 
THE) RURAT) NEW-TORKER 
November 9, 
Hope Farm Notes 
New Peaches. —Plere is a note from 
J. W. Stubenrauch of Texas, which will 
interest peach growers: 
I notice in a recent issue that you have 
lost quite some peaches with the brown 
rot. I am satisfied that these were mostly 
Salwav. I have had it in years gone by 
that full half of Salway, Picquet and Levy 
would be lost after a few showers followed 
by warm sunshine. These old varieties 
are not smooth enough ; they are also too 
fuzzy, giving easy lodgment to rot spores. 
Do you not find that the rot mostly starts 
at either the stem cavity or in the crease 
of the peach? This is my reason for call¬ 
ing such peaches as Barbara and Katie 
“ideal peaches.’’ They have a smooth sur¬ 
face, tough skin, with but little fuzz. Then 
the meat is packed so tight around the pit, 
leaving no room for cavity separating meat 
from pit. This will prevent water entering 
and thus causing decay. Under our con¬ 
ditions here there is just as much difference 
in value between Barbara and Salway as 
there is between Carman and Early Rivers. 
It is a rare thing for me to see a rotten 
specimen of these tougher kinds, and those 
are really the kinds that we require to 
make the business more profitable. 
Texas. J. w. stubenrauch. 
Mr. Stubenrauch has made a perfect 
guess. The brown rot was worst on 
Salway, next on Levy’s Late. It came 
like a scourge after a period of rain fol¬ 
lowed by warm weather without wind. 
I think windy weather helps somewhat 
by blowing the germs away. This idea of 
developing smooth varieties without fur 
or “fuzz” is a good one. On most of 
the sanitary milk farms they make the 
milkers shave off their beards—so as to 
have less lodgement for germs! Fruit 
development seems to be coming to the 
point where the “originators” are breed¬ 
ing and selecting for certain definite 
points—like this smooth cheek in the 
peach. Two weeks ago we showed a 
picture of the Belle of Georgia peach 
as we grow it here. This variety is 
quite well known as a white sister of 
Elberta—coming from practically the 
same lot of seed. The Belle is white, 
very showy and with good flavor. It 
does well with us and we find it profita¬ 
ble. 
I believe that if the farmers would be 
more ready and willing to sell to home 
consumers that the 35-cont dollar would in- 
ci’ease to 50 and 75 cents. Yet it is a 
fact our local grocers are selling farm pro¬ 
duce that has passed through the city 
wholesalers, over the railroad, and con¬ 
sumers here have to pay at least 50 per 
cent more than they ought, and our far¬ 
mers claim that they do not get as much 
as they ought to for their produce. I 
wanted oats for my chickens and got some 
said to have been raised in Michigan, yet 
a farmer only two miles away shipped his 
by railway 30 miles to Schenectady. It 
looks unbusiness like to me. N. h. d. 
Many such cases are reported to us. 
Right here in Northern New Jersey 
with towns at every corner much the 
same thing often occurs. I know 
farmers who haul potatoes and fruit 
and eggs to New York or Paterson. 
The grocers at these little towns drive 
to the large cities and haul these same 
goods back to their stores. Often a 
farmer on his way to the large city, 
will meet a grocer coming back with 
goods that were hauled from the farm 
the day before. This farmer will pass 
by the very store where his goods are 
finally sold. Now this plan is all wrong. 
The local market should be thoroughly 
supplied first of all. That is the best 
chance to increase the 35-cent dollar. 
When 'we ship to the big markets and 
let them ship back to our own local 
markets and others, we make the rail¬ 
roads a present of what belongs to us 
and increase the power of the big mar¬ 
kets to secure a monopoly. The best 
way I can think of is for a dozen or 15 
good neighbors to combine and open a 
store of their own, or arrange with 
some good grocer to sell for them. Tee 
great big organization to control the 
city trade is out of the question until 
we are trained to hang together in small 
units. 
Fall Sowing Grain.— Here is one 
that I cannot answer fully: 
On account of the difficulty of working 
our lauds in the early Spring, we would 
like to prepare the land in the Fall and 
sow all the grain we can before Winter 
that will germinate well. Our idea is to 
sow just before the ground freezes for the 
Winter. In the climate of Maine, can the 
following be grown successfully: Timothy, 
Red-top, clover, Dwarf Essex rape, oats, 
rye and barley, if sown so late? If so, it 
would help us quite a lot. R. 
Maine. 
The “Contented State” is too far 
above New Jersey for me to decide. 
Our own experience is that Timothy, 
Red-top, clover and rye, would come 
through fairly well, and make a good 
start in Spring. Oats and barley would 
be likely to fail. I should think the rape 
would get through safely an turnips do, 
but I do not know. There are lots of 
our people who do know. Suppose they 
spread their information. If we can 
tuck our grain away in the frozen soil 
like pork in the brine barrel and have 
it come out safely in Spring it would 
help some of us. 
Doubling Crops Up. —Not with any 
disease which would resemble stomach 
ache, but growing two crops on the 
same acre each year. Here is what one 
man lower on down the coast has done: 
What I have done successfully with 15 
acres of “poor land” in Ocean County, 
New Jersey, 1912. This I have on 15 acres 
for 1912 : 1,000 cabbages, extra fine ; 100 
bushels sugar beets and mangels, extra 
large; 5 tons pumpkins; 200 bushels po¬ 
tatoes, one acre; 224 bushels corn, three 
acres; two acres oats and peas cut for hay, 
four feet high; one acre pearl millet cut 
twice, four feet high; two acres corn fod¬ 
der, eight to 10 feet high, cut green for 
fodder; 12 acres rye plowed in for corn 
and cow peas (May 20) ; two acres beans 
and Soy beans, most luxuriant; one acre 
garden in variety of vegetables ; three acres 
Crimson clover ; one acre Alfalfa ; two acres 
Cow-horn turnips; 10 acres rye; six acres 
cow peas plowed down for rye, Oct. 1, 
1912 ; two acres seeded to grass seed. 
Of course I had to double up and hustle 
crops pretty lively to produce on 15 acres 
more than is usually produced here on 45 
acres. Fertilizers: Manure and tillage did 
the trick. Not a weed was allowed to go 
to seed. t. l. meinikheim. 
Ocean Co., N. J. 
I know Mr. Meinikheim and believe 
he has just what he says. But here are 
45 acres in crops and there are only 
15 on the farm. What has he got, a 
three-storied farm? Yes, and the Cow- 
horn turnips and Alfalfa are elevators 
carrying Miss Nitrogen, Judge Potash 
and Prof. Phosphoric Acid up from the 
cellar. We have one piece of ground 
here which was in sod this Spring and 
gave good pasture. This was plowed 
and seeded to oats and peas. After 
this was cut the stubble was disked and 
cabbage plants set out. Rye is seeded 
among the cabbage. Next year this rye 
will make fodder and then the ground 
can grow corn or potatoes. Another 
field gave us a good crop of rye fodder 
then a fine crop of corn and now has 
a thick mat of clover and turnips. This 
is what Mr. Meinikheim means. He 
has made his 15 acres grow two and 
three crops this season. That is what 
we are coming to at this end of the 
country. We cannot afford any longer 
to let our land lie bare during the Fall 
and Winter. A man came to me not 
long ago and said “You are a persistent 
cuss!” I thought it a great compliment 
when he went on to say that the con¬ 
stant harping on the value of cover 
crops had finally induced him to try 
vetch and clover and rye. He had made 
a remarkable success. Anyone can do 
the same if he will only think and 
stick right to it. It requires some bull¬ 
dog to hang to this plan of cover crop¬ 
ping in the face of what many of the 
neighbors will say, but bull-dog blood 
is worth while. I have seen our hard 
soil slowly grow more mellow and fine 
as we plow crop after crop into it. 
Can you give any probable reason for 
peaches dropping from trees just before 
time of ripening? No apparent disease, 
worms or injury of any sort. Trees are 
rather old and in henyard, well populated. 
Season has been very dry. Yards grew two 
crops of i - ape, eaten by hens. M. p. l. 
There may be some reason that is 
not apparent. Grown in the henyard 
the trees may have been stimulated too 
much and so lack the power to hang on 
to their fruit. Wood ashes or potash 
and phosphate would give them a better 
grip. The dry weather last year fol¬ 
lowed by the fierce Winter weakened 
many old trees. They started to load 
up heavily with fruit but lacked the 
vitality to carry it through. I should 
“dishorn” such old trees, or cut them 
back severely and use wood ashes around 
them. That will give them new vigor 
and grip. h. w. c. 
difference in results is great 
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