is©e 
THE RURAL, NEW-YORKER 
December 2 
FEEDING PROBLEMS. 
Cow Questions. 
1. Is pumpkin a good milk producer, 
and how much is it advisable to give a 
cow? 2. Can you give a cow as much 
green fodder corn as she wants? 3. Must 
a cow have salt and how much should I 
give? 4. My cow does not always drink 
water. What is the matter? Is it because 
her stomach is not in order, and what do 
you prefer giving a oow to keep the 
stomach in order? c. R. 
New York. 
1. Pumpkins are called good feed for 
milch cows, and are largely grown for that 
purpose throughout the Eastern States. 
You can feed as high as 40 pounds per day 
to each cow if necessary, but I would not 
advise feeding over one-half of this amount, 
using it to furnish succulence rather than 
as a principal form of nutrition. In other 
words, it is advisable to use pumpkins in 
small amounts to supplement the regular 
milk-producing ration, rather than as a 
principal part of that ration. 
2. We feed all the green corn fodder 
our cows will eat and digest properly. 
There is very little danger of a cow eating 
too much, except when the corn is very 
young and tender and the cows unaccus¬ 
tomed to eating it. With this as with any 
other new feed, great care should be used 
in feeding it for the first few days, mak¬ 
ing the change very gradually. In this 
way all trouble will usually be avoided. 
3. Salt is necessary for all kinds of cat¬ 
tle, but the amount to feed varies some¬ 
what with the individual. Ordinarily a 
cow should have free access to all the salt 
she will eat every day. When salt is mixed 
with the grain for cows in full flow of 
milk it is safe to use from one-half to 
three-fourths of an ounce per day for each 
cow, but some cows require moie than this 
amount. 
4. If your cow is fed and salted regu¬ 
larly and properly you will have no trouble 
with her not drinking water in sufficient 
quantity. I would not advise any stomach 
regulator except proper feed unless in a 
case of indigestion we give a quart of 
linseed oil (raw) or a pound of epsom 
salts. 
Feeding for Milk. 
Will you give me some information on 
feeding my cows to produc° ® good flow 
of milk and butter? I am feeding two 
cows, each cow five pounds of cotton-seed 
meal and five pounds of red dog ship stuff, 
per day, making 10 pounds w day for 
each cow, and fodder corn for roughage. 
The two cows only give 14 quarts per day, 
or seven quarts each. The buttermilk is 
worth five cents per quart and butter 3r> 
cents a pound ‘at my market. Red dog here, 
$1.00; rye bran, $1.75; wheat bran, $1.50; 
corn meal, bolted, $2.20; cotton-seed meal, 
$1.65. I am feeding some corn distillers’ 
slop that seems to be very thick- and good 
to pigs, chickens and cows; it is made 
from corn and some rye. Is it valuable to 
feed much ? Can I store it in barrels and 
keep it for Winter? It is 30 cents for 100 
gallons. r. d. 
There seems to be something radically 
wrong with your dairy operations, as you 
are feeding a pound of high-priced grain 
costing about 1% cents for a pound and 
a half of milk, which is entirely too ex¬ 
pensive. You are feeding too much cotton 
seed and red dog, both of which are 
ground very fine, thus making a sticky, 
salvy mixture in the cow's mouth. You 
should reduce the amount of red dog and 
cotton seed to two pounds each for each 
cow. and add two pounds of wheat bran, 
mixing thoroughly. If your wet distillers’ 
grains are fresh and sweet they are the 
cheapest feed you have, and should con¬ 
stitute a large part of your regular feed at 
present. It is, however, very difficult to 
keep this feed for Winter use without dry¬ 
ing it. Your corn fodder should be cut 
into short lengths and fed liberally. 
North Carolina. c. s. o. 
Pigs in Manure Pit. 
Will you give me your opinion of keep¬ 
ing pigs in a cement manure pit in a barn 
cellar, also how much to feed pigs two 
months old and what to give them? w. B. 
Connecticut. 
You could keep pigs to good advantage in 
a cement manure pit in a barn cellar pro¬ 
vided you keep the pit in a sanitary con¬ 
dition, including light and ventilation, and 
provide a clean dry bed for the pigs to sleep 
in at night, but during warm weather pigs 
must be outside, where they have all the 
natural advantages of exercise in the open 
air with plenty of shade, green pasture and 
good feed. When deprived of these advan¬ 
tages or any one of them, the growth and 
health of the pigs will be impaired to a 
corresponding degree. The best feed for 
young pigs is sweet separator milk with a 
little fine middlings added. If milk is not 
available water must be used in its place, 
and the deficiency in food value supplied 
with ground oats and wheat bran or some¬ 
thing similar, as there is no pasture in 
your locality at this time of the year. The 
pigs will also relish any kind of boiled 
vegetables and kitchen garbage fed in mod¬ 
erate quantities, depending upon the size 
and age of the pigs and their ability to eat 
and digest the food given. Always keep 
fresh water and wood charcoal within easy 
reach in separate dishes. c. s. g. 
Dairy Ration. 
I cannot balance a ration for my cows. 
Plenty of silage from corn just denting, but 
well eared ; corn stover; sapling clover hay 
from over-ripe clover; oat hay (milk 
stage) ; corn and outfit to grind; cotton¬ 
seed meal. If really necessary I can get 
bran, ship stuff, and cotton-seed hulls. 
Would you advise? m. s. b. 
Kentucky. 
You have the material for making a very 
satisfactory ration, although I do not ap¬ 
prove of “sapling” clover hay, as it is too 
tough and hard for the 'cows to eat and 
digest. Clover hay should be cut when in 
bloom and well cured if it is expected to 
serve a useful and profitable purpose in the 
dairy ration. It would no doubt pay you 
to purchase some bran to mix with' your 
grain feed to make it the proper consis¬ 
tency. I would make a mixture, then, of 
300 pounds cotton-seed meal, 250 pounds 
cornmeal, 250 pounds ground oats, and 200 
pounds wheat bran. Of this mixture feed 
according to the quantity of milk your 
cows are giving, being careful not to over¬ 
feed, and be very sure that cows within 
two or three weeks before or after parturi¬ 
tion get no corn or cotton-seed meal, as 
they will be very likely to cause trouble. 
Feed the silage night and morning after 
milking and the dry hay or stover at noon, 
and you will have very nearly a balanced 
ration. c. s. G. 
Turnip, Kale and Mangel Wurzels for Cows. 
Can green sweet corn stalks be fed to 
cows and horses? Can the leaves of red 
mangel wurzels and of kale be fed to 
cows in their green state, and can they 
be cured for the Winter in a silo? Do 
they impart a bad taste to the milk? If 
it can be done, I intend to salt them to¬ 
gether with the green cornstalks, after 
the ears have been used, and feed them in 
the Winter. I have an abundance of kale 
and the mangel wurzels pt"" 7 new large 
leaves as fast as I pick off the old ones. 
Do the Russian turnips (yellow) give a 
taste to the milk of cows when fed? 
New York. b. k. 
Yes, the stuff that you mention can, and 
should, be fed in its green state if you 
wish to utilize it to the best advantage, 
though the corn may, of course, be pre¬ 
served in a silo, provided that you have a 
sufficient acreage of it to furnish the neces¬ 
sary bulk, and can place it all in the silo 
at one time; not a practicable method on 
a small scale. I fear that your scheme of 
salting the stuff for future use would prove 
an entire failure. If you wish to preserve 
the cornstalks for Winter use, they may 
be allowed to mature in the field, when 
they can be cut and shocked, and, when 
cured, stored under shelter until needed. 
The turnips will not impart a disagreeable 
flavor to the milk if fed in reasonable 
quantity, and only just after milking. 
M. B. D. 
THE EGG-LAYING CONTEST. 
The output of eggs during the fourth 
week of the contest was 623, a gain of 149 
over the previous week. In the first con¬ 
test 795 eggs were laid in the first four 
weeks; in this second contest 1,528 eggs 
have been laid in the same period, very 
nearly double the number of the first con¬ 
test. Of the 43 pens of White Leghorns 
entered all but four hens have begun to 
lay. Thomas Barron’s pen of English White 
Leghorns are right on their job, beating 
all the other pens again this week, as they 
have every week since the contest began, 
except the first week, when they were tied 
by a pen of Brown Leghorns from Canada. 
The result so far shows that Mr. Barron did 
not send his only good birds over the first 
time. The indi\*.dual laying of his pen 
was S-5-5-6-5, a total of 26; and Mr. Ed¬ 
ward Cam’s White Leghorns were only one 
egg behind; the lecord of his pen being five 
eggs by each bird in the pen. The even¬ 
ness of this laying is certainly astonishing ; 
one bird seems to be just as good at it as 
any other. The best laying by any of the 
American White Leghorns was 21 eggs, by 
the Braeside Poultry Farm. Smith Bros.’ 
pen takes fourth place with a score of 20. 
In the total scores for the four weeks 
’Thomas Barron's pen has laid SO; Smith 
Bros, have laid 71 ; and Edward Cam’s, 69. 
F. G. Yost’s pen are beginning to get over 
their molting and commenced laying again ; 
they laid five eggs dm-ing the week. The 
pen from Marwood Poultry Farm laid 12, 
and Toms Poultry Farm birds laid nine; 
Miss Susie Abbott's pen of pullets laid 
eight, and Mr. Frederick Peasley’s pen laid 
six. These are all breeders who were in 
the first contest. 
There is another pen of English White 
Leghorns entered by Frank Toulmin. This 
pen laid 13 last week. The pen of White 
Leghorns entered by O. A. Foster of Cali¬ 
fornia laid 16; this is the breeder who 
bought Thomas Barron’s birds that were 
in the first contest. 
White Orpingtons still lead in the gen¬ 
eral average per pen, their average being 
24; the White Leghorns averaged 21 per 
pen, the Rose Comb R. I. Reds, 20.8; the 
Single Comb Reds. 16.2; the White Wyan- 
dottes, 13; the White P. ROcks, 9.5, and 
the Barred Rocks, 8.25. 
The same feed formula that was used in 
the first contest is being used in this, as 
the fowls not only laid well but increased 
in weight and kept in good health. The 
formula used is as follows: Coarse bran, 
200 pounds; cornmeal, 100 pounds; gluten 
feed, 100 pounds; ground oats, 100 pounds ; 
wheat middlings, 75 pounds; fish scrap, 
30 pounds; beef scrap, 30 pounds; low 
grade flour, 25 pounds. The above is for 
the dry mash, which was kept before the 
birds all the time. The scratch feed was: 
Cracked corn, 60 pounds; wheat, 60 
pounds; heavy white oats, 40 pounds; 
barley, 20 pounds; Kaffir corn, 10 pounds; 
buckwheat, 10 pounds; coarse beef scraps, 
10 pounds. The coarse beef scraps were 
obtained by sifting out the fine part and 
using that in the dry mash. The coarser 
part was mixed with the scratch grain and 
fed in an automatic feed hopper, where 
the fowls can get it only a few grains at 
a time, but as frequently as thev wish. 
These hoppers are made in different sizes, 
the larger ones holding enough to last 50 
fowls for a week; a handy thing for the 
man who has to be away from home a good 
deal. Beet pulp was used for green food 
during the time of year when other green 
stuff is not easily obtained. Bv pouring 
hot water on it, it will swell ‘in a few 
minutes to three times its dry bulk. This 
was fed wet in such quantities as experi¬ 
ence showed the fowls would clean up. 
In the Missouri contest the following 
formula was used. Grain Mixture.— 
Cracked corn, 200 pounds; wheat, 200 
pounds; oats, 100 pounds. Drv Mash.— 
Wheat bran, 100 pounds; middlings. 200 
pounds; cornmeal. 200 pounds; ground 
oats, 200 pounds ; beef scraps, 150 pounds ; 
Alfalfa meal, 75 pounds; gluten meal, 50 
pounds; O. P. oilmeal, 25 pounds; fine 
table salt, eight pounds; charcoal, 25 
pounds. They intend to change this for¬ 
mula in the second contest, feeding 100 
parts of corn to 200 of wlieat in Summer, 
and reversing these quantities in Winter, 
when more heating food is needed. To 
make up for the omission of oats in this 
scratch feed mixture the ground oats in 
the dry mash will be increased to 300 
pounds and the charcoal to 35 pounds. 
The dry mash was kept before the fowls 
continually and at noon a handful of the 
mash was wetted with skim-milk or but¬ 
termilk and fed in a trough. Sprouted 
oats were fed also every day, and this will 
be continued. The amount of beef scraps 
will be increased to 250 pounds. But “the 
proof of the pudding is in the eating.” 
While the result is not a sure indication 
of the comparative value of the formu¬ 
las used, yet the fact remains that the 
average output of the birds in the contest 
at. Storrs was 154 eggs, the yield in the 
Missouri contest was 134, a difference of 
20 eggs per bird in favor of the Connecti¬ 
cut system. geo. a. cosgrove. 
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