1912. 
THE RUEAE NEW-YORKER 
U3Q? 
Colds in Poultry. 
I have a flock of May-hatched Black Or¬ 
pingtons. I notice they occasionally sneeze 
and have watery nostrils. They are lively, 
good eaters, but poor in flesh. With all 
their eating they do not take on any flesh. 
Can you tell me what it is and what the 
remedy? H. r. H. 
Pennsylvania. 
The sneezing and watery nostrils of your 
fowls indicate the presence of colds that, 
if not checked, may lead to roup and seri¬ 
ous loss. You should see that they have 
warm, dry quarters where they will not be 
exposed to drafts, and it will be well to 
add to each half gallon of their drinking 
water one pint of a stock solution of per¬ 
manganate of potash, made by dissolving 
one ounce of the drug in three pints of 
water. No other water should be acces¬ 
sible to them. M. B. d. 
White Crested Duck. 
I have come in possession of a large 
white duck with a large top-knot on its 
head. Could you tell where they originated 
and as to their value? J. w. e. 
Virginia. 
I presume that your duck belongs to the 
American variety known as the White 
Crested. These are medium-sized fowls 
with a large white crest, or top-knot. They 
are of American origin, are good layers, 
their young grow rapidly, making them a 
god market variety, and their ornamental 
appearance adds to the demand for them. 
M. B. D. 
Trees in Chicken Runs. 
Can you suggest some quick-growing 
shade trees for the following purpose : We 
have a poultry plant on the south shore 
of Bong Island where there is a ready 
sale for shade trees to be planted around 
new dwelling houses being built in that 
section. My idea Is to use the poultry 
yards—not runs, but large enclosures—as 
sort of nurseries for shade trees, planting 
them rather close together, but leaving 
room for cultivation between rows. Then 
as the trees grow, thin them out and sell 
what I can, and finally leave enough to 
provide shade for poultry without having 
the trees too close together. G. A. C. 
• New York. 
One of the most rapid growing orna¬ 
mental shade trees is the Silver maple 
(Acer dasycarpum). This tree is remark¬ 
ably well suited for the coast region and 
succeeds on almost all kinds of soils, and 
will no doubt do well on the south shore 
of Bong Island. The plan of growing a 
nursery of them in the chicken runs is a 
good one, and will no doubt prove quite 
profitable if grown into good specimens. In 
the commercial nurseries they are usually 
planted in rows four feet apai’t and six 
inches apart in the row for one-year-old 
stock. As the trees increase in size they 
must be thinned out to one foot or more 
apart for ordinary stock and to 2* *4 to 
three feet or more apart for specimens. 
The fertilizing the trees will receive from 
the chicken droppings should make them 
grow rapidly and develop very quickly Into 
fine salable stock. k. 
Goose Eggs in Incubators. 
Can you give me information in regard 
to hatching goose eggs with an incubator? 
We have tried it two years and have failed 
both times. We used a sand tray machine, 
390 hen-egg capacity, the same as we use 
for hatching hens’ eggs. Our hatches 
with hens’ eggs are always satisfactory. 
We keep one gander to three geese, and our 
eggs are apparently fertile. Some of the 
eggs were old. as the geese did not come 
broody early, neither did we have hens we 
could use, but most were not over two 
weeks old. They were kept in a cool place 
and turned every day, and when we tested 
them in the machine we thought they had 
started fairly well, but not an egg hatched. 
We ran the machine 40 days, in hopes a 
gosling would appear, but never an egg 
pipped. Do goose eggs require different 
handling in the machines from hens’ eggs? 
One of the geese laid a late setting, eight 
eggs, I think, and out of them (we put 
them under the goose) we raised four gos¬ 
lings. w. e. c. 
Ilingoes, N. J. 
A goose egg, if the germ is strong 
enough, will hatch under the same condi¬ 
tions which will hatch a hen egg, but the 
trouble is to know when you have the same 
conditions. For instance, it would be prac¬ 
tically impossible to hatch them together, 
because at the start the goose egg, being 
much closer to the source of heat, would 
be decidedly warmer than the hen egg; 
then, at the 16th day the embryo in the 
hen egg would be giving off so much heat 
that the hen egg would be much warmer 
than the goose egg, the embryo in the goose 
egg developing slower. Again, if your eggs 
are comparatively close to the radiating 
surface, say five or six inches, there would 
be very much more difference between the 
top and bottom temperature of your goose 
egg than that of the hen egg. If the germs 
of your goose eggs are fairly strong, you 
can hatch them all right in an incubator if 
you will maintain a temperature of 102° 
near the center of the egg, or 103° as indi¬ 
cated by a thermometer resting on top of 
the egg, that is the bulb touching the egg. 
Goose eggs require a maximum amount of 
moisture, maintained from the start till 
the eggs are about ready to pip. A cloth 
rung out in warm water and laid over the 
eggs when they are replaced after turning 
will help along this line. F. B. s. 
Sale of Squab Broilers. 
Are squab broilers ever marketed alive 
as a general tiling? I have noticed that 
you quote the squab broiler dressed, only 
once in a while. e. b. b. 
Squab broilers are sold both dressed and 
alive, the latter being disposed of mainly 
to the Hebrews, whose religion requires 
that animals shall be slaughtered under 
the direction of their rabbis. Ordinarily 
the price of squab broilers, per pair, both 
alive and dressed, runs anout the sama 
They are not quoted steadily because there 
is no steady supply for the general market. 
Squab broilers, to be profitable, must sell 
above their actual food value. They are 
in the list of luxuries and thus subject to 
different market conditions from those gov¬ 
erning staples, like butter and potatoes. 
The market value of luxuries is what will 
be paid because they are wanted, not neces¬ 
sarily needed. Some products that may be 
classed as luxuries cannot be quoted prop¬ 
erly in market, because there is no general 
trade in them, the producers selling to 
hotels and private customers and getting 
as much as they can. 
The Raising and Care of Turkeys 
One of the greatest elements of success¬ 
ful raising of turkeys is to select purebred 
birds. For your breeding stock select the 
largest and nicest hens with good healthy 
red heads, full breasts and straight breast¬ 
bone, broad back and short legs. Secure 
for your breeding tom a bird that has all 
of the above qualifications and is not re¬ 
lated to the hens. Avoid inbreeding above 
all things. Turkeys begin laying the last 
of March or first of April. All eggs should 
be gathered each day and placed in a dish 
of oats, being careful to stand on end, 
turning each day. Set all eggs under mother 
hen. After hatching place in an enclosed 
yard. Do not feed anything the first 24 
hours ; give them the first week oatmeal or 
stale bread with hard-boiled eggs; second 
week feed cornmeal wetted up fresh each 
time, with chopped onion tops or Swiss 
chard. Feed a little at a time often. Be 
careful not to overfeed; overfed poults al¬ 
ways die. I will tell you how overfed tur¬ 
keys act. They will walk slow, have droop¬ 
ing wings, diarrhoea sets in and they soon 
die. Give them plenty of clean, sharp grit 
and pure clean water; also a dish of ashes 
to dust in. As soon as large enough feed 
cracked corn, and fatten with whole corn. 
It is said that if you keep their livers 
right you will have healthy turkeys. Avoid 
letting young poults run in the wet grass. 
If you want to kill them let them run in 
the wet and get wet feet. Wet is a great 
detriment to young poults until they shoot 
the red. Cleanliness is half of the battle 
in turkey raising. When a few days old 
grease head, under wings and at the root 
of tail with fresh lard or vaseline, for lice. 
More turkeys die of lice than anything 
else. 
Turkeys like their freedom, and like to 
roam the fields in search of insects. They 
are the choicest of fowls, and when taken 
to market they bring the highest price of 
all fowls. Always have them well fattened 
and nicely dressed, being careful to wipe off 
all blood and dirt from feet. There is al¬ 
ways a demand for nice turkeys. The mar¬ 
ket is never glutted. Eternal vigilance is 
the price of success with turkeys. 
H. Q. BUOMAGHIN. 
Mustard for Hens. 
I have before me a little booklet, “How 
to Make Money with Poultry,” by Farmer 
Smith, Cedar Grove, N. J. (price 10 cents). 
I quote : “To force hens to lay quickly and 
yapidly, feed the following formula once a 
week only, one cupful to each 20 hens : To 
one cupful of melted lard add one teaspoon¬ 
ful of ordinary ground mustard and stir 
until cold. This formula fed about once a 
week keeps the hens in good health and 
does away with expensive meat scraps. I 
have not fed meat scraps for over one 
year; they are very expensive, and as I 
have been able to get more eggs than any 
of my neighbors, I know my methods of 
feeding are good.” Do you believe that a 
little lard and mustard, say a teaspoonful 
to a hen once a week, will take the place 
of meat scrap for egg production? 
Danielson, Conn. h. j. i. 
The function of meat in the food of a 
laying hen is, in large measure, to pro¬ 
vide the protein from which the albumin, 
or white, of an egg is made up, but before 
the protein of the food can be diverted to 
this purpose, the bodily needs of the fowl 
must be satisfied; she must, therefore, be 
given a surplus, not only of protein, but of 
the other constituents from which an egg 
is made, before she can spare any of them 
for the purpose of reproduction. While 
protein is a constituent of all grain feeds, 
it seems to be necessary for the best results 
in egg production to provide a considerable 
amount of it from animal sources, and the 
claim that mustard, or any other condi¬ 
ment, mixed with a little fat, can replace 
this essential element is, of course, absurd. 
M. B. D. 
Buckwheat for Hens. 
I notice you gave a formula for feeding 
hens (page 1140) as follows: Whole grain, 
Summer, 60 pounds wheat, 60 pounds corn, 
30 pounds oats, 30 pounds buckwheat. 
Winter, same formula as for Summer, omit¬ 
ting the buckwheat. You say this ration is 
recommended by the Cornell Experiment 
Station. Haven’t you got this twisted in 
reference to the buckwheat? I have al¬ 
ways been told buckwheat is too heating 
and fattening. Don’t feed it in Summer; 
it is a Winter feed. J. F. w. 
Hammonton, N. J. 
The error to which you call attention Is 
one of those rare ones which we are not 
able to shift upon the proofreader, and 
consequently must take the blame for our¬ 
selves. Buckwheat is, of course, as you 
suggest, a food rather for Winter use than 
for Summer, and should be omitted from 
the formula given when warm weather 
makes an excess of heat producing elements 
unnecessary. m. b. d. 
The Willamette Valley’s potatoes were 
blighted dreadfully this year. It will not 
interfere much with the surplus, for there 
were fully -10 times the usual amount 
planted. There are some places where 
they will leave the potatoes in the ground, 
because of poor quality or the weather. 
We had bad weather, Summer and Fall. 
Potatoes are 65 cents a sack, all a sack 
will hold. Most farmers are pitting. A 
gunnysack full of fine cabbage, 40 cents; 
retailing in Portland stores at one cent a 
pound. Onions around here (seven miles 
from Portland), 90 cents a 100. Peddler 
bought eggs at the house, 45 cents a dozen ; 
lots of Eastern eggs in the city, 30 and 
35 cents. Chickens, live, 11 to' 14 cents. 
Very few turkeys raised around here. All 
creamery butter used in Beaverton. Small 
farms very high priced, keeping but one 
family cow. No land around here less than 
$700 per acre. Few places for sale. Eight 
to 10 per cent, for $200 or $300 loans to 
customers at Beaverton Bank, and hard to 
get. c. J. H. 
Oregon. 
The Business Farmer 
Uses A Typewriter 
The New Model Five 
L. C. Smith & Bros. Typewriter 
is the only writing machine 
that is ball bearing at all im¬ 
portant points and made to do 
all kinds of work without 
attachments. 
It will pay you to send for 
the book. 
L. C. Smith & Bros. Typewriter Co. 
SYRACUSE, N. Y. 
Branches in all Principal Cities 
RAW FURS WANTED 
Highest Market Prices Liberal Assortment, 
Prompt Returns 
ft 
■ Hig 
Write immediately for price list 
I Louis A. Rubenstein Fur Co. 
I Dept. B, 52 West 28th Street, New York 
SHIP YOUR 
gaum 
RAW FURS WANTED 
IF YOU WANT Highest Market 
Price, Liberal Grading, 
Prompt Returns 
Write for price list and ship your furs 
to the fastest growing Raw Fur House 
in New York. 
DAVID BLUSTEIN & BRO. 
24 EAST 12th STREET, NEW YORK 
The Largest Dealers in Ginseng in the United States 
9 CORDSIN 10 HOURS 
8AW3 DOTrm 
TURKS 
BY ONE MAN with the FOLDING SAWING MACHINE. It 
saws clown trees. Folds like a pocket-knife. Saws any kind ol 
timber on any kind of ground. One man can saw more timbe* 
with it than 2 men in any otherway. and doit easier. Send foe 
FREE illustrated catalog N 0 .A 68 showing Low Price and 
testimonials ? rora thousands. First order gets agency. 
FOLDING SAWING MACHINE CO. 
157-163 West Harrison St. Chicago, Illinois 
and English PARTRIDGES I PHEASANTS 
MAKA-SHELL’iT/t: 
GRIT 
The Celebrated Hun¬ 
garian 
Capercailzies. Black Game, Wild Turkeys, Quails, 
Rabbits, Deer, etc., for stocking purposes. Fancy 
Pheasants, Peafowl, Cranes, Storks, Beautiful 
Swans, Ornamental Geese and Ducks, Foxes, 
Squirrels, Ferrets, and all kinds of birds and 
animals. Send four cents for illustrated descriptive 
circulars. Win. J. Mackensen, successor to WENZ S 
MACKENSEN, Naturalists, Vardley, Penna. 
IVIacKellar’s Charcoal 
For Poultry is best. Coarse or fine granulated, also 
powdered. Buy direct from Jargest manufacturers ol 
Charcoal Products. Ask for prices and samples. Est. 1844 
R. MarKELBAR’S SONS CO ., Peekskill. N. Y. 
est, 
grit on I 
earth. Increases egg pro-1 
‘ dnetion.Theoriginal sil-l 
ica grit. Avoid substi I 
tutes. Ask your local! 
dealer or send $1.00 
fortwo 100-lb. bags f.o.b. cars. Agents wanted. 
EDGE HILL SILICA ROCK CO. 
Box J New Brunswick, N. J. 
A FINE LOT OF UTILITY INDIAN RUNNERS, $1.50 each. 
Sinclair Smith, fiOt* .Ttti Street, Brooklyn, N, Y. 
Whit© Emden Geese and Ganders 
extra fine at a bargain through December. 
MAPI, 10 COVE FARM, R. D. 24, ATHENS, PA. 
F OR HALE—Mammoth Rvonze Turkeys. Satisfaction guaran¬ 
teed. Inquire of Mrs. Kr««l Kysaiuiin, Moravia, N. Y., R. F. D. 18 
Purebred W.H. Turkeys-R^L";^^: 
Rrnn7P TlirUoVC— I5l0<1 from New York, Chicago 
LMUilLG I III no JO all d Boston winners. Extra size 
and color. Prices low, G, F. Decker, South Montrose, Pa. 
Giant Bronze Toms^^aVd^each! 
Write H. J. VAN DYKE, Gettysburg, l’a. 
Mammoth [} ronze Turkeys 
From 40 lb. toms and 25 lb. hens; pairs not akin. 
Barred Rock Pullets. Trio White P. Rocks. 
Miss Josephine Carpenter, Gouvernenr, N. Y. 
SUPERIOR BABY 
26-page booklet free. 100,000 chick capacity. Order 
early to assure prompt delivery. TAYLOR’S 
POULTRY YARDS, Box R, Lyons, New York. 
P 0 U LT R Y M EN^iUVe3 for Ill,,8trated 
EAST DONEGAL POULTRY YARDS 
To mcmillan fur & wool go. 
... ■ , , MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. 
Illustrated Circular Free to anyone interested in 
„ RAW FURS. 
Trappers’ Guide Free to those who ship to us. 
LET US TAN 
YOUR HIDE. 
Cattle or Horse hide, Calf, Dog, Deer, 
or any kind of skin with hair or fur on. 
Wo tan and finish thorn right; make 
them into coats (for men and women), 
robes, rugs or gloves when ordered. 
Your fur goods will cost you less than 
to buy them, and be worth more. Our 
IDustratod catalog gives a lot of in¬ 
formation which every stock raiser 
should have, but wo never send out this 
valuable book except upon request. 
It tells how to take off and care for 
hides; how and when wo pay tho freight 
both ways ; about our safe dyeing pro¬ 
cess which is a tremendous advantage 
to the customer, especially on horse 
hides and calf skins j about the fur 
goods and game trophies wo sell, taxi¬ 
dermy, etc. If you want a copy send us 
your correct address. 
The Crosby Frisian Fur Company, 
571 LyeU Ave.. Rochester. N. Y. 
Raw Furs Wanted! 
Put your own price on, and if we cannot 
pay same will return at our expense. 
Write tor price list , it costs you nothing. 
WARENOFF & KLEIN 
154 W. 24th Street New York 
itig 35 varieties. 
MARIETTA, PA. 
AnTAim -rhoiceCo, ’ ko ' , « ls Brothers just won 
Hll bU II ao 1st, 2d, 3rd, 4 th. C. W. Simonils, H ome stead. Pa. 
KELLER ST crystal white orpington 
IVELLC n O I n A O O PULLETS. June birds, six 
f''“''i (eggs) birds whose eggs cost $10 for 15. 
W. A, KAISER, 2703 Jamaica Ave,, Richmond Hill,N.Y 
D II rr WYANDOTTE and R. C. R. I. Red Cockerels. 
UUI I Pure Wild and part Wild Turkeys, Col’d 
Muscovy, I. R. Ducks, Sicilian Buttercups, White 
and Pearl Guineas. BERTHA M. TYSON, Rising Sun, Md. 
Pri 7 p Winninor Strains Cockerels, pullets and 
YY inning Oirams yearlings. $ 1.25 and up¬ 
wards. White Leghorns, Brown Leghorns, Rhode 
Island Reds, Baned Rocks, White Wyandotte*, 
Light and Dark Brahmas. Catalog gratis. 
F. M. PKESCOTT . Kiverdale, N, J. 
R,I. Reds, Houdans, Indian Runner Ducks 
High-class stock for UTILITY, SHOW or EX¬ 
PORT. Eggs for hatching. Mating list on request. 
SINCLAIR SMITH, 602 Fifth St.. Brooklyn. N. Y. 
GET YOUR COCKERELS NOW 
Barred and Buff Rock, R. I. Red, 
R. C. and S. C. White Leghorns. 
MAPLE COVE POULTRY YARDS - R. D. 24 - ATHENS. PA 
Hone's Crescent Strain of RnspCnmhRpric 
Choice breeding birds, bred from tested layers. 
Can also furnish exhibition birds bred from high 
class exhibition matings. D. R. HONE, Crescent 
Hill Farm, Sharon Springs, New York. 
Certified Layers—S. C. Reds 
Average 186 eggs per hen at Storrs' Egg Laying 
Contest, beating all other Reds. Always strong 
winners wherever shown. Large, vigorous Cock¬ 
erels $3 and $5 each. Also offer 100 Pullets. Write 
for prices. EL P. DEMING, Robertsville, Conn. 
200 Purebred S. C. W. Leghorn Pullets 
AND A FEW CHOICE APRIL COCKERELS 
Prices right. Personal attention. Satisfaction 
guaranteed. JOHN LORTON LEE, Carmel, New York 
100 S. G. White Leghorn Pullets- A W 0 a S: 
bred. DOe. each. F. WITTER, West Edmeston, N. Y. 
7C SKLKOTKD S. C. VV. LKGHOltN 
* . COCKERELS, One of the best laying 
strains in existence. Large white eggs and large 
white birds. J. M. CASK, Gilboa, N. Y. 
Austin’s200 
STRAIN S. C. Rhode Island Beds 
Large, vigorous, early batched cockerels, standard 
bred, $1.50 to $10.00. Pullets, yearlings. 
AUSTIN'S POULTRY FARM, I'.ox 17, Centre Harbor N. H. 
Pullets and Yearlings For Sale 
500 April and May Single Comb White Leghorn Pul¬ 
lets. 700 selected yearlings. Every bird guaranteed 
purebred, healthy and vigorous. 
SUNNY HILL FARM Klemington, N. J. 
BONNIE BRAE POULTRY FARM 
NIC W ROCHELLE, N. Y. 
Breeders and shippers for 20 veai-s of high-class S. C. W 
Leghorns and Barred Plynie.it], Pocks fit-hy clicks and 
hatching eggs our specie 'ty. Correspondence 1 ivlted 
MAKE HENS 
Lots of eggs by feeding green bone fresh cut, because it is rich in protein and all other 
egg elements. You get twice the eggs—more fertile; vigorous chicks; earlier broilers; 
bigger profits! MANN'S ife BONE CUTTER SSliSPilSS 
adhering meat *.ud gristle, easy, fast and line. Automatic feed; open hopper, never clogs. 
Book free, 1J> jays’ Free Trial. No money in advance. 
VV, Mann Co., Box 15 IN/1 i Iford, Mass. 
