68 PROCEEDINGS: BOSTON SOCIETY NATURAL HISTORY. 
These three muscles are the adductors of the posterior limb. 
The piriformis (caud'ali-femoralis), a thin, slender muscle covered 
posteriorly by ischio-caudalis, arises from the fifth or sixth caudal 
vertebra with caudali-pubo-ischio-tibialis and inserts on the tro¬ 
chanter of the femur distal to iscliio-femoralis. It acts singly as 
an abductor, and with its fellow as a flexor of the tail. 
Dorsal Surface. 
Outer layer .— The Hio-extensor, a narrow sheet, arises from the 
outer surface of the ilium and inserts on the inner dorsal surfaces 
of the head of the fibula. 
The ilio-Hbularis may be possibly a part of the ilio-extensor, for 
its origin and insertion are contiguous to those of ilio-extensor and 
immediately ventral to them. In Necturus a second head is found 
in this muscle and it is thus a biceps femoris, but in Proteus and 
Typhlomolge but one head appears. 
The ilio-extensor and ilio-fibularis are the extensors of the hind 
limb. 
Deep layer. — The ilio-femoralis is a delicate tapering sheet, 
taking its origin from the outer surface of the ilium, covered by 
the ilio-fibularis, and inserting distal to the adductor on the ventral 
surface of the femur. It acts as an abductor of the hind limb. 
Urogenital System. 
The urogenital system does not show any marked difference from 
the general Urodelous type. 
Both my specimens were females, one only being mature, so that 
no account of the male reproductive organs can be given. 
The kidneys, lying close together against the dorsal muscle, are 
very thin and delicate. They extend from the shoulder nearly to 
the cloacal orifice, the anterior half being very narrow and thread¬ 
like, while the posterior half is much broader. The ureters lie along 
the outer borders of the kidneys and open into the posterior portion 
of the dorsal wall of the cloaca. A urinary bladder is present, open¬ 
ing into the cloaca near the middle of its ventral wall. The bladder 
is long and thin, and lies ventral to the intestine. It is connected 
anteriorly by a membrane with the posterior end of the liver. 
