EMERSON: ANATOMY OF TYPHLOMOLGE. 
71 
Nervous System. 
Owing to lack of material, the nervous system has not been 
studied. Being the most conservative system, it probably would 
differ so slightly from that of Urodeles in general, that to find 
wherein it differed would necessitate a special study, more detailed 
than the scope of this paper would permit. A few words, however, 
may be said of the sense organs. 
The nasal cavity has no cartilaginous or bony capsule, and in my 
specimen, owing to the method of preservation, its epithelial lining 
has disappeared except for an occasional very small space. The 
anterior nares are at the antero-lateral angles of the snout and the 
posterior ones are nearer to the median line and slightly anterior to 
the ante-orbital processes. The nasal cavity therefore makes an 
acute angle with the longitudinal axis of the head. 
The eye is functionless, being devoid of lens, rods and cones, and 
muscles (Eigenmann, :00). 
The otic capsule contains the three semicircular canals, the imprint 
of which is so strong as to be clearly visible on 
the outer surface of the capsule. On the ventral 
surface the imprints of the anterior and longitudinal 
canals appear, and on the dorsal surface the imprint 
of the posterior canal. 
Circulatory System. 
Fresh specimens would be necessary for the 
study of the circulatory system. In the preserved 
specimens, the heart appeared to have but one 
atrium. According to Bruner (: 00), this is usual 
with lungless salamanders, and is due probably to 
the confluence of the original two. 
Fig. F. — Heart, 
left side, x 6. 
At ., atrium; B . 
A ., bulbus-ar- 
teriosus; S . V ., 
sinus venosus ; 
V ., ventricle. 
Respiratory System. 
There is no pulmonary system in Typhlomolge, for dissection 
shows no lungs, trachea, larynx, nor laryngeal cartilages, nor is any 
trace of them found in the serial cross sections. The respiratory 
