CLARK: LESSER ANTILLEAN BIRDS. 
213 
on the neighboring islands. In the flatter areas, particularly at 
Dumfries on the east, Harvey Yale on the south, and Beausejour 
near Hillsboro’, there is a considerable area of flat pasture land. 
The hills have been very largely denuded of trees for the purpose 
of building peculiar craft of from five to fifty tons burden known 
locally as sloops and schooners. There are some rocky cliffs on the 
southern end of the island, and off the southeastern, southern, and 
southwestern shores lie the small islets known as Frigate Island, 
Saline, White, and Sandy Islands, Isle de Large, Mabouya, and 
Jaques Adam. These are mostly small wooded hills rising out of 
the sea, with a bit of flat land about their bases. Some are mere 
rocks. Carriacou, like all the Grenadines, is very dry, having a 
rainfall of only about 50 inches, or less than half that of St. Yin- 
cent and Grenada, and no running water. The population is about 
7000. 
Petit Martinique (so called because the French who discovered 
it found snakes there which they considered similar to those on 
Martinique) lies a few miles to the northeast of Carriacou. It is 
merely a conical hill, sloping down evenly to the sea on all sides, 
with a small strip of comparatively level land about the base. The 
vegetation resembles that of Carriacou. Between it and Carriacou 
lies Little Tobago, a small island, thickly covered with scrub (mainly 
thorn bushes) and cactus. Just to the north lies Little St. Yincent, 
simply a moderate sized hill rising out of the sea. Petit Martinique 
has a population of 350, and Little St. Yincent, *20. 
Between Carriacou and Grenada is a long string of rocks and 
islets, of various shapes and sizes, the most important being Isle 
Ronde and Les Tantes. About halfway to Grenada is a high and 
precipitous rock known as “ Kick-’em-Jenny,” formerly a leper set¬ 
tlement, but long since uninhabited. It forms the home of hundreds 
of sea birds, mainly boobies (Sula). 
Carriacou appears to be, in the main, composed of beds of fine¬ 
grained volcanic sands and tuffs. On the eastern slopes of the 
island, and at Belair (in the center), at an altitude of 600 feet, the 
tuffs of which the hills are composed, are covered with layers of a 
shallow-water foraminiferal limestone, from ten to twenty inches in 
thickness. It therefore appears to consist of layers of volcanic ash 
which were deposited in the sea, and afterwards covered with the 
shallow-water deposit. Later this was subjected to upheaval, with 
