SEELYE: CIRCULATORY SYSTEM OF DESMOGNATHUS. 349 
4; pi. 25, fig. 5), very near the arteriae subclaviae and arranged asym¬ 
metrically; several arteriae genitales on each side (pi. 24, fig. 3); an 
arteria intestinalis communis (pi. 24, fig. 3; pi. 25, fig. 5); groups of 
arteriae mesentericae and arteriae urogenitales (pi. 24, fig. 3); two 
arteriae epigastricae (pi. 23, fig. 1; pi. 24, fig. 3; pi. 25, fig. 5); two 
arteriae iliacae (pi. 23, fig. 1; pi. 24, fig. 3; pi. 25, fig. 5); and two 
small branches to the cloacal glands (pi. 23, fig. 1; pi. 24, fig. 3). 
Several of these aortic branches require particular description. I 
have mentioned the fact that the four gastric arteries are disposed 
asymmetrically. The usual arrangement is one on the right side and 
three on the left side. The two anterior gastric arteries, one on each 
side, turn anteriorly and anastomose with the arteriae pulmonales, 
right and left. This anastomosis is shown on the right side in plate 
24 (fig. 3) and will be spoken of again in connection with the arteria 
pulmonalis. The anastomosis was broken in removing the portion of 
the alimentary canal shown in plate 24 (fig. 4) and so cannot be seen 
in that drawing. 
The arteria intestinalis communis and its branches are best shown in 
plate 24 (fig. 3). The branches are: an arteria hepatica, supplying 
the liver; an arteria lienalis, distributing to the spleen; an arteria 
duodenalis, which traverses the pancreas and distributes to the poste¬ 
rior end of the stomach and to the duodenum; and an arteria mesen- 
terica anterioris, supplying the anterior region of the mesentery and 
intestine. 
The artery on each side of the aorta anterior to the iliac artery, which 
I have called arteria epigastrica, from its resemblance to that vessel in 
other animals, is a comparatively large and important branch of the 
aorta in Desmognathus, and was not mentioned by Bethge as occur¬ 
ring in Spelerpes. It turns anteriorly and courses along the ventro¬ 
lateral body wall. Its distribution is best shown in plate 23 (fig. 1) 
and its aortic origin in plates 24 and 25. 
There remains for consideration the third of the existing arterial 
arches, morphologically the fourth arch, as previous investigators 
have demonstrated. In lunged forms this supplies lungs and skin, 
and therefore its occurrence in lungless forms is of especial interest. 
In Desmognathus I find a condition which agrees with that found by 
Miss Woldt in Plethodon and by Bethge in Spelerpes, although I differ 
from the latter in the naming of one of the branches. The arteria 
pulmonalis (pi. 24, fig. 3) is well developed in Desmognathus, although 
of course much smaller than the other two arches. It sends off an 
