168 
FLORIDA STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY 
cold storing and pre-cooling, or getting 
the first heat out of a warm, fresh prod¬ 
uct, is frequently not well understood. 
It must be understood in order to make 
progress in the art of pre-cooling. 
Now all successful methods that I 
know of for pre-cooling hot products 
that have moisture to give off, provide 
a way for removing the water given off. 
Citrus fruits, most deciduous fruits, ber¬ 
ries and watery vegetables contain a 
large amount of water and have to give, 
off part of it in pre-cooling. So we come 
back to our glass of ice water and say 
that modern practice has adopted the so- 
called open brine methods for pre-cool¬ 
ing, because they are much faster than 
methods which use brine or ammonia in 
pipes. Moisture does deposit on pipes in 
the form of frost, but not in the quanti¬ 
ties taken up by the finely atomized open 
brine. And as the pipes become encrust¬ 
ed with frost, they lose not only their 
power to take up water, but also their 
power to take up heat. 
Open brine, pre-cooling has now been 
applied in Florida to citrus fruits and has 
been tried on celery with excellent re¬ 
sults. 
WORK OF THE EXCHANGE 
I need make no apologies for saying 
that without the backing of certain offi¬ 
cers and others interested in the Florida 
Citrus Exchange, this important develop¬ 
ment would not have been undertaken, 
and could not have been carried to the 
point where we have, arrived. I have had 
long experience in my line with so-called 
independent packers all over the country 
and I have met many progressive, and 
broad-minded men, some of whom would 
not hesitate to go the limit, within their 
means, to advance the interests of their 
associates, and competitors, too, along 
with their own. All co-operation does 
not lie in co-operative movements. But 
I have been captivated by the enthusi¬ 
asm of these Florida men, and their vis¬ 
ion. The specialists working with them 
were encouraged to great efforts, and all 
will benefit. You will have to explain 
to me why it was. You may say that 
their relation to the original and final 
owners until your products reach the fi¬ 
nal market, enables them to do things 
which an independent cannot do and keep 
his head above water. I do not assume 
to explain. I simply say that the support 
given to our efforts by these men was 
bound to bring results and has brought 
results of the most far-reaching import¬ 
ance to Florida and the interests repre¬ 
sented here tonight. In the discussion 
that I understand is to follow this paper, 
I may have an opportunity to tell you 
some particular applications that have re¬ 
sulted from our recent work together. 
I have, of course, only touched on the 
need for pre-cooling and the changes that 
will follow in trade practice. When we 
learned to ride a-horse-back, travelling 
on foot was a weary way. And when we 
learned to ride in a Pullman, the old day 
coach was somehow uncomfortable. I 
like to walk. No man can tell me that 
it is better to ride *n a Pullman than to 
walk in the original fashion of travelers. 
One sees more and feels better at the end 
of a day’s walk than at the end of a day~ 
in a Pullman car, at least I think so, but 
I ride in a Pullman because, my business. 
