LYMAN: STUDIES OF HYMENOMYCETES. 
133 
expense of Hypochnus.” P. Hennings (’97) also recognizes the 
possession of conidia as a distinctive mark of this genus. In both 
species of Tomentella which Brefeld examined he found Botrytis- 
like conidiophores that resemble the basidia in form, but bear spores 
over the whole surface. The conidia differ from the basidiospores 
only in being slightly smaller. These conidial fructifications had 
already been described as species of Botrytis,— Botrytis cirgillacea 
Cooke, belonging to Tomentella flava Brefeld, and Botrytis gemella 
Sacc., to Tomentella granulata Brefeld. In August or September, 
Brefeld found only conidiophores on the mycelium; later in the 
autumn basidia appeared, and finally entirely replaced the conidio¬ 
phores. He was unable to germinate either conidia or basidiospores, 
but asserts that he observed the production of both kinds of spores 
on branches of the same hypha, thus proving their connection. He 
believes this to be another instance of the preservation of the ancestral 
conidiophore in connection with the derived basidium. 
Many species of the hyphomycetous genus Zygoclesmus show a 
very striking resemblance to Hypochnus or Tomentella, as is pointed 
out by Saccardo in “Sylloge fungorum,” vol. 4, p. 283, and vol. 6, p. 
653, and by Lindau (’00, p. 462). It is possible that certain forms 
of Zygodesmus may be conidial stages of species of Hypochnus. 
Patouillard ('87a) describes swollen cells which replace the basidia 
in Hypochnus anthochrous and Hypochnus acerinus, and bear on 
their tapering summits single large colored conidia; these bodies 
are quite unlike the small colorless basidiospores which he says are 
rare in the former species and unknown in the latter. Brefeld (’89) 
cultivated Hypochnus anthochrous together with several other members 
of this genus, but found no conidia, obtaining in all cases only sterile 
mycelia. Spores of the character described by Patouillard in the 
above species of Hypochnus seem not uncommon, for they have been 
reported in several other genera of Hymenomycetes (cf. Corticium 
marchandii, p. 136); they are probably produced by degenerate basidia 
in which three of the spores have been aborted. Apparently these 
conidia have never been made to germinate. 
According to Boulanger (’93), the normal basidia of Matruchotia 
varians Boul. are two-spored, but may be replaced by one-spored 
conidiophores. This change in number of spores seems dependent on 
the nature of the culture medium used. Ferry (’96) found that this 
species and also Matruchotia complens Moll., whose basidium is four- 
