184 PROCEEDINGS: BOSTON SOCIETY NATURAL HISTORY. 
sugar and beef peptone, to the water in the jar. In agar tubes normal 
stalked fructifications were only occasionally developed, although 
sessile convoluted or brain-like growths whose folds and cavities were 
lined with normal basidiosporic hymenia were frequent. 
Chlamydospores .— Both primary and secondary mycelia produced 
chlamydospores in abundance, but of different sizes,— those formed 
in drop cultures by primary mycelia averaging about 7X9/*, while 
those produced in agar tubes by secondary mycelia average 11.5 X 
13 [i. These spores (pi. 22, fig. 110-114) are of the usual basidiomy- 
cetous type described on page 150, but in a large proportion of cases 
the usual lemon-shape is not attained, but the cells remain cylindrical 
or with slightly bulging walls (pi. 22, fig. 113-114). Such imperfectly 
formed chlamydospores appear to be as retentive of vitality and to 
possess the same functions as those of more normal form. In drop 
cultures the chlamydospores, of whatever form, germinate at once 
(pi. 22, fig. 115) and produce clamped germ tubes which rapidly form 
secondary mycelia, similar in all respects to those arising from basidio- 
spores. 
Development oj fructification .— In wood cultures the young myce¬ 
lium forms a cottony growth which rapidly spreads over the stick, 
finally obscuring it beneath a thick white layer. Upon this layer in 
about four weeks appear small dome-shaped elevations,— the first 
stage in the development of the fructifications. These elevations are 
commonly grouped, as the fungus is gregarious in its nature. They 
rapidly elongate into cylindrical white projections (the young stipes) 
which are either smoothly rounded or slightly tapering at the end. 
The elongation is due largely to the terminal growth of the component 
hyphae, which, although interlacing to a considerable extent, run in a 
generally longitudinal direction. That a certain amount of growth is 
intercalary, probably due to enlargement of the cells, is shown by the 
continued elongation of the stipe even after the cessation of terminal 
growth at the time of formation of the pileus; however, such growth 
is not extensive, and does not result in appreciable enlargement of the 
cells such as is seen in many agarics. 
As the terminal growth of the stipe ceases, the apex begins to flatten 
and broaden out owing to the repeated branching of the hyphae, many 
of which turn outward in a horizontal direction to form the pileus 
(pi. 24, fig. 129). The hyphae turning off horizontally continue to 
grow, constantly giving off branches which bend upward, and in turn 
