TOWNSEND AND ALLEN: LABRADOR BIRDS. 
331 
The quaint definitions of Cartwright are worth quoting: “Lady, 
A water-fowl of the duck genus, and the hen of the lord.” “Lord. 
A water-fowl of the teal kind.” These names are still used on the 
coast for this species. 
On July 29, 1770, he enters in his journal: “I shot four eider ducks 
and seven lords and ladies; the latter being in full moult could not 
fly, but they were very fat.” This was at St. Peter’s Islands in the 
Straits of Belle Isle. 
According to Turner, the Harlequin Duck is abundant in Hudson 
Strait and “certainly breeds at Ungava.” It is uncommon on the 
southern coast and its presence there in winter is probably dependent 
upon the extent of open water, for Brewster (’84) says that it occurs 
at Anticosti in winter only, where “hundreds sometimes collect in the 
tide openings.” Stearns found it “rather rare” on the south coast 
in spring and autumn, but a few immature birds and an occasional 
adult were found in summer by Frazar about the outer islands and 
exposed ledges near Cape Whittle. These, however, were not breed¬ 
ing birds. We saw but a single bird on our trip, an immature speci¬ 
men swimming among the cakes of pack ice near Makkovik. As 
the vessel passed, it dove several times opening its Kings at it went 
under. In swimming it cocked its tail slightly up. 
Mr. Schmitt at Nain said that some were to be seen in that vicinity 
all summer while Mr. Frank Lewis at Battle Harbor was familiar with 
the bird during the spring and fall migrations only. 
[Camptolaimus labradorius (Gmel.). Labrador Duck; Pied Duck.— 
Extinct. Very little has come down to us concerning the former presence of 
this now extinct species in Labrador. Cartwright in his journal probably 
refers to it when he speaks of having killed “only a pied-duck” on October 
26, 1770, at Charles Harbor; and again, under date of July 16, 1771, when 
he writes: “Killed a whabby [Red-throated Loon] with my rifle, and a 
pied duck with shot.” Again on October 6, 1773: “One of my people killed 
a pair of pied-birds.” Audubon, when he visited southern Labrador in 1833, 
did not see the Pied Duck, but in his “Journal,” writing from Bras d’ Or, 
July 28, 1833, speaks of it as breeding “on the top of low bushes, but the 
season is so far advanced we have not found its nest.” In his “ Ornithological 
Biography” he also states that nests, said to be those of Labrador Ducks, 
were pointed out to his son on this same date, at Blanc Sablon. When Coues 
visited southern Labrador in 1860 he was “informed that, though it was 
very rarely seen in the summer, it [was] not an uncommon bird in Labrador 
during the fall.” This statement is thought by Dutcher (Auk, vol. 11, p. 10) 
to indicate a fall migration northward, though it may quite as well mean 
