TOWNSEND AND ALLEN: LABRADOR BIRDS. 
359 
breeding abundantly at Ungava and Davis Inlet. Low found it 
common on the upper Hamilton River and Spreadborough saw it 
throughout the interior wherever there were large lakes with sandy 
shores. 
We found a pair at Battle Island, three pairs at Great Caribou 
Island, and a pair each at Long Tickle and Hopedale. Their actions 
suggested the presence of young. 
Arenaria morinella (Linn.). 
Ruddy Turnstone. 
Common transient visitor. 
Stearns found it along the southern coast in small flocks; Frazar 
saw one flock late in May at Esquimaux Point; Palmer found a few 
at Mingan; Coues saw it “commonly from August 20 to September 1 
at Henley Harbor.” Packard records it as “occasional at Ungava. 
Not rare on east coast.” 
Haematopus palliatus Tenim. 
American Oyster-catcher. 
Extirpated; formerly summer resident. 
There is no question but that this interesting bird formerly extended 
its breeding range much farther north than at the present day when 
it is found breeding only as far north as New Jersey while stragglers 
are occasionally taken on the coast as far north as Grand Manan. 
As recently as Audubon’s day, however, the Oyster-catcher occurred 
on the southern coast of Labrador, as the following extracts from his 
writings clearly show. In his Labrador journal under date of July 
6, 1833, when he was near Cape Whittle, he writes: “Coolidge and 
party shot two Oyster Catchers; these are becoming plentiful.” 
Again (’35a, p. 181): “It occurs all the way to Labrador, in which 
country 1 found that several were breeding in the month of July .... 
In Labrador, I met with it farther from the open sea than in any other 
part, yet always near salt-water .... I have seen it... . knock off 
limpets from the rocks on the coast of Labrador, using its weapon 
[bill] sideways and insinuating it between the rock and the shell like 
