30 
•FLORIDA STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
along in streaks, hence we have the 
peculiar form of tear staining or tear 
streaks. 
All of the fruits of the citrus family are 
more or less subject to this trouble. Bit¬ 
ter sweet, sour oranges, sweet seedlings, 
kumquats ^and lemons have been found 
affected in this way. 
Frequently this peculiar form of in¬ 
fection does not injure the keeping quali¬ 
ties of the fruit. Of course this fruit must 
go to market as russets, and consequently 
a very material loss in its selling quality is 
encountered. 
Kumqnats. 
Heretofore it was thought that kum¬ 
quats were quite free from the destructive 
attack of this disease, but during the past 
year many trees were discovered that had 
lost as high as 40 per cent, of the fruit. 
They were carried off by drops, directly 
or indirectly induced by this disease. In 
addition to a.number of drops occasioned 
by the presence of this fungus, a very con¬ 
siderable number of the fruits themselves 
were infested with the characteristic spot. 
This has been described a number of times 
in various publications, and has been il¬ 
lustrated by photographs before the 
Horticultural Society, so it will not be 
taken up again at this point. 
Remedy. 
All of these investigations, of course, 
have for their aim the determination of 
some practicable remedy. Different lines 
of treatment were started immediately 
upon commencing the investigations. 
The first line that suggested itself was of 
thoroughly spraying with Bordeaux mix¬ 
ture. This, however, proved to be insuffi¬ 
cient. The most thorough work possible 
was done upon an orchard of about four¬ 
teen acres in extent, and continued 
throughout the entire year of 1902. At 
the end of this time the fungus seemed to 
have as strong a foothold in the orchard 
as it had in the beginning of the work. 
This seemed to indicate that spraying 
with Bordeaux mixture was merely suffi¬ 
cient to hold it in check, and not sufficient 
to reduce the difficulty in the orchard. 
In 1903 the work of cutting out the 
diseased twigs was begun. During that 
season this same orchard was submitted to 
the treatment with Bordeaux mixture, 
and a thorough pruning out of the twigs 
which had become leafless and had lost 
their vitality. Before the end of the year 
this remedy showed itself to be thorojugh- 
ly successful. A more successful treat¬ 
ment could scarcely be expected to be 
found in any particular line. During the 
summer of 1904 still further investiga¬ 
tions were made as to the best time for 
cutting out the diseased twigs by divid¬ 
ing the orchard of some twenty acres in 
extent, into six different plots. These dif¬ 
ferent plots were subjected to treatment at 
different seasons of the year. From the 
experiments here we deduced the follow¬ 
ing facts : That the first time of the year 
for pruning is during the winter, just be¬ 
fore the spring growth occurs, which is 
some time before the first of February, 
and a second pruning is usually necessary. 
In the grove under experimentation it was 
found that the plot No. 4, which was 
pruned during Jul}^ that the remedy was 
as successful as where pruning had 
occurred earlier. In plot No. 6, where 
the pruning had not occurred until 
x\ugust, the increase in the amount of the 
wither tip disease was so severely marked 
that the point to which the pruning had 
been carried in July could be seen to the 
row. 
As a general rule we would say then 
