FLORIDA STATE HORTICULTljRAL SOCIETY. 
109 
with grafting wax or with a wad of clay 
mud. 
The larvae and pupae of the hickory 
shuck worm are in the fallen and decay¬ 
ing hulls beneath the trees, which may be 
raked up and burned. The larvae and 
pupae of 'this insect, are known to be 
jfound in the fallen hulls in December and 
therefore presume they remain here until 
early in the summer when new hulls are 
forming. 
Two or three budworms and case- 
worms are hibernating in small brownish, 
blister-like cocoons and saber-shaped cas¬ 
es on and about the budscales and on the 
bark of branches. Reasoning from analo¬ 
gy, spraying with the litne-sulphur wash 
would probably be useful against them. 
Grafts may be cleansed of the cocoons and 
cases by means of a knife point, before be¬ 
ing used. 
The cottony scale is in the larval form 
on the branches at this season. The dor¬ 
mant winter period is the time to treat it; 
spray with kerosene emulsion, one part of 
emulsion to five or six parts of water. 
Pruning can also be effectively used 
against this pest at this season, the infest¬ 
ed twigs being cut out and burned. 
FEBRUARY. 
Calendar and pratice ditto as for Jan¬ 
uary. 
MARCH. 
Practically the same as for February. 
APRIL. 
Simultaneously with the bursting of the 
buds in late March and early April, the 
differgit species of bud worms and case- 
worms commence a most destructive at¬ 
tack. They burrow into the buds and 
also into the tender twigs. Two of these 
insects are caseworms, one of them being 
commonly observed and of considerable 
size, the other being much smaller and 
finally maturing a case resembling a min¬ 
iature cigar. The thii d species, after quit¬ 
ting the buds, becomes a leaf-roller and 
lives in a tube made by folding over itself 
the border of a leaf. Later it gathers a 
cluster of leaves to the original one, mak¬ 
ing* a conspicuous nest. The larger case- 
worm also clusters leaves together mto a 
nest and several caterpillars may be found 
in the same cluster. If these insects can 
be successfully treated in the same way 
as the better known budworms and case- 
worms, a spraying with arsenicals should 
be made while the leaf-buds are swollen, 
just before they burst. A second spray¬ 
ing should be made about a week later 
than the first, just where the leaf-buds 
begin to show green at the tips. A third 
application should be made as soon as the 
leaves are expanded. Owing to its ad¬ 
hesive qualities, arsenate of lead will 
doubtless prove more satisfactory for 
spraying pecans than Paris green. It 
will be wise to make one of the first two 
and the third of these sprayings a com¬ 
bination of an arsenite with bordeaux 
mixture. 
The large, leathery skinned caterpil¬ 
lars of the Catocala moths, sometimes 
known as “alligator” worms, begin their 
depredations this month. They feed at 
night and by day lie concealed in crevices 
of the bark, or under trash on the ground. 
This protective coloration makes their dis¬ 
covery difficult. Spraying with the ar- 
senites ought to check them. The bud- 
worm spraying will catch these insects 
also. Right after a rain when the bark 
is discolored by wetting, the lighter color 
of the worms renders their detection more 
easy and it is possible to collect and de¬ 
stroy many by hand. If the trunks are 
