AGRICULTURAL NATURE STUDY OUTLINES 
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eats and breathes. Can it see, smell, and hear? From a visit or from 
reading describe a fish hatchery. Value of fish as food. Kinds of 
fish. Any laws for the protection of fish ? What are they ? Accounts 
of a fishing trip. 
Birds. —List of birds identified on the blackboard. Keep bird 
calendar. Make special study of seed-eating birds. Study Western 
Meadow Lark, Song Sparrow, White-Crowned Sparrow, Green-Backed 
Goldfinch, California Towhee. See other pages. 
Moth and Butterfly. —Four different forms during life, viz., eggs, 
larva, pupa, adult. Look for eggs in clusters or single, usually found 
on plant which is favorite food of young. The larva is the worm 
which hatches from the egg. This is the stage when the eating and 
growing is done. Pupa is the period when it rests or sleeps and 
wonderful changes take place. The adult is the fullgrown insect. 
Difference between butterflies and moths: (a) body—moth is stout, 
butterfly is slender; (b) wings—moth has wings folded flat along 
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back when at rest; (c) antennae—moth are threadlike or feathery, 
but never knobbed at the apex, butterfly has knobs at end of antennae; 
(d) flight—the moth flies at night, the butterfly flies by day; (e) 
pupa—moth has pupa protected either inside cocoons or by being 
underground or in some sheltered place, butterfly has a naked pupa 
attached bv the tail end to a button of silk. 
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Cabbage Butterfly and Worm. —(Essig, Injurious and Beneficial 
Insects of California, pp. 455-457.) Watch for butterfly in garden 
hovering over the cabbages. Describe appearance. How tell the male 
from the female? Size and color of eggs? Appearance of the worm; 
the chrysalis, find out. Life historj^ of this garden pest. Nature of 
work of the caterpillars or worms. Damage to cabbage. What other 
plants does the worm feed upon? Control both by spraying and 
otherwise. 
The devastating Grasshopper. —Where are grasshoppers found? 
Watch movements. How many wings? Legs? Sizes of legs. Notice 
how under wings are folded. Use of outer wings. Watch movement 
