16 
THE RURAL, NEW"YORKER 
January 4, 
Live Stock and Dairy 
THE COST OF A CREAMERY. 
Could you print an article relative to 
establishing a creamery, giving number of 
cows needed, cost of equipment and run¬ 
ning expenses, etc., and any other infor¬ 
mation that you may have available con¬ 
cerning the above? h. r. n. 
Virginia. 
It would seem that the question re¬ 
fers to a small creamery and the small¬ 
est number of cows that can profitably 
be considered in establishing a cream¬ 
ery. There are creameries running suc¬ 
cessfully on 2,000 pounds of milk a day 
at the lowest, and from that up to 4,000 
or 6,000 at other seasons with the same 
cows, the amount of milk varying with 
the season. In other cases the creamery 
or factory is run seven to nine months 
in the year and the cows mostly go dry 
in Winter. In any case, I should hesi¬ 
tate to recommend running a creamery 
or factory on less than 2,000 pounds of 
milk a da}\ One man can take care of 
6.000 pounds of milk and might do more 
if he had ample conveniences. It would 
depend somewhat upon how the milk is 
disposed of and the products made, 
whether the creamery man could handle 
more than 4,000 or 5.000 pounds a day. 
If the creamery were to be run nine 
months in the year and the cows to go 
dry mostly in Winter, then I should 
think that 200 cows would do very well. 
If the creamery is to be run the year 
through with part of the cows freshen¬ 
ing in Fall, then I think the number 
ought to be nearly or quite 50 cows 
more. To make the business the most 
profitable there ought to be 4,000 pounds 
of milk a day at the lowest. To get 
this amount the necessary number of 
cows would depend upon the ability of 
the cows as producers and upon the 
time of year when they freshen. If one 
were reasonably sure that he could work 
up a better business later on he might 
feel justified in starting with 150 or 175 
cows, but for economical handling he 
should have somewhat more than this. 
The best and most profitable factory 
that I have seen has the patronage from 
farmers who own about 1,700 cows. 
Good executive ability is required to 
handle this one. 
Perhaps the best that I can say re¬ 
garding running expenses is to state that 
the usual price for making butter is 
three cents a pound, and for making 
cheese the price is 1J4 cent a pound. 
The actual cost of help, feed and sup¬ 
plies may not quite reach this sum, but 
when depreciation, interest and risks are 
calculated it will be found that there is 
not a large amount left. Calculating 
this on a basis of 200 cows producing 
an average of 4,500 pounds of milk a 
year, it will be found that the amount 
will exceed $1,200. As the usual salary 
of one good man is likely to be $75 a 
month, we are running pretty close to 
the margin. I would want more than 
200 cows in sight if I were to put 
money into a creamery. In the case of 
which I write above, where there were 
nearly 1,700 cows, producing over eight 
millions of pounds of milk in a year, 
cheese is made for one cent a pound 
and butter at 2J /2 cents. In this case all 
expenses are paid, the property is regu¬ 
larly increased a little in value, six per 
cent, is paid the stockholders, and a 
small reserve fund is laid aside each 
year. This is exceptional. 
I know of a certain creamery and fac¬ 
tory equipped for both cheese and but¬ 
ter where the equipment is sufficient for 
ten thousand pounds of milk a day, and 
the cost of the equipment above the 
building was approximately $1,800. This, 
of course, included a separator at some¬ 
thing like $500; equipment will vary ac¬ 
cording to the needs of the business. I 
saw an estimate, made by a very good 
authority, of $1,200, but a separator was 
not included. Very good equipments are 
fixed up by those already in the busi¬ 
ness, who know its every detail, for less 
money than I am writing, but one who 
goes into the business without experi¬ 
ence and has to go on the market for 
everything will find many expenses along 
the way. Buildings cost all prices, ac¬ 
cording to cost of material and kind of 
construction. Ordinarily $1,000 is need¬ 
ed, and usually considerably more. I 
once saw a creamery that was remodeled 
from an old hay barn that I suppose 
cost considerably less than $500. As 
this was used for making butter from 
gathered cream, and separation was re¬ 
quired, and I suppose the whole outfit 
cost less than $1,000. The larger cream¬ 
ery to which I have alluded was planned 
to cost $5,000 and to have a capacity of 
50,000 pounds of milk a. day. That sum 
did not pay the cost in full, but the one 
cent for cheese making and the 2j4 cents 
for butter has now paid all bills, made 
improvements, purchased a house and 
lot and paid six per cent, on investment, 
and has a surplus on hand. The prop¬ 
erty is considered worth $10,000 or 
more. H. H. L. 
“The 20,000-pound Ayrshire has come.” 
Secretary C. M. Winslow, of the Ayrshire 
Breeders’ Association, reports that Jean 
Armour, a mature cow, made in one year 
20,174 pounds of -milk, containing 774.73 
pounds fat—equal to 904 pounds butter. 
I hope J. It. of Carlisle, Pa., has not 
taken the advice of .T. G. Morse as recorded 
on page 1211, about Holstein-Jersey heifer 
calf, "If I had that crossbred Ilolstein- 
Jersey heifer calf I would knock it on the 
head and not try to raise it at all.” If 
you were in debt as I am you would hardly 
counsel thus. Is it right to do thus with 
crossbreds when this country is clamoring 
for more meat? Mr. Morse would un¬ 
doubtedly condemn my using a purebred 
Holstein bull on nondescript cows, one a 
grade Guernsey, one a grade Hereford and 
the rest grade Holstein. J. R. should not 
be frightened at strenuous advice, but go 
ahead and raise heifer, reporting to The 
R. N.-Y. in due time the results. J. F. f. 
95 AND UPWARD 
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your investigating our wonderful offer to 
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AMERICAN SEPARATOR CO., Box 1075, Bainbridge, N. Y. 
The Continental Dorset Club held its 
fifteenth annual meeting in the offices of 
the Record Building at the Stockyards, 
Chicago, Dec. 3, 1912. There was a rep¬ 
resentative attendance from East. West and 
South. The secretary reported 22 new 
members; total membership now 230. The 
entire number of men owning Dorset sheep 
and having their names on the books of 
the Continental record is now about 1,800. 
The year past showed 1,109 sheep ad¬ 
mitted to record and 820 transfers made. 
The treasury has a good, healthy balance 
stored for a rainy day. A Christmas pres¬ 
ent of $50 was voted to the assistant secre¬ 
tary, S. S. Staley. Election of officers re¬ 
sulted as follows: President, Harry 
Wheeler (re-elected) ; vice-president, H. II. 
Cherry; executive committee, Mark Mc¬ 
Clure, IT. H. Cherry. Arthur Danks; secre¬ 
tary-treasurer, Joseph E. Wing; assistant, 
S. S. Staley. 
Value of Jerseys. —The reason I keep 
Jersey cattle is because their milk is the 
richest of any cattle. One can count one- 
third being cream. It is a great ad¬ 
vantage to persons who use milk for their 
health to get so much more nourishment 
from a given quantity of milk as they do 
with Jersey milk. It builds up strength 
more rapidly, and no doubt restores to 
health many who would not have been 
restored otherwise. It easily sells for three 
cents a quart more than other milk. I sell 
no other milk excepting from my own 
Jersey stock, and my customers would not 
be without it. It advertises itself; the 
seller does not need to speak its praise. 
Allentown, Pa. F. g. w. r. 
FUR LINED OVERCOATS 
Manufacturer's Samples; Gentlemen’s black broadcloth 
Overcoats lined throughout with Australian Mink; 
large Persian Lamb Collars. Sizes 36 to 48, $30 each. 
These coats have never been worn. Similar garments 
not used as samples, retail at 876. Also few large 
size Fur Robes, plush lined, $15 each. All guaran¬ 
teed new. Sent by express with privilege of examin¬ 
ation before paying. Remit only express charges. 
K. ROBERTS, Room 24, 160 West 110th Street, New York 
PRICE 
$1.25 
' Prepaid. 
Agent* Wanted 
Send for Catalogue 
Stewart Automatic Awl | 
WILL MEND 
ANYTHING 
r-_ STEW ART.SKINNER CO. 
3 s HERMON ST. WOKCEMER. MASS. I 
✓-§10,000 Backs- 
H this portable wood saw. Guaranteed 1 year—money 
refunded and freight paid both ways if unsatisfac¬ 
tory. You can easily earn $10 a day with a 
HERTZLER & ZOOK 
Portable 
As low as {10 /✓^Vood Sd W 
sawing all kinds of neighbors' lum¬ 
ber. Strictly factory prices—save 
jobber’s profits. Operates easily. 
j* Stick sits low—saw draws it on im¬ 
mediately machine starts. Only $10 
Bstw to which ripping table can be 
added. Write for oatalogue. 
HERTZLER & ZOOK CO„ 
Box 3 , Belleville. Pa. . 
WE TAN 
Everv kind of Skins, Horse and Cattle hides for 
Rugs* Robes and Coats. We mako Ladies’ and Gents 
Rur Coats, Scarfs, Muffs, Gloves, etc., from skins sent 
us to be tanned. We guarantee everything wo make. 
Send for Illustrated Oatalogue. 
TAXIDERMY IN ALL ITS BRANCHES 
THE PELOQUIN FUR TANNING CO., 
386 East Main St., Rochester, N. Y, 
Established 1894 
(LET US,TAN 
[YOUR HIDE. 
Cattle or Horse hide. Calf, Dog, Deer, 
or any kind of skin with hair or fur on. 
Wo tan and finish them right; make 
them into coats (for men and women), 
robes, rugs or gloves when ordered. 
Your fur goods will cost you less than 
to buy them, and be worth more. Our 
Dtustrated catalog gives a lot of in¬ 
formation which every stocK raiser 
should have, but we never send out this 
valuable book except upon request. 
It tells how to take off and caro for 
hides; how and when wo pay the freight 
both ways ; about our safe dyeing pro¬ 
cess which is a tremendous advantage 
to the customer, especially on horse 
hldos and calf skins; about the fur 
goods and game trophies we sell, taxi¬ 
dermy, etc. If you want a copy send us 
your correct address. 
The Crosby Frisian Fur Company, 
571 Lyell Ave.. Rochester. N. Y. 
Chilly King 
Milk Cooler 
S IMPLEST, most sanitary and 
longest - wearing milk and 
cream cooler you can buy. No 
dirt-catching cracks or corners. Noth¬ 
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No Charge For Valuable Book¬ 
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The right kind of milk cooler is a 
big money-saver for dairymen. Our 
new illustrated booklet discusses sub¬ 
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The Chas. Skidd Mfg. 
( Not \ 553 Bronson Street 
VAJ. ^ Inc../ Kenosha, Wis. 
✓Calves Without Milk\ 
Cost only half as much as the milk 
raised calves. Increase your 
profits by using 
Blatcliford’s Calf Meal 
DIDDI CV’C Combination 
Till I Ll l^v Hot Water 
“tkam Feed Cookers 
will boll bbl. water in 20 min., or cook 
bu. feed ip 2 hours. Will heat water in 
tanks 200 ft. away, by attaching pipes to 
water jacket; will heat hog houses, poul¬ 
try brooders, etc., Usod by 20Statecxj>eri- 
ment stations. Saves 35 per oe. tof feed bill. 
Writ© for froo catalogue Breeder’s Supplies. 
Rippley Manufacturing Co." 
Box 15 V Grafton, III., U. S. A 
$15 
up 
FEED MILLS 
TVe save you from $5 to S20 on mills. 
Plate or burr. Our $10,000 guarantee 
protects you. Write for catalog now. 
HERTZLER & ZOOK CO., Box 401, Belleville, Pa. 
P jpr^J^Animal Regulator p 
f? is the only stock conditioner which has 
JL stood the test of 40 years. Trvit! It will A 
£\ increase the profits from your 
T livestock. 
25c, 50c, $1; 25-lb. pail, $3.50 ■ 
T “Your money back If it fails” 
Get Pratts Profit-sharing Booklet. 1913 i 
S Almanac FREE at dealers, or 
_PRATT FOOD CO.. Philadelphia, Chicago •» 
Don’t le t Your Horse Suffer 
[ | Cure him of all ailments such as curb, spavin, splints, ^ 
windpuffs, thoroughpin, swelling ol throat and glands^ 
with the never-failing 
5 
1 
vmi uic ucvu-iaimiK 
Quinn’s Ointment 
Permanent cure for Ctll horse ailments. 
Recommended by famous horsemen. Get 
a bottle today for $1, save veterinary 
bills. All good druggists or by mail. 
W.B.Eddy&Co.Box W Whitehall N.Y. 
MINERAL 
^otHEAVE 
% rs REMEDY 
NEGLECT 
Will Ruin 
Your Horsed 
Send today for 
only 
PERMANENT 
CURE 
Safe—Certain 
Mineral Heave 
X $3 Package^ 
will cure any case or’ 
money refunded 
$1 Package 
.cures ordinary cases. 
Postpaid on receipt of price. 
Agents Wanted 
Wiite for descriptive booklet 
Remedy Co., 461 Fourth Ave., Pittsburg,Pa. 
A TREATISE 
on the 
Horse— 
[HlSl 
Wo offer free this book ^ 
that tellsyou about many W 
of the diseases atlllcting ® ' 
liorses and how to treat 
them. Call for it at your ^ 
local druggist’s or write us. 
KENDALL’S 
SPAVIN CURE 
Is a safe and reliable remedy. It will cure Ringbone. 
Splint and other bony enlargements. It is also a re¬ 
liable remedy for Curbs, Sprains, Bruises, Cuts and 
Lameness. It does the work safely at small expense. 
Head what James M. Thompson, Fraser Mills, B. C., write* : 
4 Would you kindly send mo one of your hors© books? I have a 
Vetorinarv book which I paid $5.00 for, but I b«lleve I can get 
moro satisfaction out of Kendall’s Treatise on the 
Ilorse. I gavo tho book you sect m© before to aa- 
Othor barn boss,’* 
And hir. Win. Booth, of Gravette, 
Ark., writes: 
•♦Your book is worth $6.00 if only used 
as an aid in locating lameness. Shoulder I 
lameness is the most difficult for an 
inexporionoed man to locate. 11 ] 
is easy, however, with the help 
of your book.’* 
Kendall’s Spavin I 
Cure is sold at the 
uniform price of 
H.OO a bottle, or 
i 6 bottles for 85.00. 
KENDALL’S y° u cannot get 
IJ HOUSE it or our free book 
INSURANCE at your local druggist, [ 
write us. 
i DR. B. J. KENDALL COMPANY 
1 Enosburg Falls, Vermont, U. S. A. 
KNOW HOW MUCH YOU MAKE THIS YEAR 
No one shall pay a cent for Blckmore’s Farm Aocounl Book. Mr. Farmer, simply send us your name and 
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form—more simple, and certainly more practical than tryingto remember them; shows what to charge against 
crop production; has a laborer’s time record; and section for personal accounts. 04 pagos; lor Ink or pencil. 
Not a cheap affair. Its quality Is in keeping with 
BICKMORE’S GALL CURE 
Asoothing, healing salve, the old-time reliable horse remedy. Horses are now too valuable and too high priced 
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Harness and Saddle Galls, Rope Burn, Cuts,f cratches, Grease Heel, etc. Keeps them sound 
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cures while the horse works. Great thing for sore teats in cows. Look out for substitutes 
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BICKMORE CALL CURE CO. Box 286 Old Town, Maine 
