1913. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
53 
The Henyard. 
On page 1257 C. B. B. gives his record 
for November eggs. I submit the follow¬ 
ing record of 40 White Wyandotte pullets 
for each week in November. These were 
hatched in April and May: November 
1 and 2, 28; week beginning November 3, 
101; November 10, 117; November 17, 
131; November 24, 154. Total, 531. 
Staten Island, N. Y. ' w. s. 
Raising Chicks in Florida. 
R. II. Stone says: “Should you want to 
raise 1,000 pullets, you should put 8,000 
eggs in your incubator.” We wish to quote 
you our experience of last Spring, and 
hope you will give it space in your paper, 
which stands in the agricultural world as 
does the Scientific American in the me¬ 
chanical world, both on top in their re¬ 
spective lines. The first hatch we put in 
1,320 eggs in six incubators, and took out 
816 chicks and raised 800 ; of that 800 we 
had 3S8 cockerels and 412 pullets. The 
second hatch we put in 1,320 eggs and took 
out 877 chicks, and raised 802; of that 
802 we had 405 cockerels and 397 pullets ; 
sold most all the cockerels as fryers. 
Florida. M. c. iiohb. 
Profit on 100 Hena. 
On page 1277, I find an itemized record 
of 18 White Leghorn pullets for one year. 
It reads like a fair statement on which 
to figure the profits in the hen business, 
excepting the egg record and the prices re¬ 
ceived, viz., 202 dozen eggs at 40 cents. 
This gives an average of 134 2-3 eggs per 
hen. I believe this to be an exceptionally 
high record as to the eggs laid and the 
price per dozen, 40 cents, for the year. We 
begin each year, January 1, ‘with 50 
yearlings and 100 pullets, all White Leg¬ 
horns. If those lay an average of 100 
eggs each for the year, we consider it a 
good record. Brices received for eggs in 
this market, population 50,000, at whole¬ 
sale for the year 1912 were as follows: 
January and February, 36; March and 
April, 22; May and June, 21 ; July and 
August 24; September, 29; October, 36; 
November, 45; December, 40. Wo tried 
to keep a complete record of eggs laid, set 
and sold, chicks sold, pullets raised, feed, 
etc., and we cannot show a profit of $1 
“FEEDING TIME” 
per hen. If there is not a profit of $1 
per lien in flocks of 100 or more, we are 
not receiving satisfactory returns for our 
labor, interest on investment and deprecia¬ 
tion on buildings. Will some of your 
readers who have handled 100 or more 
hens in 1912, give their records, showing 
the profit or loss? I believe that some of 
the exceptionally high records that we read 
of, lead the amateur to believe there are 
large profits in the hen business. What 
are the facts as proved by the experience 
of the average man handling a flock of 
100 or more hens? d. s. kane. 
Broome, Co., N. Y. 
Lice Powder; Candied Citron. 
Which is better to kill lice on hens, 
powder or oil, and if so which powder or 
which oil? Do you know of any sure cure 
for lice on fowl? Have a lot of citron 
which I want to candy, the same as that 
you buy at the gTocery stores. Can you 
give us the recipe? a. b. 
A good lice powder is generally prefer¬ 
able to oil or grease for killing lice on 
hens, and you will find the formula for 
making a cheap and efficient one on page 
965 of the September 14 issue of this 
journal. 
The following recipe for dried or candied 
citron is taken from “The Rural Cook 
Book.” each item in which we understand 
is personally vouched for by the “Hope 
Farm Man.” 
pried Citron.—To prepare citron for 
cakes and pies cut the fruit into four parts, 
pare and remove the seeds; then take a 
couple of quarts of clear water and dis¬ 
solve in it a piece of alum the size of a 
hickory nut; put in the preserving kettle 
as much citron as the water will cover and 
boil until tender enough to pierce with a 
straw; then boil in sugar; a pint bowl of 
sugar to the same measure of fruit. Boil 
one-half hour. Spread it on pie plates 
and set it in a cool oven or heater and 
let it dry perfectly. [This is not the citron 
of the stores, which is a citrus fruit, not 
a melon.—Eds.J m. b. d. 
White Minorcas ; Family Pig. 
1. How was the variety of White Minor- 
cas_ originated? Do they possess the same 
laying qualities as the Black variety. 
Which would be more profitable to raise 
for egg production, the Minorcas or Leg¬ 
horns? Are not the black pin feathers in 
a dressed Minorca against its marketable 
value? 2. On what could I raise a pig 
for family use. having no green stuff, but 
in Summer odds and ends from the garden? 
What time would be the best to buy a 
young pig to be killed in the Fall? 
New York. g. l. 
1. We do not know whether the White 
Minorca originated as a sport from the 
black variety of that breed, or was pro¬ 
duced by crossing this fowl upon some 
variety having white plumage, and then, 
by selection, breeding back to the Minorca 
characteristics while retaining the white 
color ; but we presume that the latter method 
was followed. Aside from color, the two 
varieties of this breed have the same 
characteristics. Our preference is for the 
Leghorns, since eggs do not sell by weight, 
and wo think that they have some advant¬ 
ages over the Minorcas in the number laid. 
The black pin feathers and slate colored 
shanks of -the Black Minorcas are some¬ 
what objectionable in the dressed carcass. 
2. Most people prefer to buy a pig in 
the early Spring, unless they have a supply 
of skim-milk or other waste which they 
wish to utilize during the Winter months. 
After being taken from the dam, at from 
four to six weeks of age, young pigs should 
have some skim-milk for a time at least, 
but may soon be put upon a slop made 
with wheat bran and middlings added to 
the dish water from the kitchen. As they 
grow older, the other wastes from kitchen 
and garden may be added, and ground 
oats or other grains be used, avoiding, 
however, much corn until fattening is com¬ 
menced a few weeks before it is desired to 
kill them. m. b. d. 
Basement Henhouse. 
I am about to build a new henhouse and 
wish to ask your advice. The location is 
very dry and sandy. Will it do to put 
it two or three feet in the ground, using 
concrete for basement wall and floor. 
House basements in the same soil six or 
more feet deep are always dry. Water 
level is 12 or 14 feet down. j. w. 
Ontario. 
There can be no objection to a con¬ 
crete floor two or three feet below the 
surface, if the soil is of such nature that 
moisture will not seep in. It would be 
well, as a matter of precaution, to embed 
a layer of tarred paper, painted with hot 
coal tar, in the concrete of the floor to 
cut off capillary attraction of moisture 
from below. si. b. d. 
Value of Hen Manure. 
What is the best way to keep chicken 
manure for commercial use? What is it 
worth per barrel? g. t. h. 
Doylestown, Pa. 
In his excellent book on “Fertilizers and 
Crops,” Dr. L. L. Van Slyke advises the fol¬ 
lowing mixture: 10 pounds fresh hen ma¬ 
nure, four pounds sawdust or dry muck, 
four pounds acid phosphate and two pounds 
kainit. Another plan is to keep the fresh 
manure well dusted with land plaster and 
store in a dry place. In the Spring the 
hard chunks thus formed are crushed and 
mixed with chemicals, as we have often 
described. A barrel of pure hen manure 
is worth about 75 cents. 
Restraining High-flying Hens. 
We have always kept the Barred 
Plymouth Rock fowls until this season. 
Now we have about 122 White Leghorns 
and our 122 Leghorns lay nearly double 
as many eggs on a lot less feed per hen 
than about 200 Plymouth Rocks. The only 
fault we find with Leghorns is that they 
will fly almost over the moon. It is diffi¬ 
cult to keep them penned in anywhere. 
When a small chick, could not the outer 
joint of one wing be amputated without 
any permanent injury and thus prevent so 
much flying later on ? f. m. c. 
New Jersey. 
While we have never tried it, we do not 
believe that removing the outer joint of 
one wing, while young, would prevent an 
adult Leghorn from flying, though it would 
probably handicap it somewhat. Our plan 
is to catch the worst offenders and clip one 
wing. In this way we have no difficulty 
in confining Leghorns by a five-foot fence; 
though to do this successfully they must 
have a large run. si. b. d. 
Darred Rock Cockerels and I.R. Drakes Cheap. Eggs for 
0 hatching. Catalog free. C. F.Williamson, Flanders,N.J. 
MAMMOTH BRONZE TURKEYS— One-fourth wild, 20 to 
25 lb. toms $7. 12 to 14 lb. hens $5. 
JOSEPH E. JANNEY, Brookevifle, Montgomery Co., Maryland 
CRYSTAL W. ORPINGTON COCKERELS $2.50 each; fine 
w birds. Eggs $2.00 per 15. Orders booked. LAKE- 
REST POULTRY YAR0S, R. F. D. No. 1, Livingston Manor, N. Y. 
Mammoth White HOLLAND TURKEYS 
purebred, large, vigorous White Wyandotte win¬ 
ners. H. W. ANDERSON, Stewartstown, Pa, 
SPLENDI0 S.C. WHITE LEGHORN COCKERELS fromthehome 
of " Queen Lil.” Record 234 eggs in 10 months 
anti 13 days, $2.50 each. Shipped on approval. 
JAMES E. WALTER, jr., Falls Church Va. 
Hone's Crescent Strain of R ose Comb 
Rhode Island Rpds~^ lgb class exhibition 
AJfUU M loldllU AUU5 birds, bred from exhi- 
bition matings, alsoehoice breeding birds bred from 
tested layers. Every bird sold on approval. D. K. 
HONE, Crescent Hill Farm, Sharon Springs, N. Y. 
sI°i-250 Rose and Single Comb R. I. Reds 
Yearling Cocks and Hens. Cockerels and Pullets. 
males. $2.50 to $5.00 each: females, 
$1 .,t 0 to $3.00 each < an be returned if not satisfac- 
tory. ROANOKE POULTRY FARM, Sewell. New Jersey 
S. C, White Leghorn Baby Chicks 10c each 
Safe arrival guaranteed. No order too large or too 
small. Hatching eggs by the setting or thousand: 
fertility guaranteed. Write for catalogue. 
RICH LAND FARMS - - Frederick, Md. 
Keep a Few Hens 
R. C. Black Minorca Pullets, the kind that lav those 
large, chalk-white eggs, and lots of them, they are 
regular egg machines and sure winners. 
MAPLE COVE POULTRY YARDS R. 0. 24 ATHENS, PA. 
P FIL E*S 65 Varieties 
£|ANT> and Water. Fowls. 
—- -—■ --—— Farm, 
raised stock, with eggs in season, 
bend 2c for my valuable illustrated de¬ 
scriptive Poultry Book lor 1918. Write 
Henry PUie, Box «?4 Freeport, Ill. 
More 
than 
merely 
fine 
grains 
Fme grains make good chick 
feed; but fine grains become the 
finest chick feed only through 
steam-cooking. 
H-0 Steam-Cooked 
Chick Feed 
is just what you need to turn your chicks into 
money-bringing poultry. 
It is a carefully prepared mixture of Corn, Cut 
Oatmeal, Cracked Wheat, Kaffir Corn, Peas and 
Millet — steam-cooked by a special process in 
our mill. 
Try some with your next brood—you’ll notice 
its superiority at once and it reduces the death rate. 
Sold only in 10-lb., 25-Ib., 50-ib. and 100-lb. bags, 
with tag showing guaranteed analysis. 
If you cannot get H-O Steam-Cooked Chick Feed, 
Intermediate Scratch, Scratch Feed, Poultry Feed, Dry 
Poultry Mash or Chick Feed from your dealer, write for 
samples and prices. 
JOHN J. CAMPBELL 
Qeneral Sales Agent 
HARTFORD, CONN. 
The H-0 Company Mills, Buffalo, N. Y. 
MAKE HENS LA’ 
more eggs; larger, more vigorous chicks; 
heavier fowls, by feeding cut bone. 
ilAUII’C latest model 
IVlAHn O BONE CUTTER 
L 
cuts fast, easy, fine; never clegs. 
■ 10 Days’ Free Trial. No money in advance. Book free. 
WF.W.MANN CO., Box 15. MILFORD, MASS. I 
MAKA-SHELL*”« 
Increases egg pro- 
‘ • alsil- 
GRIT 
earth. 
duction. Theoriglnal 
' ica grit. Avoid substi 
1 tutes. Ask your local I 
dealer or send $1.00 
for two 100-lb. bags f.o.b. cars. Agents wanted. 
EDGE HILL SILICA ROCK CO. 
Box J New Brunswick, N. J, 
IViacKellar’s Charcoal 
For Poultry is best Coarse or fine granulated, also 
powdered. Buy direct from largest manufacturers ol 
Charcoal Products. Ask for prices and samples. Est. 1S14 
j R. MacKELLAR’S SONS CO., Peekskill, N. Y. 
DAY-OLD CHICKS 
Healthy, vigorous, from heavy laying stock. 
Guaranteed full count and satisfactory. 
Place your order NOT —ami avoid the rush. 
Hatching Eggs Breeding Stock 
S. C. W. Leghorns. White and Barred Kooks. 
All eggs and stock guaranteed. 
Write for big new catalog: “Tywacana. 
Quality.” Gives full description and prices. ' ^FARMS^ 
TYWACANA FAIIMS POULTRY CO. POULTRY CO. 
A. E. Wright. Supt. Y‘Y *."* 
Box 68, Farming-dale, Long Island, N. f - 
S. C. W. Leghorn Chicks 
and Hatching Eggs 
Carefully Selected from Pure Strain Stock 
Our eggs guaranteed 80 £ fertile ; our 
chicks warranted full count and vigorous. 
Buy your spring stock from us—it pays. 
TYWACANA 
D* Chicks—$150 per 1000; $17 per 
I riCeS too; $9 per 50. Eggs—460 per 
per 
1000 ; $7 per 100: $4 per 50 ; $1.50 per 15. 
Write Today for Descriptive Folder 
CROSSWICKS POULTRY FARM 
Chas. "W. Brick, Prop., Box D, Crosswicks, N. J. 
Greider's Fine Catalogue 
and calendar of pure-bred poultry for 1913, large, 
many pages of poultry facts. 70 varieties illustrat¬ 
ed aud described, lucubators and brooders, low 
price of stock and eggs for batching. A perfect 
guide to all poultry raisers. Send 10 cents today. 
B. H. GREIDER, Box 58, Rheems, Pa. 
55 BREEDS 
Pure-Bred 
Chickens, Ducks, 
Geese, Turkeys, 
also Incubators, Supplies, and Collie 
Dogs. Send 4c for large Poultry book 
Incubator Catalog and Price List. 
H.H. HINIKER, Box as Mankato, Minn. 
Thoroughbred M. B. TURKEYS 
Heavy weight. Mrs. FLOYD KIRBY, Draper, Va. 
DARRED ROCK COCKERELS Limited number, $1.50 
■* each. O. M. Q. WRIGHT, Ransomvilie. N. Y. 
T HE FARMER’S FOWL— Rose Comb Reds, best winter 
layers on earth. Eggs, $1.00 per 15. Catalogue 
free. THOS. WILDER. Route 1. Richland. N. Y. 
WHITE WYAN00TTES^!/^,?^‘S 
Great laying strain. Satisfaction guaranteed. 
Prices reasonable. CLARENCE H. FOGG, Bridgeton, N. J. 
rOrKFRn C-Both White ami Barred 
R ockSi $1.50 each. Eggs 
guaranteed to he 804 fertile. $0 per hundred. 
THE MACKEY EARMS, - GUboa, N. Y. 
PflllI TRYMFN -Sen,i 2c stamp for Illustrated 
* ■ 11 1 Catalog describing 35 varieties. 
EAST DONEGAL POULTRY YARDS MARIETTA, PA. 
White Emden Geese and Ganders 
extra fine at a bargain through December. 
MAPLE COVE FARM, R. D. 24. ATHENS. PA. 
BRONZE TURKEYS from Prize Winners. Eggs in sea- 
u son. Stamp. MRS. H.CHUMBLEY, Draper,Va. 
Giant Bronze Toms~^’^ 
Write 11. J. VAN DYKE, Gettysburg, Fa. 
Our 1913 Poultry Book 
* 
PR Up —the most complete and practical 
U I guide to money-making poultry 
raising yet published. Eight new special 
chapters — worth hundreds of dollars to you. 241 
pages actual experiences, illustrations, advice. 
|7 ID C* Incubators 
Uirnovo and Brooders 
World's Standard Poultry Equ i pment. Book tells 
about Cyphers Company’s Free Bulletin and 
Personal Letter Service. Pre¬ 
pare for America's greatest 
Poultry year — highest prices, 
low cost production. Send 
postal for Big Free Book| 
today. Address 
Cyphers Incubator Co., 
Dept. 38, Buffalo, N. Y. rnlmM-'IntinUK 1 
Mrs. C. F. Merrick. Lockney. Tex., 
wuh her 140 egg Ironclad Incubator 
wins in the Mo. Valley Farmer and 
Nebr. Farm Journal liig Hatching 
Contest in 1912. She nlaced 148 eras — 
in the incubator and hatched 148 n * A ^ 
Strons- chicks. Think of that! You can W Ull tcS TS 
n .°w get these famous winners. Iron¬ 
clad also won in 1911 Contest. 
A WINNER 
In 1911 and 1912 
National 
Hatching 
Egg Incubator 
Chick Brooder 
Both 
For 
$ 10 — 
Incubator 
If ordered together. 80 Days Freight 
trial—5 year Guarantee. Order Paid 
direct—money back if not sat- — ^ . - 
isfactory Incubator is Calif. £381 Of 
Redwood covered with Galvan- Rnrlfipc 
ized iron, triple walls, copper 1 I 
tank, nursery egg tester. Set op ready 
to run. Brooder with 
wire yard. Roomy well 
made. Order from this 
adv. Catalogue Free. 
Ironclad Incubator Co. 
Box 90 Racine, Wis. (3) 
describes 
and Brooder B F o™ 
If ordered together., 
I Freight paid east of 
Rockies. Hot water, 
copper tanks, double j 
walls, double glass/ 
door3. Free catalog j 
Send for it today. 
Wisconsin Incubator Co., 
Box 118 Racine, Wis. 
YOUR HEHS The Story of 25 Years 
YOUR FARM 
with Poultry and Farmers 
and Fanciers wil 1 help many 
Farmers get more eggs— 
better prices; mak e more and 
save more money; tells things 
few folks know on making 
, .... . money with hens. Find out 
about America s Largest Line of Incubators and Brooders, 
and get six poultry chapters written by Robert Essex him- 
eeif—It s all in our Free Catalog—Write today. Address 
Robert Essex Incubator Co., 107 Henry St., Buffalo, N. Y. 
YOUR MONEY 
i 
CHICKS 
S.C WH ITE LEGHORNS 
Hoff's baby chicks are batched brim full of “Vital¬ 
ity” aud are bouud to live and grow. Quality egg 
iroducers as well as exhibition type. Also Rhodo 
_slaud Reds. Get your chick orders booked NOW. 
Safe delivery guaranteed. Also eggs for hatching. 
EXPERT CUSTOM HATCHING at reasonable 
charges. 24 years’experience inartificialincubatio.il. 
Candee mammoth and Prairie State incubators 
used. Write for my booklet and reasonable prices. 
D.C. R.HOFF, Lock Boxll5:Neshanic Station, N.J. 
S. C. W. LEGHORNS 
Annual Sale of Selected Yearling Breeders. 
HENS AND COCKS, *1 EACH. 
Mt. Pleasant Poultry Farm, Havre de Grace, Md. 
STRAIN S.C. Rhode Island Reds 
Standard bred, red to the skin. Eggs for hatching 
$3 00, $5.00 and $10.00 per set. (15) Utility $0.00 per 
100. 904 fertility guaranteed Cockerels, yearlings, 
pullets, baby chiei s. 
AUSTIN'S POULTRY FARM, Box 17, Centre Harbor, N. H. 
Austin’s 200 
BONNIE BRAE POULTRY FARM 
NEW ROCHELLE, N. Y. 
Breeders and shippers for 20 years of high-class S C. W. 
Leghorns ami Barred Plymouth Rocks. Baby chicks and 
hatching eggs our specialty. Correspondence invited. 
SUPERIOR BABY CHIX UliSSJi!.! 
26-page booklet free. 100,000 chick capacity. Order 
early to assure prompt delivery. TAYLOR’S 
POULTRY YARDS, Box R, Lyons, New York. 
7C SELECTED S. C. W. LEGHORN 
* . COCKERELS. One of the best laying 
strains in existence. Large white eggs and large 
white birds. J. M. CASE, Gilboa, N. Y. 
IPOl? QA7 Jp—Single Comb White Leghorn 
r VJXS. OALL Cockerels. $1.50 each or flvo 
for $5. GEO. L FERRIS & SON, Atwater, N. ¥. 
R. I. Reds, Houdans, Indian Runner Ducks 
High-class stock for UTILITY. SHOW or EX¬ 
PORT. Eggs for hatching. Mating list on request. 
SINCLAIR SMITH. 602 Fifth St.. Brooklyn, N. Y. 
Prize Winning Strains-^ 9 ™!*’ yea’: 
lings, $1.25 and upwards. White Leghorns. Brown 
Leghorns, Rhode Island Reds. Barred Rocks .White 
Wyandottes, Light and Dark Brahmas. Catalog 
gratis. F. M. PRESCOTT, Lviverdale, N. J. 
Pullets and Yearlings For Sale 
500 April and May Single Comb White Leghorn Pul¬ 
lets. 700 selected yearlings. Every bird guaranteed 
purebred, healthy and vigorous. 
SUNNY HILL FARM Flemlngton, N. J. 
GET YOUR COGKERELS NOW 
Barred and Buff Rock, R. & S. C. 
Reds, and White Wyandottes. 
MAPIE COVE POULTRY YARDS - R. 0. 24 - ATHENS. PA. 
PARTRIDGES i PHEASANTS 
Capercailzies. Black Game, Wild Turkeys. Quails, 
Rabbits, Deer, etc., for stocking purposes. Fancy 
Pheasants. Peafowl, Cranes, Storks. Beautiful 
Swans, Ornamental Geese and Ducks. Foxes, 
Squirrels, Ferrets, and all kinds of birds and 
animals. Send four cents for illustrated descriptive 
circulars. Win. J. Mackensen, successor to WENZ u 
MACKENSEN, Naturalists, Yardley, Penna. 
Fnr Salp -50 BARRED P. ROCK AND W. WYANDOT! : 
rui dale COCKERELS. Strong, vigorous breeders 
of fine quality at $2.50. Dr. S. C MOYER, Lansdale; Pa. 
PUREBRED S.C. W. LEGHORN PULLET I 
* —Choice April batched Cockerels. Orders take i 
for April day-old chicks. John Lorton Lee. Carmel, N. Y. 
