62 
THE RURAE NEW-YORKER 
January 18, 
FRUIT FARM IN CENTRAL INDIANA. 
II. H., Andrews, Ind .—I have a farm 
the hill region of Central Indiana—Brown 
Co. The soil is sandy to clay loam, under¬ 
laid with shaly sandstone. I believe it 
to be first-class fruit land. My idea is to 
work it into fruit and sheep; apples and 
Blue grass ought to make a good mutton. 
I am 40 miles from Indianapolis, nine miles 
from a railroad, over the hills. My plan 
is to set orchard, raise sheep and chickens, 
and when the orchard comes to bearing, 
work up the product into apple butter, 
jelly, cider and vinegar. Can this be done 
profitably? Has anyone else ever tried it 
as a main proposition ? What varieties 
would you recommend of apples, plums and 
peaches, the peach to be used as fillers? 
Is Gano better than Ben Davis, and why? 
Does it come into bearing as soon, and 
bear as regularly and abundantly? My 
list, subject to revision is: Ben Davis, 
Gano. Stayman, Winesap, Grimes, Arkansas 
Black, Stark, Kentucky Cider crab. This 
Kentucky Cider crab is recommended to 
me by J. A. Burten of Indiana. Plums: 
Lombard, Shropshire Damson, Bradshaw 
and German Prune. Is the German Prune 
better than other prunes? Peaches: El- 
berta, Salway, Kalamazoo, Burgess Cling 
and Oldmixon Free. 
A ns. —The plan of growing apples, 
sheep and chickens as the leading crops 
on a farm in central Indiana seems all 
right, provided the right matt and the 
right methods of handling them are fol¬ 
lowed. The land in the region men¬ 
tioned ought to bfe good enough from 
the description given. The location be¬ 
ing nine miles from a railroad is not 
by any means what would be preferred, 
for that means a long trip by team or 
auto and “over the hills,” which not 
only takes time and hard pulling, but 
it would give a good shaking up to 
everything that goes over the road. The 
real profit in the chicken business is in 
eggs, and they are not benefited any by 
a long and rough trip in very hot or 
very cold weather or over a rough road. 
And the same is true of apples and 
peaches, but as the plan is to make 
them into apple butter and peach butter, 
jell}', cider and vinegar, instead of sell¬ 
ing them in the fresh state, the jolting 
would make no difference. The products 
of the sheep, mutton and wool would 
be easy enough to transport safely over 
any kind of roads. But I have never 
heard of anyone planting an orchard 
for the express purpose of working up 
the fruit at home altogether, and yet I 
believe it would pay well enough. The 
more finished product would represent 
more cash income for labor expended. 
The plan of planting peach trees as 
fillers in the apple orchard I think 
in 'Wrong, for they will injure the apple 
trees in some measure before they have 
attained their full development. This I 
have seen done many times and have 
tried it myself with injurious results. 
I would plant early bearing apples as 
fillers instead, and cut them out when 
their room is needed. If I wanted to 
grow peaches I would plant them on a 
tract by themselves. They need differ¬ 
ent cultivation, different spraying, and 
their roots are far too greedy for close 
association with the apple roots. The 
sheep must be kept out of the orchards, 
except in case the apple trees are trained 
with quite tall trunks and the sheep 
well fed with grain, so as to keep them 
from wanting to gnaw the bark off the 
trees, and also that their manure would 
add materially to the fertility of the 
soil and thus help make the apple crop. 
All the fallen apples they eat will be 
turned into manure and wool, and thus 
may be easily and profitably marketed. 
The chickens could use the orchards of 
all kinds as ranges, and this would be 
a benefit rather than an injury to the 
trees. 
The varieties mentioned are mostly 
good, in my opinion, except the Ben 
Davis apple, which I do not see any 
reason for planting since we have Black 
Ben and Gano. They are both of equally 
poor quality with Ben Davis, but they 
are much darker red and more salable, 
in case the fruit is to be sold fresh. 
And the Black Ben is more attractive 
in color than Gano. They are all about 
equal in early and abundant bearing, 
and also in hardiness and vigor of tree. 
Arkansas Black is nothing extra in bear¬ 
ing or in the quality of its fruit, and I 
would not plant it. The Hewes (or 
Kentucky) crab is fit only for cider, but 
for this purpose it is excellent. The 
German prune is the best of its class 
for the Eastern States, because it is 
little affected by the curculio. 
H. E. VAN DEMAN. 
"Is you gwine ter let dat mewel do 
as he please?” asked Uncle Ephraim’9 
wife. “Wha’s you' will power?” "My 
will power’s all right,” he answered. 
"You jest want ter come out hyar an’ 
measure dis here mewel’s won’t power.” 
—Christian Register. 
CROPS. 
GOVERNMENT CROP REPORT. 
The final estimates of the Bureau of 
Statistics are as follows : 
Acreage Bushels 
Corn .. 107,083.000 3,124,740,000 
Wheat . 45,814,000 730,267,000 
Oats . 37.917,000 1,418,337,000 
Barley . 7,530,000 223,824,000 
Rye . 2,117,000 35,604,000 
Buckwheat _ 841,000 19,249,000 
Ifinseed . 2,851,000 28,073,000 
Rice. 722,800 25,054.000 
Potatoes .• 3,711.000 420.647,00(1 
Hay . 49,530,000 tons 72,691.000 
The leading States in corn acreage and 
production were: 
Acreage 
Bushels 
Illinois . 
10,658.000 
426.230,000 
Iowa . 
10,047.000 
432.031,000 
Missouri . 
7.622.000 
243.904.000 
Nebraska . 
7,609.000 
1S2.616,000 
Kansas . 
7,575.000 
174.225,000 
Texas . 
7.300.000 
153.300,000 
Oklahoma . 
5,44S,000 
101,878,000 
Indiana . 
4.947.000 
199.364,000 
Ohio .. 
4,075.000 
174,410,000 
Georgia . 
3,910,000 
53,958.000 
Kentucky . 
3,600.000 
109.440,000 
Tennessee . 
3.332.000 
88,298.000 
Alabama .. 
3.150.000 
54.180,000 
Mississippi .... 
3.106,000 
56.840,000 
N. Carolina ... 
2,808,000 
51,106,000 
S. Dakota .... 
2.495.000 
76.347,000 
Arkansas . 
2,475.000 
50.490.000 
Minnesota .... 
2.266.000 
78.177.000 
Virginia . 
1.980.000 
47,520,000 
Lousiana . 
1.805.000 
32.490.000 
Wisconsin . 
1.632.000 
58.262,000 
Michigan ..... 
1,625.000 
55,250,000 
Pennsylvania .. 
1.449.000 
61 582,000 
West Ya. 
725.000 
24,505.000 
Maryland . 
670.000 
24,455.000 
Florida . 
655,000 
5,815,000 
New York . 
512.000 
19,763,000 
Colorado". 
420.000 
8,736.000 
N. Dakota .... 
828.000 
8,758.000 
New Jersey ... 
273.000 
10.374,000 
.Delaware . 
195.000 
6.630.000 
Connecticut ... 
60.000 
8.000,000 
California .... 
52.000 
1,924,000 
Massachusetts . 
47.000 
2,115.000 
Vermont . 
45,000 
1,800.000 
New Hampshire 
23,000 
1,058.000 
Maine . 
16.000 
640,000 
Connecticut gave the highest yield per 
acre, 50 bushels. New Hampshire, 46; 
Massachusetts, 45: Iowa. 43; Ohio and 
Pennsylvania. 42; Rhode Island, 41 : Maine. 
Vermont. Indiana and Illinois. 40; New 
York and New Jersey, 38; California, 37. 
Thousands of men were out January 6 
in an effort to save from further damage 
by cold weather Southern California's 
orange and lemon crop, valued at $50,000,- 
000. The loss caused by the previous 
night's freeze cannot he estimated accu¬ 
rately, hut it was so serious growers and 
Citrus experts say. that it will have an 
appreciable effect on the price of fruit. 
Smudge pots by the thousands smouldered 
or blazed, emitting dense clouds of smoke, 
which it was hoped would raise the tem¬ 
perature in the orchards and groves suffi¬ 
ciently to prevent further freezing of fruit 
on the trees. Hardly more than a tenth 
of the orange crop has been shipped. The 
remainder will show serious losses. From 
Sail Bernardino to Los Angeles every acre 
of oranges and lemons was reported frozen. 
Only one-fifth of the crop could be saved, 
it was asserted. If this be true, the total 
loss on 150,000 acres of fruit will amount 
to close to $40,000,000. More conserva¬ 
tive estimates, however, figured the total 
damage at $20,000,000. Between $5,000,- 
OOO and $8,000,000 of this sum will be 
the loss to railroads in curtailed freight 
receipts. 
The fruit growers in this section are 
planting peach trees this year in large 
quantities; Elberta and Belle of Georgia 
are in the lead. Apples and Kiefifer pears 
are coming in for their share. It seems 
that the people from the apple section in 
New York think we could not grow apples, 
but it has been proven that we can, and in 
the near future central Delaware will put 
grapes in New York markets earlier and 
with a finer flavor than their own product. 
The farmers have most of their farm work 
done and are cutting fire wood and prepar¬ 
ing to move at the first of the year. Corn 
is selling at railroad for 50 cents; wheat, 
$1 per bushel; white potatoes, 35 cents 
per basket: sweet potatoes, 45 to 50 cents 
er bushel; apples, $2.50 to $3 per barrel; 
utter, 25 to 35 cents according to quality ; 
eggs from 30 to 35 cents per dozen, norses 
are selling at public sales from $50 to 
$150 according to age and ability; mules 
from $150 to $400 per pair; cows, $25 to 
$50 according to age. The writer, while 
walking down the street in Dover, saw in 
a coal dealer’s window a pair of balances 
with a lump representing gold on one end 
and a lump of coal on the other, showing 
that coal was on an equal with gold and 
more of a necessary at the present time. 
"While the city man sits in his house 
shivering with cold, goes down the cellar 
to fill the furnace, looks at the small pile 
and thinks of the price advancing, the 
farmer is toasting his shins by a roaring 
wood fire these cold Winter nights reading 
The R. N.-Y. and enjoying life. 
Dover, Del. d. c. 
The following prices prevail at this time 
in tliis locality : Wheat, per bushel, $1.03 : 
oats, 30; barley, 55; rye, 57; corn, per 
100 pounds, 57; clover seed. Little Red, 
per bushel. $9; Alsike, $10; Timothy seed. 
$1. No. 1 Timothy hay per ton baled. 
$11 ; No. 1 mixed, balixl, $10.50 No. 1 
clover, haled, $11; baled straw. $6: milch 
cows range from $45 to $75; fat cat¬ 
tle. per 100 pounds, from $5 to $6.50; 
veal calves. $7 to $8 ; hogs. $5 to $7. The 
farmers who have apples to sell have been 
retailing thorn at $1 per bushel, but I 
notice the stores are selling them for 50 
cents per peck. Butter is worth 25 cents 
per pound ; poultry, 10 cents a pound. In 
regard to borrowing money from the banks 
on individual note, will say I have had no 
trouble to get what money I wanted at 
6%; the loan companies will loan onc- 
lialf up to two-thirds the value of farm 
property. A. T. k. 
Celina, O. 
DON’T PAY FREIGHT ON WATER 
USE 
NIAGARA BRAND SOLUBLE SULPHUR COMPOUND 
Takes the Place of the Lime-Sulphur Liquid 
IN DRY FORM 
Dissolves Instantly in COLD or HOT WATER 
We have been manufacturing lime-sulphur solution for eight years and perhaps have manufactured more of this material than any other 
company in the business and finally succeeded about two years ago in putting out a material in dry form. Last year about one thousand 
fruit growers used this preparation and the results were so satisfactory that we were compelled to go into the manufacture of it on a very 
extensive scale. 
This material is not JUST as good BUT FAR superior to lime-sulphur solution, as past results have shown it is much quicker in controlling 
San Jose scale and fungus diseases, and also has controlled Aphis at the same time. It is put up in the following size drums: 100, 50, 25, 10, 
% 
5 and 1 pound. 
A 100-pound drum is equivalent to a 
600-pound barrel of lime and sulphur 
solution, therefore carrying only l/%th the 
freight rate. 
40V/IAfTdGEh it has over lime-sulphur solutions 
MUCH CHEAPER. 
Does not CRYSTALLIZE. 
No LEAKAGE. 
Will keep indefinitely in any climate. 
No barrels to return. 
No WATER to pay freight on. 
Will control San Jose scale in FOUR days. 
Sticks like paint. 
Fill in 
this form 
and mnil to 
NIAGARA 
SPRAYER Cfl. 
Middleport, N. V. 
The above statements are backed by Government Fruit Grower and Experiment Station reports covering a period of two years 
THE MOST TALKED OF SPRAY MATERIAL IN AMERICA 
Patented in United States and Canada. Guaranteed by NIAGARA SPRAYER CO., Middleport, New York, Under the Insecticide Act ef 1910. Serial Ns. 192 
The following are some of our largest distributing agents : 
Chas H. Childs Co., Utica, New York Buhl Sons Co., Detroit, Mich. Frost Insecticide Co., Arlington, Mass. 
Hibbard, Spencer Bartlett & Co., Chicago Meyer Bros. Drug Co., St. Louis, Mo. The Morrell Co., Toledo, Ohio 
Niagara Brand Spray Co., Ltd., Burlington, Ont., Canada I. W. Scott Co., Pittsburg, Pa. 
Name. 
P. O. 
State. 
Acres of Fruit. 
What kind. 
Interested in Power Sprayer.... Yesor No V We Manufacture All Kinds of Spraying Machines and Spraying Materials 
Interested in Hand Sprayer.Yes or No 
“ “ Soluble Sulphur 
Compound.Yesor No 
PLACE YOUR ORDER NOW WHILE YOU CAN GET IT. Write for circular and descriptive matter 
“ Lime Sulphur Solution.Yes or No 
“ Arsenate of Lead.Yes or No 
“ SULPHUR.Yes or No 
.Yes or No 
NIAGARA SPRAYER COMPANY 
MIDDLEPORT, NEW YORK, U. S. A. 
Spray Fittings or Accessories 
