THE Rl_J KAb NBW«YORKEB 
103 
r 
-w W %r5r' ■ . 
1913. 
Ruralisms 
STRAWBERRIES, BLACKBERRIES AND 
CELERY IN NEW JERSEY. 
jj. v.j Jersey City, N. J -—Will you ad¬ 
vise me what would be the average net 
returns to the acre of strawberries, black¬ 
berries and celery, on soil that is adapted 
to them, with a good local market, and 
what varieties would you advise for central 
New Jersey? I would also like to hear 
from some of your readers. 
Ans. —It is a very hard matter in¬ 
deed to estimate the net returns per acre 
of strawberries or any other kind of 
small fruit, as so much depends on the 
soil, its fertility, the cost of labor and 
the varieties and quality of berries pro¬ 
duced. First-class berries put up in at¬ 
tractive form always bring a much bet¬ 
ter price in the market than berries of 
a lower grade, no matter how carefully 
they may be picked and displayed. By 
way of illustration, there is a market 
gardener of my acquaintance in this 
vicinity who spares no effort nor ex¬ 
pense for manures and fertilizers in 
order to grow vegetables and berries 
of the highest quality. Last season his 
straw-berries yielded at the rate of over 
6,000 quarts of high-grade berries per 
acre. He received an average, of 11 
cents per quart wholesale for them in 
the local market. The varieties grown 
were Success, Chesapeake and Gandy. 
Many other growers growing and mar¬ 
keting the same varieties, but of very 
inferior quality, received an average of 
about seven cents per quart. The grower 
who sold his crop at an average of seven 
cents per quart probably did not pro¬ 
duce over 3,000 quarts of marketable ber¬ 
ries per acre. There is a good profit in 
the production of high-grade straw-ber¬ 
ries and blackberries, but not much 
profit in the production of an inferior 
grade of fruit. The net profit per acre 
for both fruits is usually about the 
same; just how much profit per acre 
can be realized on either fruit depends 
much on the season, the quality of the 
fruit and the market in which they are 
sold. The following varieties w-ill no 
I doubt succeed well in your locality: 
Strawberries, Success (early), McKin¬ 
ley (mid-season), Chesapeake (late). 
Blackberries, Wilson’s Early, Colorado, 
Taylor. 
Regarding the profits to be made per 
acre on celery much also depends on the 
fertility of the soil, varieties grow-n and 
system of cultivation. It is pretty gen¬ 
erally conceded by our best market gar¬ 
deners there is very little profit in the 
production of celery under the system 
of trenching, etc., before planting. When 
the large growing sorts are grown this 
system of cultivation is almost a neces¬ 
sity, and no other system w-as practiced 
until the advent of the dwarf grow-ing 
sorts,' which admitted of radical change 
in the method of cultivation. For the 
cultivation of the dwarf sorts the flat 
culture system is very largely used. 
After the soil has been properly pre¬ 
pared lines are made on the level sur¬ 
face three to Z l / 2 feet apart and the 
plants are set six inches apart in the 
rows. The planting should be done 
about July 1, after which there is noth¬ 
ing further to be done until about the 
middle of August except cultivating and 
keeping the plants free from weeds. 
The nights will now become somewhat 
cooler and the atmosphere cool and 
moist, which is very essential to the 
growth of celery. Earthing up may now 
commence on that which is wanted for 
use in September, October and Novem¬ 
ber. The initial operation is that of 
handling, as it is generally termed; after 
the soil has been drawn up to the plants 
with a hoe the leaves of this plant are 
then drawn together and held in an 
upright position with one hand while 
with the other hand the earth is drawn 
close up to and around each plant and 
firmed sufficiently to hold the leaves in 
position, after which they are further 
earthed up by the hoe or plow suffi¬ 
ciently to keep the plants in a perma¬ 
nent upright position. Care should be 
exercised when earthing the plants up 
in the early part of the Fall never to 
cover the heart with earth, as it will be 
growing rapidly and the weight of the 
soil will cause the hearts to become 
badly distorted and cause it to be alto¬ 
gether undesirable for market. This 
earthing up process must be continued 
every 10 days or two weeks until the 
crop is ready for the market. That por¬ 
tion of the crop intended for Winter 
storage will only require sufficient earth¬ 
ing up to keep the plant in an upright 
position, as the blanching is chiefly done 
after the crop has been placed in Winter 
quarters, which should be done about 
the third week in November, for if left 
out longer there is danger of it being 
damaged by freezing. Celery grown by 
this system usually returns a net profit 
of $200 to $250 per acre, much depend¬ 
ing on the quality of the celery and the 
condition of the market in which it is 
sold. The following sorts are most ex¬ 
tensively grown for market and private i 
use: Golden Self-blanching, Hender- ! 
son’s Golden Dwarf and Winter Queen, j 
The latter is of recent introduction and j 
is considered by many the finest of all 
for Winter use. It is of robust, stocky 
growth, requiring but little labor in 
earthing up for blanching. In quality 
it is not surpassed by any celery grown, 
possessing a sweet and nutty flavor to a 
marked degree. k. 
Multiplier and Potato Onion. 
J. 11. II., Grand Rapids, Mich .—What is 
the difference between Potato onions and 
Multiplier onions? How do you get the 
sets if grown from seed? What is the 
name and when sown? Can one grow his 
own seed? 
Ans. —There are two varieties of 
onions in commerce that increase by 
offsets at the root and make no seed. 
One of these is the Yellow Potato onion 
and the other is the White Potato onion. 
Both are sometimes called Multipliers, 
but this name is more commonly applied 
to the white than to the yellow. The 
Yellow Potato onion makes a large bulb 
and a lot of offsets that are used for 
planting. It is rather a poor keeper. 
The White Potato onion or Multiplier 
is a much smaller onion, and is com¬ 
monly grown only for green bunching 
onions. It differs from the Yellow Po¬ 
tato onion, not only in size and color, 
but is an excellent keeper. It is a good 
onion to grow for pickles. Neither of 
these make any seed and are increased 
only by planting the offsets. In this 
climate we plant them in September, but 
with you they would hardly stand the 
Winter and will have to be kept till 
early Spring. You can buy the sets 
from the seedsmen by the bushel or 
barrel, usually about $8 or $9 a barrel. 
The sets are of various sizes, and a 
large set will often produce one or two 
good onions and a number of sets. 
The Yellow Potato onion is the earliest 
ripe onion, and usually sells well till the 
great seed-grown crop comes in. 1 have 
gotten $4.50 a barrel for them in July. 
The White Multiplier seldom grows 
larger than a hulled walnut, but is very 
prolific and a useful onion to sell bunched 
green. Of course, after you get a start 
you will necessarily grow your own sets, 
since you will make both onions and 
Sets. W. F. MASSEY. 
Md. 
The court was having trouble getting 
a satisfactory jury. “Is there any rea-i 
6 on why you could not pass impartially 
on the evidence for and against the 
prisoner?” asked the judge of a pros¬ 
pective juror. “Yes” was the reply; 
“the very looks of the man makes me 
think he is guilty.” “Why, man,” ex¬ 
claimed the judge, “that’s the prosecut¬ 
ing attorney!”—Ladies’ Home Journal. 
MakeThose'' 
OlMjve'e'^ 
Beaij^l6c^GropS3SS 
_ 7-.~ -as... 
St 
t — t 
^Insects and diseases make the old 
orchards stop bearing. You can’t grow 
scale and good fruit on the same tree. 
Give the old orchards new life—they 
deserve it—by cultivating, pruning and 
spraying them. They wifi respond with 
perfect fruit — but you can’t get good 
fruit again until you kill the bugs and 
other pests. 
SPRAY 
PUMPS 
Do their work thoroughly. They 
deliver the spray under high pres¬ 
sure. There’s a Deming pump 
for every purpose—all durable, 
nothing to rust out; simple, 
strong. Your dealer has them 
or can get them, and Deming’s 
good nozzles, too. 
Our Spraying Calendar—Free 
Send postal now for our 
spraying calendar and for¬ 
mulas—they’re valuable. Con¬ 
tained in our fine new catalog. 
THE DEMING CO. 
Rand and Power Pumps 
for all purposes 
200 Depot St. Salem, Ohio 
LIME’SULPflUR HYDROMETER ive Fruit-Growers 
Hrice By Mail With Tea* # 1 
itr and Instruct Iona—. V * 
Ascot* Wanted Cvcry-wfecr* 
CARBONDALE INSTRUMENT CO.. Carbondile, E». 
Our latest 
book—"How to Spray, 
When to Spray, Which 
Sprayer to Use’’—is brimful of 
valuable spraying information. 
Its many pointers will interest you, 
no matter if yon are an expert or a nov¬ 
ice or your acreage is large or small. It’s 
free for the asking. Ask now. 
Goulds Reliable Sprayers 
Good spraying means better fruit and more 
of it. And good spraying is possible only 
with a Goulds Reliable Sprayer — the one 
sprayer with years of success behind it. If 
you would spray quicker, easier and more 
uniformly, try a Goulds. Made in 25 types, 
for hand or power. Don’t buy any Bprayer 
until you get our great free book. A 
postal brings it. Write today. Address 
The Goulds Mfg. Co. 
58 West Fall Streat 
Seneca Falls. 
N.Y. _ 
.II 
Profit by Spraying 
Get Free Book. Banish disease and blight 
—kill Insects. U9e sprayer that does most 
wo use Brown’s Auto Spray T 
Has Auto Pop Nozzle. Most powerful, 
efficient, economical for light work. 40 
sizes and styles—band and power outfits. w 
Br •«*' a Non- Cl.g Alomic Houle for larger sprayers. 
THE E. C. BROWN CO. 
28 Jay Street Rochester, N. Y. 
“EVER-READY” Orchard Sprayer 
High Grade Engine (4 cycle). Two cylinder Spray 
Pump. Jack is an iron SUB-BASE, extending under 
both engine and pump, binding them rigidly together. 
200 Gallon steel bound Spray Tank, 
equipped with powerful mechanical Agi- 
Studebaker Wood Wheel 
Truck, which can be detached 
in ten minutes and used for other 
farm purposes. 
NOT TOP HEAVY 
light-strong-compact; 
with the RIGHT PRICE 
The “ Ever-Ready ” has been on the 
market 10 years and is not an experiment. 
Send for our complete Spray Catalogue 
IVe are Builders—Not Assemblers 
Van Nouhuys’ Machine Works Albany," New York 
SPRAYERS $3 to $300 
For large or small orchards, market gardens, 
potato farms, grain, cotton, tobacco, home 
and garden work, poultry plants, white¬ 
washing, cleaning, cold-water painting, etc. 
Bucket and Knapsack Spray¬ 
ers, Horizontal and Vertical 
Barrel Sprayers, Traction 
Sprayers for field crops. Power 
Sprayers, 50, 100, 150, 250 gal. 
Furnished Complete or in part to build up 
Sprayers already in use. 40 Combinations. 
No. 190 
50 gallon 
Horizontal 
W0SAQE * 
50 gallon Power 
Sprayer 
rayers 
They have outside pumps— no corrosion, pleasant for handling, easy to get at. 
The pumps have the greatest efficiency, that is, the least slippage of any pumps 
in use on any sprayer—this has been shown by disinterested test. 
Unit Sprayers, so you build bigger when necessary. 
A»k your dealer to show them and write for new booklet,“Spraying Vines,Trees and Bushes,’’ 
We also make full line potato machines, garden tools, etc. 
Bateman M'Fg Co., Box 102-0 Grenloch, N. J. I?' 
2-H. “Original” 
engine. 
Double 
Acting 
Pump, 
direct 
connected. 
Chain 
driven 
agitator. 
Outside 
sediment 
chamber 
and strainer. 
Furnished with 
or without 
6teel truck. 
200 pounds constant 
^pressure, 6 to 8 nozzles. 
Tower furnished if wanted. 
