13S 
SFUEJ RURAL, NEW-YORKEF^ 
February 1, 
Hope Farm Notes 
Farm Credits. —There is to be a 
great discussion over the plan to or¬ 
ganize a system under which farmers 
can obtain credit or capital. You will 
find many who say at once that farmers 
now have all the credit they need or 
are entitled to. In most older settled 
sections there are usually farmers or 
business men who have money to loan, 
and they will usually let it out on the 
security of good real estate. I bor¬ 
rowed money in this way when 1 
started, but somehow we made no prog¬ 
ress at paying off the loan. It was 
made on short time, and at each re¬ 
newal there was a period of doubt and 
worry. I know of half a dozen cases 
where the lender demanded his money, 
and the debtor had to borrow again on 
hard terms in order to satisfy the first 
debt. 
I sold that property and let the next 
man assume the mortgage. When we 
bought again we borrowed from a build¬ 
ing and loan association. This seems 
like a hard way to borrow, but the 
principle of small montjhly payments 
was what saved us. We had to scratch 
and dig to keep these payments up, but 
each one cut down the debt a little. It 
is hard for the average farmer to ac¬ 
cumulate a sum large enough to satisfy 
a mortgage or any considerable part of 
it at one time, but yearly payments can 
usually be met. Take, for example, 
that farm drainage law in Vermont. 
Not many farmers could or would bor¬ 
row money on a short term loan to 
drain their farms. Under that law 
they pay $7.36 per year for each $100 
borrowed and at the end of 20 years 
at this rate of payment the debt is 
wiped out. 
There seems to me no doubt that 
this system of co-operative long-term 
credits has saved such nations as Ger¬ 
many and France from famine and 
revolution. The soil of these countries 
has been under cultivation for centuries, 
and expensive methods of handling it 
are necessary. The credit systems have 
furnished capital and, what is better, 
organization for buying and selling or 
acting together in groups. In fact, I 
think this organization would be about 
as useful for our farmers as the ad¬ 
vantage in making safe, long-term loans. 
In Europe and France in particular this 
system has had a patriotic effect that 
must be considered. The French peo¬ 
ple are very thrifty and they have money 
to invest. They would have put vast 
sums of money into wildcat propositions 
or sent it out of the country had there 
not been some safe home investment 
that was popular. This they found in 
the system of investments for farm 
credits. As arranged and carried out 
such securities were safe as govern¬ 
ment bonds, and the more the French 
people invest their money in this way, 
the more interested they become in 
their government and institutions. If 
500 American farmers send their money 
to banks and brokers to invest for them 
they have a business interest in public 
matters and not much more. If these 
same 500 farmers organize to keep their 
money nearer home and use it to buy 
the credit of other farmers they would 
soon have a new and stronger interest 
in their capital. Human nature is the 
same the world over, and this change of 
feeling regarding the use and invest¬ 
ment of money seems to have followed 
every development of the farm credit 
system. Those men who say there is no 
need of any such thing in America do 
not seem to understand what is pro¬ 
posed or else they have not yet thought 
it through to see what it will surely 
lead to. 
Something of this sort is surely com¬ 
ing just as soon as the American peo¬ 
ple understand what it will do in addi¬ 
tion to providing a chance to obtain 
long-term loans. In the meantime re¬ 
member that a man can hardly expect to 
obtain easy accommodations at a bank 
unless the bankers know him and also 
know something about his habits of 
payment. It will pay to open an ac¬ 
count at the bank—this is far better 
than to hide cash in the house or carry 
it around. Deposit such money as you 
get it and pay by check. Thus you get 
acquainted at the bank and establish a 
reputation. A shrewd old man told me 
once to borrow money from the bank 
now and then whether I had great 
need of it or not, always paying it back 
promptly. That would establish a repu¬ 
tation. and if the time came when I had 
to borrow, credit would be safe. I would 
not go so far as to advise young men 
to follow any such plan, but it stands 
to reason that if a man expects to bor¬ 
row -".oney he will stand a better 
chance if he has a bank account and a 
reputation for paying. He would prob¬ 
ably stand a better chance than a man 
who always paid cash on the spot and 
never did a banking business. 
The Home Master. —Strange to say, 
I have had, recently, half a dozen or 
more letters from people who have 
trouble between mother and wife. It is 
hard to bring such things out of the 
closet and air them, yet I know that 
some homes are made wretched by these 
disputes. Several women ask just what 
rights the wife has when her husband's 
mother lives in the home and is in¬ 
clined to be “boss.” There was a case 
in New York City last week which 
turned on this point. In this case wife 
and mother-in-law had trouble. The 
mother undertook to run the household, 
and the wife objected. The judge states 
that the law does not compel a man to 
support his mother in his home. It is 
his privilege to do so provided he can¬ 
not maintain two homes. 
Under these conditions ho is justified in 
providing a place for her in his own home, 
provided she recognizes that place and keeps 
it. Thus she can have no say whatever re¬ 
garding the management and control of the 
home ; this belongs to the wife, and if the 
husband’s mother makes discord where there 
should be harmony, interferes with the 
wife's control and management, even at 
the request of her son. or by her own im¬ 
proper conduct and thoughtless language 
makes the home unpleasant and distressing 
to the defendant, then the wife would be 
justified in leaving her husband and re¬ 
quiring support from him elsewhere. 
I should not discuss any such thing 
if our correspondence did not show that 
it is a live question in many households. 
I think the wife ought to be at the head 
of the home, yet I can easily under¬ 
stand the mother’s position, too. Hap¬ 
pily no one has yet asked for the legal 
standing of the wife’s mother. 
A First Crop.— I should judge that 
much waste land will be worked over 
and fitted for crops this Winter. What 
crop can we start off with? Here is a 
sample proposition: 
I have four acres of land that lias not 
been cultivated for more than 30 years. 
It is all grown up to White pine and birch 
brush. I have taken advantage of the open 
weather this Winter and pulled out all of 
the brush by the roots, and now have 
it entirely clear. I don’t know just how 
to handle it next Spring. The soil is fair, 
somewhat sandy. Can I plant it to pota¬ 
toes or corn, or should it first be sown 
to some crop to subdue the land? How 
would oats answer? Would Sweet clover 
do anything on it for first crop, or per¬ 
haps cow peas or Soy beans, followed in 
the Fall with rye, to be plowed in the 
following Spring? If Sweet clover is used, 
how much seed per acre? I would like to 
transplant a few of the White pines for 
a shelter row. When should this be done? 
I can get the pines anywhere from three 
feet to eight feet tall, which would be the 
better size ? H. J. I. 
Connecticut. 
In our case we should consider which 
we needed most—fodder or grain. If 
the former, we should plow the ground 
early and seed to oats and Canada peas. 
Cut the crop for fodder in July and seed 
to buckwheat and rye. With an average 
season the buckwheat will give a fair 
crop and the rye will come in with a 
thin seeding after the buckwheat is cut. 
A better way and the one we would fol¬ 
low is to plow this soil early and use a 
ton of ground limestone per acre. Har¬ 
row this in well and plant a good va¬ 
riety of flint corn in hills. Give the 
most thorough culture with enough 
hoeing to keep the weeds down, and at 
the last cultivation sow a mixture of 
rye and clover. We consider corn the 
best crop to clean up such land. The 
rye and clover will make a good growth, 
which can be plowed under the next 
year for a crop of potatoes 
Home Notes. —These are hardly like 
Winter nights, for a “warm spell” has 
come upon us once more. Somehow 
January seems more natural with the 
wind roaring and the snow piling up 
around the house. However, we can 
keep the fire blazing and there are ap¬ 
ples to eat and corn to pop. The chil¬ 
dren are having a great Winter. There 
has hardly been as much as a cold 
among them thus far, for we all sleep 
with the fresh air blowing around us. 
Not much afraid of the “night air” at 
Hope Farm. The little folks are work¬ 
ing out their reading and writing and 
small figuring. “Literature,” too, is in 
their line. Mother is still reading “Pil¬ 
grim’s Progress,” and as I write a very 
attentive little audience is gathered 
around her. But a short time ago little 
Redhead was in great mental trouble 
over some supposed wrong. Now all is 
well and I can read on the page with 
its big type: 
“Then there came to him a hand, 
with some of the leaves of the tree of 
life, the which Christian took' and ap¬ 
plied to the wounds that he had re¬ 
ceived in the battle, and was healed 
immediately.” h. w. c. 
Better Fruit 
SPRAY WITH PYROX 
NO WORMS. Pyrox kills 
all leaf-eating insects, codling 
moth, canker worm and kin¬ 
dred pests. 
NO SPOTS. Pyrox pre¬ 
vents or destroys fungous 
growths, scab, blight, rot, etc., 
thus producing beautiful, 
PRIZE QUALITY fruit. 
Leading fruit growers and ex¬ 
hibitors like Hardy of N. H., 
Repp Bros., also Barclay, of 
N. J., Tyson of Penn., have 
used Pyrox for years. You 
know their record. Pyrox is 
THE ONE BEST spray; 
smooth, creamy, free from 
lumps, mixes easily in cold 
water, doesn’t clog the nozzles. 
It sticks to foliage even through 
heavy rains, remaining effect¬ 
ive for months, thus saving 
expense of respraying. All 
ready to use by adding water. 
GOOD FOR ALL FRUITS 
AND VEGETABLES 
SEND FOR FREE BOOK 
ON SPRAYING with prices, 
etc. Also see if your dealer 
has Pyrox on hand. Wise 
growers are ordering early. 
Bowker Insecticide Co. 
43 Chatham St., Boston. 
We a!<o ship from Baltimore and Cincinnati. 
There will NKVER be enough num¬ 
ber one apples—ALWAYS too many 
cider apples. Don’t waste your time 
and vow trees growing inferior grades. 
Use “Scaiecide” the one sure spray for 
San Jose scale, and produce number 
one fruit. “Scaiecide” is 100G efficient 
against scale and has marked fungi¬ 
cidal properties. Used by best ort hard- 
ists the world over. Endorsed bv Ex¬ 
periment Stations. Our SERVICE 
DEPARTMENT furnishes everything 
for the orchard. Write today to Dept, 
for new booklet—“Pratt’s Hand¬ 
book for Fruit Growers” and “Scale- 
cide the Tree Saver.” Doth free. 
B. G PRATT COMPANY 
50 Church Street New York City 
SPECIAL EARLY PRICE ON 
POWER SPRAYERS ONLY 
t 
A Dollar 
“Friend” Nozzle 
(On condi¬ 
tion that 
you can 
sign the 
following) 
“Friend” Mfg. Co. 
Gasport, N, Y. 
Gentlemen:—I am in the market for a 
gasoline power sprayer this season. Enclosed 
find 10c for postage and packing of free angle 
.or straight.nozzle. Quote best spot 
cash price on Large Outfit.; Medium 
Outfit.; Small Outfit.;. 
My fruit is mostly apples. ; peaches. ; 
I am under no obligation but am ready to buy. 
Very truly yours. 
(Name). 
(Address) . 
SPRAYERS 
V 
^ For large or small orchards, market 
gardens, potato farms, grain, cotton, 
tobacco, home and garden work, 
poultry plants, whitewashing, 
cleaning, cold water painting, 
etc. From Bucket , Knapsack 
and Barrel Sprayers to 
Traction and 50 . 100 , 
150 a.id 250 gallon 
Power Sprayers — 
complete or in part 
to build up 
Sprayers a 1 • 
ready in use. 
40 com¬ 
bina¬ 
tions, 
: your dealer to show | 
them and write for new | 
r booklet. "Spraying Vines , 
r Trees and Bushes. ’* We also 
make full line potato machines, 
garden tools, etc. 
Bateman M'f’g Co, 
Box 1024 
Grenloch, N. J. 
What Sprayer?, 
Uso the sprayer that does the most/ 
work most thoroughly at the lowest cost. 
Brown’s Auto Spray- 
No. 1 fitted with Auto Pop Nozzle—mos 
powerful and efficient hand outfit. Cap 
acity 4 gallons. For large sprayers—i 
Brown’s Non-clog Atomic Spray Write 
for low prices and Free Spraying Guide. 
The K. C. Brown To., Jay St., Rochester, N.Y. 
madt y° u want a cheap, simple, abso- 
NU mUKfc lately sure way to keep Every 
RABBITS Rabbit and Every Borer out of 
your orchard, paint your trees 
irith “Sulfocide” the new concentrated sulphur 
compound. Simple to prepare. Cheaply and easily 
applied. One application will last for six months. 
Absolutely certain. “Sulfocide” will solve the 
rabbit problem. Write Today for book- 
let, ** Sulfocide —Sure Protection *”U mUKh 
from Rabbits and Borers.” Address B. BORERS 
O'. Pratt Co., so Church St.. N.Y.City. 
SURE CURE FOR SAN JOSE SCALE 
CHEAPEST AND BEST 
Jarvis Spraying Compound has no superior. Buy 
fiom the manufacturers direct and save money. A 
gallon of Jarvis Spraying Compound makes 10 gal¬ 
lons of spray. Compound ready to mix with water. 
Sold in bbl. lots (SO gallons), 30 cents per gallon. 
References—J. H. Hale, the “ Peach King,” or I’rof. 
Jarvis of the Connecticut Agricultural College. 
They will tell you there is nothing better. 
Tll« T T R A C* Rnw D MnncllA.fnv 
6,000 of This Machine in Use Today 
'THOUSANDS of the most successful fruit growers say their success is in a large measuro 
due to the reliable and effective operation of this machine. It is noted for its 
RELIABILITY-LARGE CAPACITY 
HIGH PRESSURE—LIGHT WEIGHT 
When you buy a “ Hardie ” you take no chances. I’liey aro right all the way through, from 
the engine to tho nozzle. The growers of any fruit section of this country will tell you this. 
We make several other sizes and styles. Our catalogue and prices are ready for you. A 
postal card will bring them. Write it now. 
THE HARDIE MANUFACTURING COMPANY 
HUDSON, MICHIGAN. HAGERSTOWN. MD. 
T 
ME 
The Sprayer W th the Trouble Left Out 
