THE RURAt NEW-YORKER 
141 
1913. 
RESOLUTIONS OF THE NEW YORK STATE 
AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
The following resolutions were adopt¬ 
ed by the New York State Agricultural 
Society at its annual convention in Al¬ 
bany on January 15: 
Whereas there is universal complaint 
against the high cost of living and accum¬ 
ulating evidence of its further increase: 
and 
Whereas investigation shows that the 
price of foodstuffs at the farm scarcely 
covers the cost of production, and in many 
cases does not promise the cost of shipment 
alone, with the result that they are left 
to rot on the ground, while the cost to the 
consumer is maintained at the high price 
of unproductive seasons : and 
Whereas the investigation further shows 
that the difference between the low cost 
to the producer and the high cost to the 
consumer is caused by the wasteful meth¬ 
ods of transportation and excessive charges 
of transportation companies and middle¬ 
men : and 
Whereas it is generally conceded that 
the most effective way to stop this wasteful 
and expensive method of transportation is 
through the cooperation of the producer 
and consumer in the matter of packing, 
shipping and buying farm products: 
Therefore re it resolved that the Leg¬ 
islature of the State of New York be re¬ 
quested to pass a bill authorizing the or¬ 
ganization of cooperative producing, operat¬ 
ing, marketing and buying companies by 
producers and consumers, and that this 
statute surround such organizations with 
every possible safeguard and precaution 
of law to the end that the cooperative 
principle may be maintained. Among these 
provisions we recommend : 
1. That no company or ass'- ration be 
allowed to use the word cood«.-i ion in its 
name or literature unless oigarned under 
the cooperative law : 
2. That members in cooperative soci¬ 
eties he oblig'd to hold at least one share 
of the stock of the company. 
3. That the stock held by one person be 
limited 
4. That dividends on the stock be lim¬ 
ited. 
5. That companies be organized on the 
basis of one man one vote, irrespective 
of the stock held. 
6 . That the principle of voluntary mem¬ 
bership with an equitable participation and 
control be maintained as an essential prin¬ 
ciple in all cooperative enterprises organ¬ 
ized under the act. 
7. A provision by which members of 
cooperative societies may bind themselves 
to sell certain products and do certain 
acts through their society, and to enforce 
the performance of such contracts. 
The above resolution was unanimously 
adopted by the Society, and the follow¬ 
ing resolution was then offered: 
Whereas it is universally conceded that 
the most efficient way to reduce the high 
cost of living in cities, and at the same 
time to return a fair profit to country 
producers, is through a carefully organized 
system of cooperation in packing, grading, 
shipping, marketing and buying food pro¬ 
ducts, thus bringing the producer and con¬ 
sumer together and eliminating largely, if 
not entirely, the expense and waste of in¬ 
tervening agencies, and 
Whereas our people are as yet unfamil¬ 
iar with cooperative work and cooperative 
organizations, considerable work must be 
done to educate and organize producers on 
the subject and to supervise and direct the 
work in its initiative stages, and 
Whereas our Society is without sufficient 
funds to pursue this initiative work, 
Therefore be it resolved That the New 
York State Legislature be requested to 
appropriate $20,000 to be expended through 
the Department of Agriculture for the pur¬ 
pose of cooperative organization among the 
producers of the State, and that this So¬ 
ciety hereby tenders the services of its 
members to the Department of Agriculture 
for such advisory and personal assistance 
as they shall be enabled to render in the 
organization and development of the work. 
One member, connected with the In¬ 
stitute work of the State, objected to 
this resolution on the ground that it 
was special legislation. The defendants 
of the resolution pointed out that it was 
no more special legislation to instruct 
farmers how to grade and pack and 
market farm products than it is to teach 
them how to grow and increase the bur¬ 
den of farm products which they have 
been unable to market, and which in 
many cases have rotted on the ground 
after having been produced. Yet the 
education in production has been con¬ 
tinued exclusively for the past 40 years 
through the Farm Institutes and through 
other educational agencies in the State. 
The discussion served to develop enthu¬ 
siasm for the resolution, and it passed 
with the one dissenting vote. 
Another co-operative resolution was 
the following: 
Whereas every business in this country, 
except the business of the farm, has a finan¬ 
cial system adapted to its peculiar needs, 
and 
Whereas a farm cooperative mortgage 
system is in successful operation in prac¬ 
tically all of the European countries, under 
state laws, state inspection and state con¬ 
trol, 
Therefore be it resolved by the mem¬ 
bers of the New York State Agricultural 
Society in convention assembled, that it 
is the sense of our people that laws should 
he effected, and put on our statute books, 
authorizing the organization of State mort¬ 
gage banks, for the purpose of financing 
mortgages on farm property iu the State 
of New York, and for the encouragement, 
drainage and improvement of farm prop¬ 
erty. and be it further 
Resolved, That our Legislative Commit¬ 
tee he hereby instructed to assist in the 
preparation, and to encourage and urge the 
passage of such laws during the present 
session of our State Legislature. 
One representative objected to the 
above on the ground that farmers al¬ 
ready had all of the banking facilities 
they need, and that they are already de¬ 
positors in the National banks and in 
the savings banks of the State. The de¬ 
fenders of the resolution accepted the 
objection as the strongest possible argu¬ 
ment in favor of a system suited to 
farm mortgage credits, for the reason 
that the National banks are forbidden 
by law to invest in farm mortgages, and 
for the further reason that the Asso¬ 
ciation of Savings Banks put themselves 
on record as being opposed to making 
loans on farm property, so that in our 
present circumstances the deposits of 
the farmers in these institutions cannot 
or are not used for farm mortgages. 
The money is, therefore, devoted to 
other interests and portions of it at 
least sent to New York, where it is 
used for speculation and gambling in 
giving fictitious values to stocks of other 
enterprises, many of which never had, 
and never will have, any intrinsic value. 
The discussion also developed enthusi¬ 
asm for this resolution, and it was 
adopted with the one dissenting vote. 
EVENTS OF THE WEEK. 
DOMESTIC.—Secretary of Commerce and 
Labor Nagle January-16 sustained the rec¬ 
ommendation of the board of inquiry at 
Ellis Island that Edward F. Mylius, the 
young Englishman accused of libelling King 
George by charging him with bigamy, be 
excluded from this country as an undesir¬ 
able alien. Uniesr Mylius can get a court 
to review this finding, he will be sent back 
to France at the expense of the steamship 
company which brought him hero. It is 
understood that an effort will be made to 
have the proceedings reviewed. In reach¬ 
ing his conclusion to exclude Mylius, Sec¬ 
retary Nagle decided that Mylius’s offence 
was not political, but was a crime involv¬ 
ing moral turpitude. 
The equal suffrage constitutional amend¬ 
ment carried in the South Dakota Senate 
January 16 with only two opposing votes. 
This was the first time it has gone through 
without a fight. 
Edgar R. Jackson, president of the Jack- 
son Brothers Realty Company, was con¬ 
victed of grand larceny ; an indictment on 
a similar charge was filed against his 
brother, Oslin M. Jackson, treasurer of 
the company, and Charles E. L. Clark, 
said to have acted as treasurer of a 
dummy concern organized by the Jacksons 
to facilitate their business, was indicted 
for grand larceny in New York, January 
17. Clark was arrested within a few min¬ 
utes after he had taken the stand iu Edgar 
R. Jackson’s behalf in the Criminal Branch 
of the Supreme Court. Clark swore to 
Jackson's good character, and almost while 
his words were echoing iu the court room 
found himself arrested for a larceny of 
$23,500 from Yonkers men. There are three 
others named in the same indictment, one 
of whom is said to he Oslin Jackson, who 
is now believed to he out of town, the 
second is Edgar IL Jackson, and the third 
is said to he a resident of Y'onkers. Iu 
the ease against Edgar R. Jackson which 
resulted in his conviction, Miss Mary Grif¬ 
fith, of Akron, Ohio, was the complainant. 
She lost $5,000 which she invested with 
Jackson Brothers in land which they said 
they owned on Long Island and on which 
they promised quick and enormous profits. 
Jackson Brothers are said to have had 
dupes all over the country. George Wil¬ 
son, a former employe, testified at the 
trial of Edgar R. Jackson, that the amount 
of business done by them was enormous, 
and that they were considered one of the 
largest real estate firms in the country. 
He told of customers In Maine, Massachu¬ 
setts, Wisconsin and Georgia. One widow 
in New York who had lost her whole for¬ 
tune through Jackson, committed suicide 
after his conviction. 
At least six lives were lost and damage 
of $500,000 done in the worst fire in tile 
history of Edmonton, the capital of Al¬ 
berta, Canada, January 17. A new five- 
story brick block and a frame block were 
destroyed. The collapse of a wall crushed 
a small frame rooming liouse> occupied 
by Italian workmen and a half dozen of 
them were killed. 
The Court of Appeals at Albany, N. Y., 
dealt a severe blow January 21 to the 
“loan shark” business when it held as il¬ 
legal the practice of exacting additional 
sums from borrowers under the guise of 
payments for expenses incurred in draw¬ 
ing up papers and examining the title of 
property. The court says that under a 
recent law persons or corporations en¬ 
gaged in loaning money on personal prop¬ 
erty cannot charge more than 2 per cent 
interest a month and not more than $2 for 
expenses incurred on loans of less than 
$200. The question was raised by Eliza¬ 
beth Riordan, of Now York, City, in an 
action against a loan company because 
she was compelled to pay 2 per cent in¬ 
terest on a loan of $65 and an additional 
$10 to a third person for examining the 
title to her property and executing the 
mortgage on which the loan was made. 
FARM AND GARDEN.—Assemblyman 
Meyer Greenberg introduced a hill in the 
New York Legislature January S providing 
for an appropriation of $500,000 for estab¬ 
lishing a State training school for farmers 
and a commission of five members by the 
Governor with consent of the Senate. The 
hill authorizes the commissioners to pur¬ 
chase land in the vicinity of New York City 
aggregating 1,000 acres or more, and simi¬ 
lar tracts in the vicinity of Buffalo or any 
second class city, on which to erect schools 
and other buildings. Any persons under 
16 years of age who has been a resident 
of the State for moro than a year and 
lias no criminal record, may he entered in 
the training school. Each pupil is to live 
on the farm and must render personal serv¬ 
ice in farm duties. For this he will re¬ 
ceive from $7 to $10 a month, the compen¬ 
sation to be graded as to class standing. 
The eighteenth annual convention of the 
Ohio State Dairymen's Association will be 
held at the Ohio State University, Colum¬ 
bus, Ohio, February 13 and 14. The best 
speakers available have been secured to 
discuss phases of dairying. Every dairy¬ 
man of the State is invited to attend this 
meeting, iuc dairymen's banquet will be 
held the evening of the 13th. Liberal 
premiums are offered for milk, cream and 
butter. Anyone wishing entry blanks or 
further information in regard to the ex¬ 
hibits, or any phase of the convention, 
should address Professor Oscar Erf, Ohio 
State University, Columbus, Ohio. 
The programme of the next meeting of 
the New York State Drainage Association 
contains many tilings of interest to all 
those persons having wet land. The meet¬ 
ing will occur on the 10th and 11th of 
February in connection with Farmers' Week 
at the * State College of Agriculture, at 
Ithaca, N. Y. Silver cups and medals are 
offered by the Association for reports of 
experience in land drainage. The details 
of this competition and further information 
concerning the meeting may he had upon 
application to the Secretary of the Asso¬ 
ciation, Elmer O. Fippin, Ithaca, N. Y. 
The country church has been given a 
place on the programme of the annual 
Farmers’ Week at the State College of 
Agriculture at Ithaca, N. Y., February 10 
to 15, 1913. The Fourth Annual New 
York State Country Church Conference is 
to he held there on February 11. Its 
general theme is to be “The country church 
and the country community.” The pro¬ 
gramme includes many notable speakers. 
About $50,000 is to be expended by the 
New York Women’s League for Animals, 
on a horse dog, cat and bird hospital which 
is to be erected on the block front on the 
west side of Lafayette street, between Bond 
street and Shinbone alley. Every modern 
facility to be found in hospitals for hu¬ 
mans will be installed in this new build¬ 
ing. It will be three stories high, of fire¬ 
proof construction and will be the only 
building of its kind in the country. There 
will be a large reception room on the first 
floor, also an operating room, a dispensary, 
offices and stalls and a waiting room. On 
the second floor will be stalls and box stalls 
for horses and an operating room. The 
third floor will contain a large space de¬ 
voted to dog, kennels, a kitchen for cooking 
food for the patients, two rooms for dogs 
with contagious diseases, one room for 
eats, one room for birds, a study and meet¬ 
ing room, a kitchen for cooking food for 
nurses and surgeons, a dining room and 
parlor. Features will be a fully equipped 
bathroom for horses and dogs on the sec¬ 
ond floor and an extra large elevator for 
carrying patients to the different floors. 
W. A. Manda, Inc., of South Orange. 
N. .T.. was awarded a verdict of $710 with 
interest in his suit against the United 
States Express Co. for damages to a car¬ 
load of plants shipped March 1. 1911, to 
the National Flower Show at Boston, Mass. 
It was shown that owing to delay in de¬ 
livery the plants especially a large num¬ 
ber of orchids, were badly chilled, causing 
a loss. The amount of $710 was exactlS" 
the damage estimated to have been done. 
The twelth annual meeting of the Nebras¬ 
ka State Agricultural Associations at the 
University Farm, Lincoln, Neb., included 
the Corn Improvers’ Association ; fruit, 
flower and corn show ; State Board of Agri¬ 
culture : Improved Live Stock Breeders’ 
Association: State Horticultural Society: 
Good Roads Association: Dairymen's As¬ 
sociation ; Home Economies Association : 
Bee Keepers’ Association: Sheep Breeders’ 
Association: Pure Grain and Seed Grow¬ 
ers’ Association: Country Life Improve¬ 
ment session, and Agricultural Extension 
Conference. 
PARCEL POST NOTES. 
You ask what we find in regard to par¬ 
cel post. 1 find the rates as somewhat 
high after I have looked them over. I 
live about 180 miles from New York, and 
that city is nearly all in the third zone 
from me and therefore calls for a rate of 
seven cents for the first pound and five 
cents for each succeeding pound. Now 
New York does not seem very far away, 
but it will cost us at least six cents a 
pound to send dressed chicken or other 
such things, and as a dozen eggs weigh 
lja pounds it would cost about eight or 
nine cents a dozen to send them. We must 
have a good package to send them in, and 
'that would cost something, which cost 
must all be added to the price of the eggs; 
I would think it would be more than most 
people would want to pay. The same would 
be true of butter, and when we can get 
from 25 to 40 cents per pound for our 
butter here I should not think many would 
care to pay enough more to pay us to send 
it there. Nearer places are higher rates 
in proportion, as Amsterdam is 12 miles 
and the rate is five cents for first pound 
and three cents thereafter. But still par¬ 
cel post will he a great help sometimes 
as it is. and I think it would be well to 
study it carefully. When I was in Florida 
three years ago I sent about one quart 
of dewberries to my wife and the express 
was 35 cents, and she had to go to the 
express otlice seven miles to get them. 
If I could have used our parcel post the 
cost would have been 21 cents on thitt 
package and it would have been delivered to 
the mail box. I sent a dressed chicken 
to Paterson, N. .T., and it cost 27 cents 
postage of chicken and package: chicken 
weighed 314 pounds, whole, package 414 
pounds, making it necessary to use the 
five-pound rate. That would be about eight 
cents a pound for the chicken, and as they 
are worth 25 cents here if good ones it 
would have to he charged at about 35 
cents a pound to show any profit by sending 
it away. But I expect to use the parcel 
post every time T can. As soon as I can 
find some packages that are suitable I will 
try sending butter and eggs, and try them. 
Galway, N. Y. p.‘j. B. 
The Other Side. 
Reading your remarks on parcel post 
prompts me to send you a card I received 
from a farmer living within the 50-mile 
zone. I was in favor of parce-l post until 
T got this card in answer to a card I sent 
him. You can see for yourself where I 
would be if I patronized this farmer. I 
made some inquiries on butter and strictly 
fresh eggs In one of our best and most re¬ 
liable stores in Cleveland, and these are 
the prices to-day: Butter in bricks at 42 
cents and eggs at 37 cents, and cheaper 
for common and storage. If I buy from 
this farmer, and pay his price, 42 cents 
for butter, two pounds with postage added 
11 cents, or 95 cents, and three dozen 
eggs at 32 cents, with package and postage 
added 35 cents, or $1.31, then add five cents 
for postal money order and two cents 
stamp added, you can see where I would 
lose 38 cents in the deal. No parcel post 
for me under the present plans. And be¬ 
sides I would have to run the chance of 
my folks not liking the butter, and stand 
the chance of having some broken eggs 
and not knowing whether they were strictly 
fresh, not knowing the farmer from whom 
I got them. g. o. c. 
Cleveland, Ohio. 
The card referred to makes the following 
offer : 
‘ Two pounds butter at 42 cents, plus 
postage, equals 95 cents. 
“Three dozen eggs at 32, plus postage, 
and package, equals $1.31. 
“Cash with order.” 
We have never felt that under the pres¬ 
ent rates much business in eggs and butter 
can be done except over the home rural 
routes. There are other articles, however, 
which can be sent, and in time the pres¬ 
ent rates will be overhauled and corrected. 
There was great complaint with rural free 
delivery when it first started. 
A Success Near Cleveland. 
January 1 the editor of our home paper 
called to know if we would accept a free 
advertisement in the “Press,” one of our 
Cleveland dailies. This paper is doing 
everything possible for the parcel post. 
We did not have anything, having con¬ 
tracted our eggs, and had orders for more 
maple syrup than we could fill. Finally 
I happened to think we had a large supply 
of mincemeat and apple butter, so our ad¬ 
vertisement read, "Mincemeat and apple 
butter. The kind Mother used to make.” 
We were deluged with inquiries, and could 
have sold barrels of it instead of jars, 
had we had it. Not a word of fault found 
either and prompt payment in every ease. 
Not only shall we be able to self these 
articles, but all kinds of farm produce. 
We feel this is going to be one of the 
greatest helps the farmer ever had, when 
used long enough to get remodeled rates, 
etc. It will be the means of selling at a 
fair rate thousands of dollars of produce 
that at present are waste products, for 
which heretofore there has been no market. 
While driving recently my husband and 1 
saw less than 40 miles from Cleveland orch¬ 
ards of nice Baldwin apples that had not 
been pithered. Some were still in good 
condition. _ All such produce should he 
used. It is not the high cost of living 
alone that confronts the city man. but the 
problem of getting the produce at a rea¬ 
sonable price, which at present is not 
marketed at all. sirs. jas. lampman. 
Ohio. 
OHIO STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. 
Tart T. 
Immunizing hogs against cholera, tuber¬ 
culosis testing of cattle, problems of the 
rural church, rural credits and cooperation, 
and matters of education were questions 
that occupied the attention of the farmers 
of Ohio at the meeting of the State Board 
of Agriculture held in Columbus the week 
of January 20. Leading veterinarians of 
the State at the opening session, January 
14. discussed methods of prevention of the 
loss to the swine industry in the State, 
which is in the vicinity of $3,000,000. The 
hog eholera serum was unanimously de¬ 
clared a preventive, and was considered 
void of curative value, and the matter of 
vaccination of healthy animals was declared 
the only effective way of combatting tho 
disease. The State was urged to take more 
active measures in behalf of the swine in¬ 
dustry and to supply skilled men who could 
respond quickly and who could administer 
the immunizing serum without delay. 
The testing of cattle for tuberculosis was 
declared a business proposition, and it was 
said that the farmer would have to face it 
squarely because of the demand on the part 
of the consumer for milk from tested cows. 
Leading veterinarians discussed the ques¬ 
tion of persons being susceptible to the dis¬ 
ease by consuming milk from infected ani¬ 
mals. It was declared by several speakers 
that it is impossible to find in the history 
of medical practice any number of eases 
of the white plague that can be traced di¬ 
rectly to the consumption of milk from dis¬ 
eased cows. Another speaker declared that 
less than two per cent of human tubercu¬ 
losis can he traced to diseased cows, and 
that the danger can be eliminated by effi¬ 
cient pasteurization of milk. However, the 
farmers were urged to take a stand against 
buying or keeping affected cattle. It was 
stated that every cow and every person is 
more or less tuberclous some time during 
life and that tho tuberculin test was so 
infallible that it sought out the earliest 
evidences of the disease in the remotest 
parts of the system. A leading speaker 
said in Belgium infected cattle were vac¬ 
cinated and this and other countries in 
Europe had abandoned the test with the 
destruction of infected stock in view, as is 
agitated in the United States. Farmers 
were urged to protect their herds against 
the ravages of the disease, for public sen¬ 
timent is against buying the product of an 
infected dairy. 
“The farmer is more valuable than the 
farm," was the statement of Dr. Warren 
II. Wilson of New York City, presiding offi¬ 
cer for the second dc.y, during which coun¬ 
try life problems were discussed. “The 
farmer to-day,” Dr. Wilson declared, “does 
not have an income sufficiently large to 
met his expenses and support his church 
as he did formerly, because of the increased 
demands on his revenue, and the multiplicity 
of his needs.” The country folk have no 
leisure to-day, was the opinion of tins 
speaker. The relation of tho country 
church to social conditions on the farm 
was viewed as vital. The Rural Life Sur¬ 
vey of the State of Ohio revealed that one- 
third the rural population are renters, 
that in 19 counties three-fourths of the 
churches are not growing, and that there 
are 700 abandoned churches in the State. 
E. X. 
