1913. 
20*1 
THE RURAb NE-W-YOKKKK 
Cotton-seed Meal for Feed and Fertilizer. 
P. J. B., Galway, N. Y .— 1 have read 
the statement that cotton-seed meal waa 
worth about two-thirds as much for fer¬ 
tilizer after it was fed to stock as if ap¬ 
plied to the land before feeding. Is that 
about true? If so it is a cheap feed or a 
cheap fertilizer, one or the other, as I have 
seen a good many tons used for fertilizer, 
and also know it is a good dairy feed. 
Ans. —The statement is about right. 
Cotton-seed meal is about the richest 
stock food we have, and is also a strong 
fertilizer when used directly as such. 
Many of the tobacco growers in the 
Connecticut Valley consider cotton-seed 
meal by far the best source of organic 
nitrogen, and they use it with chemicals. 
For ordinary crops this meal would 
hardly pay, as other forms of nitrogen 
are cheaper. As a stock food cotton¬ 
seed meal is constipating in its effect, 
and when fed too heavily will cause 
trouble from garget or udder troubles. 
When fed freely with dry feed it may 
cause nervous troubles. It is best fed 
with laxative feeds like pasture grass, 
roots or silage. About two-thirds of its 
plant food value will be found in the 
manure. 
Planting with Dynamite. 
Of course it is not always necessary to 
blast out a hole for setting a tree, for if 
the land has been well prepared, and a 
deep furrow has been made a shovel is 
all that is necessary to clean out the earth 
where the trees are to be planted, and 
to fill in around the roots with the top 
earth, which is always the best to use, for 
that thrown out of the hole will not be 
as good. But where the land has not been 
well prepared before by a thorough plow¬ 
ing, but very hard, which often happens 
along the fence where we wish to set out 
the trees, or on a steep hillside hard to 
be plowed, then dynamite is just the thing 
for us to use. Whether the cheapest plan 
for digging the hole for the trees, depends on 
the amount of explosive to be used and 
the hardness of the earth, but a stick cut 
in four pieces will generally be enough 
when using the high-grade or the 40%. but 
the hole should be 18 to 24 inches deep, 
to give the best results, as a shallow hole 
will only loosen the surface soil, and not 
the hard pan underneath. The size of the 
tree or roots must be taken into consider¬ 
ation. 
The easiest plan to follow in preparing 
the place for the dynamite is to use a 
large crow-bar and to drive it into the 
ground by hand, by lifting it up and drop¬ 
ping the bar with force, but if the land is 
very hard a rock-driller’s hammer should 
be used to drive it down. By frequently 
turning it around, as is done when rock's 
are drilled, the operator prevents the bar 
lodging and sticking fast. When the hole 
is ready the cartridge is prepared for fir¬ 
ing, which is a simple process, but care 
must be exercised, for it is dangerous if 
carelessly handled. The explosive is taken 
in the left hand and the paper at the end 
opened; a hole is then made by using a 
sharp pointed stick and pushing it down, 
next to the paper covering, for an inch or 
two, not allowing any of the contents to 
fall out. The cap is fastened to the fuse 
by gently pressing the open end with a 
knife or any dull piece of iron. Some men 
use their teeth to crimp the cap. but I 
do not take kindly to that method of 
crimping. Then insert the cap and fuse in 
the cartridge, pressing down the loose dyna¬ 
mite lightly around the cap. and tie the 
open end of the paper tight around the 
fuse, to prevent its being drawn out in 
subsequent handling. 
When all is ready drop the explosive and 
fuse in the hole prepared, pushing it down 
with a stick to the bottom, and throw in 
a little earth, tamping it firmly down, and 
continue until the hole is filled. Never use 
an iron rod or bar for tamping the earth, 
if life is of any value, for many severe 
and often fatal accidents have been caused 
by the use of iron, for tamping. When the 
hole has been filled and well tamped, cut 
off the fuse a few inches above the ground, 
opening up the end with a knife so the 
fuse will ignite quickly. Clean out part 
of the loose earth made by the explosion, 
and throw in some of the good surface 
6oil; set the tree, filling up the hole with 
surface soil, tramping it firmly down around 
the roots, but leave the few upper inches 
loose so that the rain will penetrate 
readily. If the tree has not already been 
trimmed this is a good time to do the 
work. 
I have tried blasting for digging holes 
for tree planting, and am well pleased 
with the results. Last Spring I was plant¬ 
ing several hundred peach trees in a 
piece of well-prepared ground, but in a 
number of placese where the trees should 
go either was rock or large stones, too 
large and heavy to be pried out, so it was 
blasted out. Besides removing the stone 
this made a hole partly filled with loose 
earth, and enough was shoveled out so the 
tree could be planted and filled in with 
surface soil. Where this was done, the 
trees were much larger and better colored ; 
this was especially noticeable along where 
an old stone wall had been, for the ground 
was very hard and only about half plowed, 
but wherever a rock had been blasted out, 
the trees were more than twice as large 
as where the holes had been dug in the 
regular way by plowing and removing the 
loose earth with a shovel. This season 
was especially trying on young trees, for 
there was very little rain during the hot 
Summer months, and yet those that had 
been planted after blasting a place for 
them were as large as those in the field 
that had been regularly worked, for they 
were among corn as is the general prac¬ 
tice in this section. I think this is a 
good proof that it pays to use an ex¬ 
plosive wherever we can, but thoroughly 
plow the land before planting our trees, 
and afterwards keep working it the first 
season, for the second season the land is 
in better shape to work and the trees have 
got u good start. A. E. B. 
Dynamite for Ditching. 
I note on page 4 an inquiry regarding 
the use of dynamite in ditch digging. Last 
May several “demonstrations” of the use 
of dynamite on the farm in blasting rocks, 
stumps, holes for setting trees and ditch 
digging were made at different places in 
this State, and one of them was on land of 
which I had charge. For ditching the 
demonstrator used 60 per cent dynamite. 
Water was standing at the surface of the 
ground when the demonstration was made. 
The soil was a hardpan with some humus 
on top, and full of stones, including some 
large enough to be called rocks. Holes 
were punched with iron bars in the line of 
the ditch 18 inches apart and two feet 
deep, and large enough to take in a stick 
(half pound), of dynamite, which the dem¬ 
onstrator carefully pushed to the bottom 
of the hole with a broom handle cut off 
square at the end. The middle hole of the 
line was left until the last, and in that 
two sticks of dynamite were placed, and in 
one of them was placed a cap and fuse. 
When this was lighted the concussion ex¬ 
ploded all the dynamite in the line of 
holes, and threw out a mass of stones and 
earth high into the air, leaving an opening 
in the soil about four feet wide, 2 y 2 feet 
deep and the length of the line of holes, in 
this instance about 25 feet. Of course in 
this case the holes filled with water as 
soon as punched, which is no disadvantage 
in this work if care is taken that the 
dynamite does not get chilled by remaining 
too long in too cold water before firing; GO 
per cent dynamite chills much quicker and 
at a higher temperature (40 degrees or 
more), than the 40 per cent which is used 
for rock blasting. When chilled it does not 
explode readily, especially by concussion. 
This method is all right when an “open 
ditch” is desired, as the material thrown 
out is spread over the adjoining land, but 
if a drain is to be laid and the ditch again 
filled the absence of earth for filling would 
be a decided disadvantage. 
Massachusetts. chas. 0. flagg. 
Obituary.— Thomas Volney Munson, the 
horticulturist, died at his home at Denison, 
Texas, January 21. He was born in Illi¬ 
nois in 1843, spending his early life on a 
farm. After his graduation from the Ken¬ 
tucky State University Mr. Munson located 
at Lincoln. Neb., where he started a nur¬ 
sery in 1874, but moved later to Denison, 
Tex., where he built up a large nursery 
business, and carried on extensive vineyard 
work. His experimental work in produc¬ 
ing new grapes made him widely known, 
and he has also been a prolific writer on 
his chosen subjects. From the French Gov¬ 
ernment in 1888 he received a diploma, and 
the decoration of the “Legion of Honor” 
with the title of “Chevalier du Merit Agri¬ 
cole,” for the aid he had rendered France 
in viticultural matters. He was elected 
to membership in the National Agricultural 
Association of France in 1898. He was 
also a member of the American Aeademp 
of Political and Social Science, vice-pres¬ 
ident of the American Pomological Society ; 
member of American Breeders' Association ; 
member of the Association for the Advance¬ 
ment of Horticultural Science, of which he 
was also vice-president; and member of 
the Texas Horticultural Association. In 
1903-04 he was a member of the Texas 
world's fair committee and chairman of 
the executive committee of Texas Indus¬ 
trial institutes. He was also a member of 1 
the jury on awards at the St. Ixniis Ex- I 
position in 1904, and honorary member of 
the American Wine Growers’ Association. 
He is survived by a widow and seven child¬ 
ren. 
When you write advertisers mention The 
R. N.-Y. and you’ll get a quick reply and a 
“square deal.” See guarantee editorial page. 
A DIFFERENCE 
It Paid Tbis Man to Change Food. 
“What is called ‘good living’ eventu¬ 
ally brought me to a condition quite the 
reverse of good health,” writes a New 
York merchant. 
“Improper eating told on me till my ; 
stomach became so weak that food nau¬ 
seated me, even the lightest and sim¬ 
plest lunch, and I was much depressed 
after a night of uneasy slumber, unfit¬ 
ting me for business. 
“This condition was discouraging, as 
I could find no way to improve it. Then 
I saw the advertisement of Grape-Nuts 
food and decided to try it, and became 
delighted with the result. 
“For the past three years I have used 
Grape-Nuts and nothing else for my 
breakfast and for lunch before retiring. 
It speedily set my stomach right and i 
congratulate myself that I "have re¬ 
gained my health. There is no greater 
comfort for a tired man than a lunch 
of Grape-Nuts. It insures restful sleep 
and an awakening in the morning with ! 
a feeling of buoyant courage and hope¬ 
fulness. 
“Grape-Nuts has been a boon to my 
whole family. It has made of our two- 
year-old boy, who used to be unable to 
digest much of anything, a robust, 
healthy, little rascal weighing 32 pounds. 
Mankind certainly owes a debt of grati¬ 
tude to the expert who invented this 
perfect food.” Name given by Postum 
Co., Battle Creek, Mich. “There’s a 
reason.” 
Ever read the above letter ? A new one 
appears from time to time. They are genu¬ 
ine, true, and full of human interest. 
Connecticut Grown Trees 
Now is the time to place your order for Spring 
delivery. We have a full line of all kind of Fruit 
trees. Apples, Pears, Peach, Cherry, Plum and 
Quince, as well as all the Ornamental trees. Shrub- 
berry, Berry and Hedge plants. Onr trees are Con¬ 
necticut grown, and you buy direct from the Nur¬ 
sery. No middle man. Guaranteed to be free from 
all scale or disease. Write for our Catalogue and 
Information Boob, gives full instructions as to the 
care of trees from the time you receive them. 
Address The STEPHEN HOYT’S SONS CO., New Canaan, Conn. 
FRUIT TREES 
propagatedl 
from vigor¬ 
ous individuals of known 
bearing characters are the 
Key {©Success 
file for CftUIof ofl 
Nur*«ry »tock crown j 
by practical orchard- 1 
lit. Many law Idaaa. Quality first 
consideration; prieoa right. SAMUEL 
FRASER, 120 Main St., tt.n.ie., N.T. 
BLACK’S QUALITY” 
FRUIT TREES 
NONE BETTER 
None Give Better Returns when They Fruit 
Buy Direct From the Nursery 
and save agent’s discounts and middleman’s 
profits. When you buy our trees you get a 
Dollar’s Worth of Trees 
for every one hundred cents you remit to us. 
PEACH and APPLE TREES 
a specialty. CATALOGUE FREE 
JOS. H. BLACK, SON & CO. 
H1GHTSTOWN. N. J. 
TWO MILLION 
Strawberry Plants 
H ealthy, vigorous, strong root¬ 
ed, and true to name. Grown 
in the warm sandy soil of .Mary¬ 
land’s famous “ Eastern Sh’o,” the 
small fibre roots all come up and they 
start well in their new home. You will 
want that kind for this Spring’s planting. 
All kinds «f SMALL FRUIT PLANTS 
PEACH AND APPLE TREES 
Grown right; packed right ; and priced 
right. .Catalogue Free. Box 30 
J. W. Jones & Son, Allen, Maryland 
Gua rantee d Stu rdy 
and True to Name 
It moans real money to you to buy Fruit Trees 
.vitli the oonildence that you are getting varieties 
true to name, sturdy stock of perfect grades, all 
free from disease. Think it over. 
We have over 100 acres of the finest blocks of 
Apple, Pear. Peach, Plum. Cherry and Quince 
Trees in all the leading varieties. 
We have the endorsement of our fellow towns¬ 
men, which is the best recommendation any firm 
can have. 
You can order onr quality trees from our Catalog 
just as if you were giving us your order personally. 
It will receive the best possible attention. 
WRITE FOR OUR CATALOG NOW 
NURSERIES 
Oansvilla.'N. Y. 
You’ll Never Regret Planting Kelly Trees 
KELLY BROS. 
32 Main Street 
P 
EACH & APPLE 
TREES 2c & up 
Penr, Clierry; Strawberry, etc.—Cutnloir Free 
TENN. NURSERY CO., Box 141, Cleveland, Tenn. 
Write 
for Catalog of wgp 
Guaranteed Fruit Trees HH 
Guaranteed true to name—well rooted and 
hardy—free from disease —one-half tree 
agents* prices. WE TAKE ALL RISK 111 
SHIPPING, and guarantee arrival in good 
condition. Not a dissatisfied customer last 
year. Freight paid on orders of $7.80 and 
over. All varieties, fresh dug from the 
soil. Rapid growers. 
WRITE TO-DAY for handsome, illus¬ 
trated catalog. Fullof expert advice.^ 
WM. P. RUPERT & SON, 
Box 20, 
Seneca. N. ¥. 
SS GRAPE VINES 
69 Varieties. Also Small Fruits, Trees, eto. Best Rooted 
otock. Genuine, cheap. 2 sample vines mailed for 10c. Desc. 
price-list freo. LEWIS ROESCli Sc SON, Box K* Fredonia, N. Y. 
TREES 
CATALOGUE FP.SE. 
—150 ACRES. Geneset 
Valley grown. “ Not th« 
cheapest, but the best.’. 
No San Jose Seale' 
Established 1869. 
Geo. A. Sweet Nursery Co., 
20 Maple Street. Dansville, N. Y. 
10 FRUIT TREES 
Worth $1.50 for 95 cents 
1 Seckel Pear 1 Bing Cherry 1 McIntosh Apple 
1 Bartlett Pear 1 Montmorency 1 Delicious Apple 
1 Niagara Peach 1 Abundance Plum 1 Orange Quince 
1 Seine Claude Plum 
All trees first class, 2 yr., 4 to 5 ft. high, for 95 cents. 
Write for free illustrated catalogue and send list of 
your wants for special prices, freight paid. 
F.W. Wells’ Wholesale Nurseries, Box 1, Dansville, N. Y. 
1878 Grown Right .Handled Right 1913 
Cherries 4c Plums 5c Apples 8c 
Write at once for our FK£E bulletin, a gold 
mine of information about buying, 
planting and growing trees. 
KING BKOS. NURSERIES 
8 Oak St,, Dansville, N. Y* 
“It’s Cheapest to Buy the Best” 
A 
PPLE, PEACH, CHERRY 
and other FRUIT TREES 
Small Fruit Plants, Shrubs, Ornamental Trees 
and Roses. Hardy, vigorous trees from the 
famous Lake Shore region of Northern Ohio. 
Send for Catalogue. Address 
T. B. WEST 
MAPLE BEND NURSERY, Loch Box 138, PERRY, OHIO 
BARGAINS IN NURSERY STOCK 
We Pay the Freioht and Guarantee Satisfaction, Vari¬ 
eties True—No Disease—Your Money Back if not Pleased 
Lot No, 1—100 Elberta Peach, 2 to 3 ft., $5.00 
For other bargains, write at once for 
our new list of full assortment of high- 
grade Nursery Stock, direct to planters. 
J. BAGBY & SONS COMPANY 
Dept. D NEW HAVEN, MO. 
grown by men of experience in the greatest 
tree growing center of theTJ. S. Wo ship 
only quality trees and burn those we be¬ 
lieve will not please our customers. We do 
not grow the quantity of trees that some 
nurserymen do, but we do maintain quality 
and have built our reputation by so doing. 
For 48 year* these nurserias have been 
known for reliability. We’d rather not 
sell a planter if we can’t please him. 
We guarantee our trees true to name and 
free from scale, and mill refund t3 to $> in¬ 
vested in every case where found otherwise. 
Write 
selected stock 
Special allowance on large orders 
before March 1st 
J. B. MOREY NURSERIES 
32 State Street Dansville. N. V. 
FRUIT 
TREES 
SEND FOR OUR FREE CATALOG AT ONCE 
If you are going to do any planting this season. We sell direct 
from our nursery to you — no agents. All stock northern grown, 
fresh dug, true to name, and free from scale.. Send for Catalog to-day. 
L. W. HALL &. CO.. 724 Culler Budding, ROCHESTER. N. Y.. Established 1S79 
Freight 
Pa \d 
1847 
FRUIT TREES 
1913 
In the end Wiley’s Better Trees cost less. Our Free catalog shows why successful Fruit Growers 
plant our trees, and who many of them are. Our family of Rural New-Yorker patrons know we are 
found on this page annually. The Best are none too good for you who have not yet tried our trees, 
S UGGESTIONS 0 ' 1 choice of varieties for various localities, after care, etc., in 
booklet form issued separate from catalog, sent free on reQuest. 
wJchmiiU’IrTesbear GET °ur CATALOG now H. S. Wiley & Son, 27 Beach St., Cayuga, N. Y. 
APPLE TREES 
AT Vz PRICE 
GREEN’S TREES 
Apple trees are easy to grow, thrive almost anywhere and yield big profits. 
We have 160,000 fine specimens to sell at half agent’s prices! Peach, pear, 
plum, quince and cherry trees. Good bearers. Finest grown—result of 
34 years scientific grafting. Hardy and free from scale. Northern grown. 
Read Green’s guarantee—trees true to name. 
500,000 
FOR SALE 
Green has no solicitors or agents. You order direct through the catalog and buy at 
wholesale prices. You get the middleman’s profits. That’s why we can sell at such 
low prices. Green’s 1913 Catalog FREE 
Green’s new catalog Illustrates and describes best varieties of trees, vines and plants, 
gives tested advice, and tells how to plant and grow. A book every farmer should have. 
Send now and we will give you one of our interesting booklets,'‘How I Made the Old 
Farm Pay, ” or “Thirty Years with Fruits and Flowers.” State which you want. 
GREEN’S NURSERY CO.. 22 Wall St.. Rochester. N. Y. 
