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THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
GOOD HOMEMADE BROODER. 
Some time last February, 1912, you 
printed a cut and description of a home¬ 
made brooder for chickens. Please reprint 
this matter for the benefit of new and a 
lot of old readers who can use it this sea¬ 
son. I was told by one man that I in¬ 
duced to subscribe for The It. N.-Y. that 
this alone was worth a year’s subscription 
and this after he had three of them made 
and in use long enough to demonstrate their 
being better than brooders he paid high 
prices for. G. k. k. 
Puyallup, Wash. 
This refers to a brooder described by 
Mr. Don. E. Smith. The matter is re¬ 
printed below: 
The brooders are designed for colony 
coops, etc., indoor brooders. They are 
30x36 inside measure, and 10 inches 
deep. In the bottom is a round hole live 
inches in diameter, four inches from 
one side and 12 inches from one end 
of brooder. In this hole is fitted a piece 
of five-inch stovepipe, extending up¬ 
ward from floor of brooder about seven 
inches. This brooder rests on a frame 
one foot high of the same floor size 
as brooder. One side of this frame is 
removable to give opportunity to attend 
to the lamp, which rests on floor un¬ 
der brooder. Drawing shows brooder 
and stand minus hover; also will ex¬ 
plain the hover, which is a drum shaped 
like a covered dripping pan and fas¬ 
tened in a box on the under side of a 
board 12x30 inches. This board has a 
rim of half-inch stuff 1(4 inches wide 
nailed to under side, so as to form a 
box 28x11 inches outside. This is well 
lined with asbestos, and the drum (out¬ 
lined by dotted lines) just fits up into 
of hair enables them to stand almost 
any kind of weather in comparative; 
comfort; in fact they prefer to stay out 
in the open in all but the severest 
storms, unless they have been spoiled 
as house pets, and this makes them 
good guardians, as they are always “on 
the job.” 
As the hunting dog has the hunting 
instinct, so the collie has the stock driv¬ 
ing and minding instinct, and therefore 
they are easier to train for this purpose 
than other kinds of dogs. First thing 
with a puppy we must teach him to 
mind, not all in one day, but work at 
him a little each day. Teach him to 
come when called, to follow you when 
told to do so, to run ahead on a given 
signal. Having accomplished this much 
you have gotten over the worst part. 
In the mean time you will find that 
your pupp 3 r will want to run after about 
everything he sees, especially in live 
stock; this is his inherent instinct as¬ 
serting itself. Your duty is to show 
him how to use this instinct. Possibly 
a flock of ducks is as good as anything 
to start with; they will drive quite 
readily. Have them in a yard. When 
you first go in with the dog he will 
probably start “full tilt” after the 
ducks; call him back, then tell him to 
run on, and as soon as he comes up to 
the ducks call him back again, then 
send him in again. A few repetitions 
of this and he will get the idea that it 
is easier to keep after the ducks, but 
not to go too close. He will soon 
catch onto the idea, providing you have 
him so he will mind easily, although he 
GOOD HOMEMADE BROODER. 
this box. The course of lamp fumes 
(shown by arrows) is impeded by the 
diaphragm D, so that heat must hug the 
bottom sheet next to chicks and pass 
around left end of D before leaving by 
the l)4-inch exit pipe. The sides of the 
shallow box are hung with sheets of 
oilcloth dropping nearly to floor of 
brooder, and slitted to allow chicks to 
pass in and out. 
When the hover is in place the four- 
inch heat pipe rests in the middle of the 
five-inch pipe in floor of brooder. This 
leaves a half-inch space between the 
two pipes for the passage of fresh, 
warm air into the chamber under hover. 
The five-inch pipe should, of course, 
lack one-half inch of touching bottom 
of heat drum. The space under brooder 
floor should be well ventilated in such 
a manner that lamp will not be blown 
out. Then so long as the lamp is burn¬ 
ing there is forced ventilation of warm 
fresh air under hover. Chicks cannot 
smother, and it helps distribute the heat 
evenly. The diagram explains how: 
H, heat drum; E, exhaust pipe; CC, 
cleats to support hover; T, heat tube 
(four inches); V, tube from floor of 
brooder; F, floor of brooder. When 
hover is in place there is a space six 
inches wide back of it, and one 18 
inches wide in front. These spaces are 
covered with frames of light stuff to 
which burlap is tacked. This makes a 
well-ventilated brooder, and chicks will 
not crowd if a good No. 2 burner is 
turned to a good clear flame. This, if 
construction is well done. At first chicks 
are raised somewhat by means of 
deep chaff under hover, but always 
make sure they can poke out into the 
cool air outside at any time. 
will put too much enthusiasm into his 
work for best results, wanting to drive 
too fast. Each time he does this call 
him back a little, then set him on again, 
talking to him all the time, trying to 
quiet him. Don’t give him too much 
work at once; have him eager for it 
all the time. Take several days at it. 
The next thing have him drive the 
ducks in a corner, then call him back, 
then set him on. but as soon as the 
ducks start to come out, call him back, 
you walking over to point ducks start 
to come out. After a while the dog 
will learn that you wish him to keep 
the ducks in the corner. It is best to 
train him quite thoroughly on the ducks 
before attempting anything larger. 
Always teach him to stay behind tbe 
flock, calling him back sharply when 
he starts to rush in or ahead Always 
use the same words and signals when 
setting him to any certain thing. After 
this it will be comparatively easy to 
learn him on sheep and cattle, but care 
should be taken that there is no very 
vicious beast in the drove, or that the 
dog does not run in or ahead and run 
a chance of getting hurt. 
J. E. WILMARTH. 
THE COLLIE AS A FARMER’S DOG. 
The collie with proper handling, 
makes an almost ideal farmer’s dog. 
They are one of the most intelligent 
breeds of dogs, and this very fact. is 
apt to prove their undoing when im¬ 
properly handled. An intelligent animal 
always "has a highly developed nervous 
system, and the collie is no exception 
to this rule. A good scare or severe 
whipping will often frighten them so 
that they will never amount to much, 
as they are naturally inclined to be 
timid. "They will do what they consider 
their duty with rare moral courage but 
seldom do they show real physical 
courage. This very fact makes them 
ideal watch dogs. Their intelligence 
enable them to distinguish a stranger 
quickly, and they will raise an alarm, 
but will make no direct attack, will 
keep out of the reach of any club or 
direct blow, short of a firearm, but con¬ 
tinue their racket until some one comes 
to their assistance. Their heavy coat 
<Clie 
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