28 « 
March l, 
less than 8,000 or 10,000. With such 
quantities, paper pots, berry boxes, 
flats, etc., would be out of the question. 
However, a method has been evolved 
here that I think is far ahead of pots 
and boxes as to ease and quickness with 
which plants can be handled, and I 
know it is far less expensive. We start 
with the cold frame. The frame itself 
is made as are frames everywhere, only 
of sufficient width to accommodate our 
large 354x7 foot sash. In the frame we 
place two to three inches of fine stable 
manure, and above it about two inches 
of rich soil. The soil should be suf¬ 
ficiently damp so that it will not run 
together when a hole is made in it. To¬ 
mato plants, when transferred from the 
seed house, are set in this from A l / 2 to 
five inches apart each way. We set 
ours A l / 2 inches. Eggplants are set 
five inches each way. As an aid to set¬ 
ting the plants a “spotting” or trans¬ 
planting board is used. This has three 
or four rows of pegs about four inches 
THE RURAb NEW-fOHKER 
pay for the work; I would not hire 
others to do such work who would not 
do likewise, provided the trees had not 
been allowed to dry out too much, as 
all such injured trees should have all 
bare wood covered with thick paint, 
grafting wax or banked with moist dirt, 
as soon after the injury as possible, for 
best results. Many young trees might 
be saved, others partly girdled by mice 
or other causes could be greatly helped 
in their growth, by a few well-placed 
bridge grafts, and the orchard improved 
both in looks and value in dollars. I 
see little excuse for the up-to-date or- 
chardist, for bridge-grafting, like much 
horticultural work, is easily learned by 
one who has a knack and love for such 
work. As bridge-grafting is quite dif¬ 
ferent in its object and methods from 
other grafting, scions may be of older 
wood without a bud upon them, and 
used from two inches or less to two 
feet or more in length as the work de¬ 
mands. The scions should be cut early 
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O. A. D. BALDWIN, • R. R. 15 Bridgman, Mich. 
long spaced at the proper distance, and and kept dormant as for other grafting. 
is long enough to reach across the cold 
frame bed which usually means about 
6)4 feet. When transplanting men sit 
on the “spotting” board and set plants 
in the holes made by it at the last shift¬ 
ing and so on down the frame. Their 
weight forces the pegs in the soil and 
makes a small individual opening for 
each plant. 
Blocking the Plants. —About the 
middle of April the plants are blocked; 
that is, the soil and manure is cut from 
above midway between the rows of 
plants both ways of the bed, with a 
large sharp hilling hoe that has been 
straightened at the shank so that the 
blade is on a line with the handle. This 
blocking leaves each individual plant in 
a cube of soil and manure varying from 
four to five inches square and five inches 
deep. Two live men can easily block 
15,000 plants a day and shift their own 
sash. The night before plants are set 
in the field they are given a thorough 
watering. This settles the soil and 
manure and the next day the plants 
can be lifted from the cold frame on a 
fork, six at a time, placed in a cart, 
taken to the field and placed in their 
proper places in the row with but very 
little damage to the block of soil and 
manure encasing the roots of each plant. 
Plants standing in such a large block of 
soil and manure wilt but little on being 
taken to the field, and if a rain comes 
soon after they are set they continue 
to grow as though never disturbed, and 
that is just the way we like to see them 
do, for with other conditions equal the 
plants that get the early start will come 
along with ripe fruit at a time when it 
is bringing the top-notch prices. 
TRUCKER, JR. 
!2 Fruif Trees 
TREES 
tt 
A scion of from three-sixteenths to one- 
fourth inch in diameter is a very good 
size for average work, but smaller or 
larger scions may be used as the case 
demands. As the object of such graft¬ 
ing is to bridge over a dead spot or 
where the bark has been removed from 
some cause, both ends of scion must ] catalogue free. 
connect with live bark and grow to be 
of any value, and that the scion may 
unite with the stock the bark should 
slip easily as in budding. 
The tools needed for such work are 
a sharp knife, a hammer and tacks; I 
also use a home-made puncher which is 
used where the bark does not start 
easily, or where fresh-cut scions on 
which the bark starts easily are used, 
as I often set scions up to about July 
1, if I find a bad spot injured by borers 
when looking after those pests. To pre¬ 
pare a scion for setting cut a long 
slanting cut so as to cut off end of 
scion, then on opposite side make a 
short cut of about the same bevel, cut¬ 
ting off end of scion. The scion should 
not be cut wedge-shaped, but with the 
cut much longer on the side which fits 
against the tree to be grafted. Both 
ends of scion are cut in the same man¬ 
ner after getting the right length, yet 
personally I often cut the upper end 
after the scion has been inserted at base 
of tree. This should be done first, and 
a square cut through the bark where the 
scion is to go is first made near the 
edge of live bark. Remove any bark 
above this cut where scion is to go, 
First-clas. .took, * year. old,4to5feet high, 
fresh dug: 1 Baldwin, 1 Delicious, 1 Transcendent 
Crab; I Bartlett, 1 Flemish Beauty, 1 Duchess 
Pear; I Montmorency, 1 Early Richmond, 1 Tar¬ 
tarian Cherry; 1 Burbank, 1 Lombard Plum; 1 
German Prune—all for 94 cents. Regular price, 
$2.45. Write for Free Catalogue of other offers. 
L. W. HALL & CO Established 1879. 
638 Cutler Bldg., Rochester, N. Y. • 
—150 ACRES. Genesee 
Vnlley grown. “ Not the 
cheapest, but the best.’. 
No San Jose Scale’ 
Established 1869. 
Geo. A. Sweet N ursery Co 
20 Maple Street, Dansviile, N. Y 
PPL E, PEACH, CHERRY 
and other FRUIT TREES 
Small Prnit Plants, Shrnhs, Ornamental Trees 
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Send for Catalogue. Address 
T. B. WEST 
MAPLE BEND NURSERY, Lock Bax 138, PERRY, 0NU) 
BLACK’S QUALITY 
»» 
FRUIT TREES 
NONE BETTER 
None Give Better Returns when They Fruit 
Send for our list that we can ship by 
Parcel Post 
which delivers to your door. 
PEACH and APPLE TREES 
a specialty. CATALOGUE FREE 
JOS. H. BLACK, SON & CO. 
HIGHTSTOWN. N. J. 
IF YOU WISH 
Fruit, Shade, or Ornamental Trees; 
Hand, or Power Spray Pumps; Spray¬ 
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How, When and Where to Spray; Gas¬ 
oline Engines of any size ; write Call’s 
Nurseries, Perry, Ohio, for Special Price 
FRUIT TREES KT'Sr 1 
lec ted 
then start bark with point of knife or bearing trees of known quality, 
_ sold at wh olesale by 
puncher, push down scion as far as cut 
extends on scion, or a little farther, then 
drive one or more tacks through the 
bark near the scion to keep scion firm 
and bark close to wood. To set top 
end place scion where it should remain, 
make a straight cut in bark on right of 
scion as far as scion extends, if scion 
BRIDGE-GRAFTING. 
I was greatly surprised a year or two 
ago to hear a well-known apple grower is short, or too large to spring in place, 
and institute speaker at a public meet- bor ^ on S er scions a less cut will do, and 
ing he was addressing tell how sorry 
Fra serflie Raiser 
a practical orch.nl la t. Writ* for 
catalog of trua-to-name *oo,l bear¬ 
er*. Nothing but the beat atock 
or aale. I'rtcee right. SAMI' EL 
ERASER. 11 6 Mala St., (leuceo, If,Y. 
Roses, Plants, Seeds, 
I Bulbs,VineB, 
' Shrubs, etc. 
by mail, post 
paid. Safe nr 
rival and satis 
faction guaran 
teed. 59 years 
of fair dealing. 
Hundredsof 
carloads of 
Fruit and 
Ornamental 
Trees. 1,200 
acres, CO in hardy roses—none better grown. 47 
greenhouses of Palms, Perns, Begonias, Gera¬ 
niums, etc. Immense stock of Superb Cannas, 
the queen of bedding plants. Large assortment 
of hardy Perennial Plants, which last for years. 
168-Page Catalog FREE . Send for It Today. 
The Storrs & Harrison Co., Box57Painesville, Ohio 
WRITE for a copy of our Sev¬ 
enty-third Annual Catalogue of 
the Most Complete Nursery Stock in 
America. Strong, well developed 
trees and plants, free from 
defects and parasites. A 
square deal to every 
buyer. SAVE 
AGENT'S 
PROFITS. 
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Catalogue 
sS 
Book on Grape Culture 
Instructions for planting, cultivating 
and pruning; also descriptions of best 
varieties for vineyard or home garden. Profusely illua 
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small fruits in the country. Millions of vines for sale 
T. S. HUBBARD CO., Box 34, Frodonla, N. Y. 
TREE CatalosFREE 
Lowest prices on 600,000 Quality Kruit Trees. I 
Varieties carefully selected. Personal attention I 
given to orders. Guaranteed for quality, variety, k 
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I tlon of comploto lino of fruit and or- 
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| and SAVE IIAI.K AGENT'S PRICES. 
DENTON, WILLIAMS A DENTON 
*3 Elm St., DansvlIH, N. Y. JYi 
P EACH & APPLE 
TREES 2c & up 
Pear, Cherry ; Strawberry, etc_Catalog Free 
TENN. NURSERY CO., Box 141, Cleveland, Tenn. 
he was to lose some thrifty young apple 
trees. They were in a seven or eight 
years old orchard that had been girdled 
by mice. In answer to the question 
“Why not save them by bridge-graft- 
can be sprung in place a little. Slip 
scion to right and lift bark on side of 
cut where scion was, and slide scion 
under the bark sideways. Then drive 
one or more tacks through the bark that 
has been loosened near the scion. None 
should be used on other side unless bark 
is loosened by setting another scion 
ing?” he answered, “Bridge-grafting is The tacks should not be driven through 
a very uncertain operation, and I would 
prefer to pull them up immediately 
rather than run the risk of losing a 
year’s time in trying to save them by 
bridge-grafting.” Yet he had just said 
he was more sorry because of the in- 
the scions, but so as to bring the bark 
close to scion and stock. Then set as 
many scions as space will permit, but 
not close enough so as to loosen all the 
bark. When scions are set use graft¬ 
ing wax to keep out air and water at 
both ends of scion. Cover with burlap, 
• .. , , r , . , , . or where near the ground fresh moist 
jury to the looks of his orchard than earth, until scions have begun to grow. 
the money value of the trees, which If the job is well done the scions will 
were worth quite a few dollars apiece. firmly to the stock to be grafted 
To him such trees were not worth sav- j P ° n by the bark, which has been tacked 
• i . v re down, and it is better not to nut two 
in T and we meet others of that same tacks opposite each other beside the 
opinion. scion, viz., on both sides of scion. In 
Yet I have had no trouble in saving choosing scions use those from thrifty, 
such trees with very little if any loss ! iar , c ! y tre ^ s > as they are much superior 
• j T , J to those from a weak grower or liahle 
in growth, and were I to do such work to injury from freezing. 
would guarantee to save the tree or no ’ H . o. mead. 
How to Grow Fruit FREE 
Write today for our book-more than a catalogue. Tells what to plant in your 
locality. How to plant, how to trim, spraying 1 , as well as giving you the choicest 
varieties of apples, peaches, cherries and other fruit—all “Wood y Quality’' stock. 
o C h 0 ^!n? U ivfl U ! h v f , a Kf n fe r )r ‘ceS; We sell direct only. We will send this book 
absolutely free. Not the biggest book, but one you can depend 
on. Don t fail to write for a copy. Return mail brings it 
WOODLAWN NURSERIES, Allen L. Wood, 594 Culver Road, Rochester, N.Y. 
1847 
FRUIT TREES 
1913 
In the end Wiley's Better Trees eost less. Our Free catalog shows why successful Fruit Growers 
plant our trees, and who many of them are. Our family of Rural New-Yorker patrons know we are 
found on tnif page annually. The Best are non© too good for you who have not yet tried our trees. 
S U Cl Gl E ST I ONS ? n ^oice of varieties for various localities, after care, etc., in 
booklet form issued separate from catalog, sent free on request 
watch w'iiey s^trtesbear set our catalog »o*f H. S. Wiley & Son, 27 Beach St., Cayuga, N. Y. 
RHODES DOUBLE CUT 
”pHE only 
RHODES MFC. CO., 
529 S. DIVISION AVE , GRAND RAPIDS, fllCH. 
pruner 
made that cuts 
from both sides of 
the limb and does not 
bruise the bark. Made in 
all ttyles and sizes. We 
pay Express charges 
on all orders. 
Write for 
circular and 
prices. 
