328 
Helping Out the Hay Crop. 
I find that I shall be short on hay for 
1913 crop. Would oats and barley cure 
well and make a good hay? How would 
Summer vetch or Canada peas do? Which 
would be the better? I have a poor field 
that I would like to improve, but should 
get something from it in 1913. I thought 
of sowing in cow peas rape or Spring vetch, 
plow down and sow for a crop of buck¬ 
wheat, then prepare it for seeding and 
lime it. Would this work out well? 
Pennsylvania. B. g. h. 
In your case we should sow oats a^d 
Canada field peas together as soon as 
the soil can be worked properly. Broad¬ 
cast five pecks of Canada peas per acre 
right on the ground. Plow them under 
with a small plow or chop under with a 
disk. The plan is to cover them four 
or five inches deep. Then sow on top 
of the furrows three bushels of heavy 
growing oats, and harrow in. In many 
cases both peas and oats are put in with 
a grain drill—the oats one way and the 
peas the other. The soil should be in 
good condition, or well manured or 
fertilized. The oats hold up the pea 
vines so that the crop may be cut like 
hay. The time to cut is when the peas 
are begining to harden in the pods. It 
is a hard crop to cure properly, and 
should be handled much like clover hay 
—in the swath or cock. This makes a 
good fodder for all kinds of stock, and 
gets off the ground in time for buck¬ 
wheat or fodder corn. We should 
handle that from field in much the same 
way—sow oats and peas and use fertil¬ 
izer. Plow the crop under instead of 
cutting it, then sow buckwheat and plow 
that under with a good dressing of 
lime. 
STUB RURAfc NEW-YORKER 
Hen Manure for Gooseberries, Etc. 
J. A., New Jersey .—Will you please tell 
whether hen manure is a good fertilizer for 
gooseberries, currants and roses? If so, 
what time of year should it be applied and 
about how much to each plant, according 
to age and size? 
Ans. —Hen manure seems to be a 
perfectly balanced ration for goose¬ 
berries, currants and outdoor roses. 
Eight years ago when I took charge of 
the property where I now reside, I 
found about 40 gooseberry bushes, ap¬ 
parently about six years of age, grow¬ 
ing in the garden, planted in rows on 
each side of the principal walk. This 
plot of ground had been treated to 
heavy applications of stable manure an¬ 
nually, but in spite of this heavy ma¬ 
nuring the bushes were practically in 
a dying condition. Early in May the 
bushes stopped growth, leaves began 
turning yellow and dropping off. The 
only available fertilizer of any kind on 
the place was a few wheelbarrow loads 
of hen manure in the old henhouse. 
This we removed and applied to the 
gooseberry bushes, giving each bush 
two good shovelfuls, spreading o it 
in every direction from the body 
of the bush, to as far as the limbs 
covered the ground and spaded it in. 
The leaves kept steadily falling for 
about two weeks thereafter, and the 
bushes were almost bare of foliage at 
the end of that period, but there was 
every evidence the plants were becom¬ 
ing active. The leaves stopped falling 
and new growth and leaves pushed 
forth. When they got well under way, 
I never saw gooseberry bushes grow so 
fast; some of them pushed up new 
growth from the root three feet and 
over in height by Fall. The following 
Spring these bushes were all dug up 
and transplanted in a row along the 
board fence in another part of the gar¬ 
den. Each bush was again given about 
two shovelfuls of hen manure as a top¬ 
dressing. They bore a good crop of 
fruit that season and made a good growth 
of new wood. I found by experimenting 
that the best time to apply it is as 
early in Spring as it can possibly be 
done. Every Spring in March or early 
April these bushes get their two large 
shovelfuls of hen manure apiece. No 
other kind of fertilizer is ever applied. 
No thriftier bushes can be found any¬ 
where and such crops of berries, the 
bushes are literally covered with them 
every year. These bushes are now not 
less than 14 years old and look as 
though they are good for 14 years 
more if fed with hen manure as they 
have been the past eight years. 
The use of hen manure on currants 
is also good, but must not be used in 
such large quantities, as the large per¬ 
centage of ammonia it contains will 
cause the leaves to curl and take on a 
blistered appearance; one shovelful to a 
four or five-year old bush will be suf¬ 
ficient, and in addition to this it is 
well to apply a good commercial fertili¬ 
zer rich in potash and phosphoric acid. 
The quantity of hen manure applied to 
each bush will have to be governed by 
the age and size. When the soil has 
been well manured at time of planting, 
the application of hen manure will 
hardly be necessary or very beneficial 
until about the third year, when it may 
be used annually, in quantities of one 
shovelful and up, according to the size 
of the bush, until they attain the age of 
five or six years, when two large shovel¬ 
fuls to each currant bush may be ap¬ 
plied annually, early in Spring and 
spaded in as directed above. 
For outdoor roses of all kinds that 
are in a run-down condition there is 
nothing that will stimulate and put new 
life into them like hen manure. It 
should be applied early in the Spring 
and worked in the soil around the 
plants as with gooseberries and cur¬ 
rants. The size of the bush will have 
to govern the quantity used, ranging 
from a couple of handfuls to two 
or three large shovelfuls according to 
the size of the bush. The old climbers 
will stand the larger quantity scattered 
in a four or five-foot circle around 
them and spaded in as deeply as possi¬ 
ble ; in all cases the manure should be 
well mixed with the soil at time of 
spading. I have not used any other 
fertilizer on my outdoor roses for the 
past six years; the results have been 
most satisfactory, both in the growth 
of the plants and in the quantity and 
size of the blooms. In conclusion will 
say to all members of the Rural family, 
who have hen manure available, and 
have not given it a trial on their goose¬ 
berry, currant and rose bushes, to do 
so by all means this Spring. You will 
be more than pleased with the splendid 
results obtained therefrom. K. 
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