348 
1'HB RURAb NKW-YOKKKB 
GROWING PRIZE APPLES. 
The name of John IT. Barclay of 
New Jersey is a familiar one to people 
who attend eastern fruit shows. There 
will usually be found a collection of 
apples exhibited by Mr. Barclay, and 
these apples will stand at the head or 
within a fraction of a point of the top. 
Naturally there has been much interest 
in learning how Mr. Barclay grows such 
fruit. Last Spring, before the Red 
Bank Apple Club, Mr. Barclay gave 
away any secrets lie may have, and we 
give below the substance of his methods 
of production: 
Spraying. —In order to grow the apple 
to the highest state of perfection there are 
several things absolutely essential; the most 
important being thorough spraying. We 
have seen enough of the results of spray¬ 
ing to demonstrate this beyond the per- 
adventure of a doubt. What our eyes see 
we are forced to believe. The greatest 
secret of the spraying problem is to do the 
work thoroughly, to do it at the proper 
time, and with the materials that will give 
as the very best possible results. The time 
of spraying to control the scale is not so 
important. It can be done any time after 
the leaves drop in the Fall, until the buds 
begin to open in the Spring. Personally 
1 prefer to do it in the Spring, because I 
believe more benefit is derived from the 
fungicidal properties contained in the ma¬ 
terial if applied in the Spring than if 
applied in the Fall or early Winter. I 
cannpt emphasize too strongly the necessity 
of thoroughness in the application to be 
successful in exterminating the scale. Al¬ 
ways spray with the wind and from all 
four sides of large trees. In spraying to 
control the fungus diseases and Codling 
moth, my experience has been at least three 
and perhaps four thorough sprayings are 
necessary to get the very best results. I 
am of the opinion that an application should 
be made by all means just before the cluster 
buds open in the Spring. This will pre¬ 
vent the fungus and scab which are both, 
very objectionable on our fruit. At this 
time we can use the material stronger than 
required at the later sprayings, without 
danger of injury. The second spraying, 
when the petals fall, is without question the 
most important time to control the Codling 
moth and should not be omitted under any 
circumstances. The third spraying, usually 
made about two weeks later, I am inclined 
to think may be omitted without serious 
loss if we are not particularly anxious to 
grow prize-winning fruit. The last spray¬ 
ing should be made about July 1. This will 
catch the late brood of Codling moth. The 
great secret of thorough spraying is to 
apply it with a fine nozzle and just enough 
to cover the entire tree without dripping. 
I believe much injury is often caused by 
over-spraying, such as russeting the fruit 
and burning the foliage. Use a high pres¬ 
sure and move the spray-rod fast, is our 
motto in spraying. 
Ct'i/nvATioN. —In my opinion the next in 
importance to spraying is thorough culti¬ 
vation. I do not believe there is any sub¬ 
stitute for it. It should be practiced from 
early in the Spring until at least the first 
or middle of July, when some kind of a 
cover-crop should be sowed to turn under 
the following Spring. The plowing should 
be just as shallow as possible and imme¬ 
diately rolled down. This will hold the 
moisture. The ground should be harrowed 
at least once and perhaps twice a week 
until the middle of July. This will keep it 
In good condition and will very likely 
insure chances of getting a stand of Crim¬ 
son clover or some other cover-crop. Cul 
tivation not only increases the size of our 
fruit but it helps to stimulate the tree, and 
the apples will hang on much longer than 
in uncultivated orchards. I doubt If the 
apples in the cultivated orchards will get 
their color as early in the season, but if 
left on the trees a few days longer there 
will be no trouble about the color. .Should 
we plant a field of corn or potatoes and 
not cultivate it we surely would not ex¬ 
pect much of a crop; why then should 
we expect it from the orchard? 
Fertilization. —In order to grow apples 
of high quality it is only reasonable that 
some attention be given to fertilizing the 
trees. My experience in regard to this is, 
the more liberally we feed our orchards 
the better returns we receive. I think the 
fertilizer should be applied as soon as pos¬ 
sible after the plowing is done in the 
Spring; and on bearing trees it should be 
sown all over the ground instead of put¬ 
ting it right under the trees, as is very 
often done. Even on the young trees I 
believe in keeping the fertilizer well away 
from the trunk of the tree. This will na¬ 
turally draw the roots outward. It is very 
important that we use a fertilizer that will 
do the most good at the finish ; also one 
that will increase the color if possible, 
which invariably adds to the flavor. It is 
not only important that we feed our or¬ 
chards sufficiently to grow the present crop ; 
but enough to grow the fruit buds for the 
following year also. This will very often 
eliminate the alternate crops and will give 
us returns for our labor each year. I 
have used muriate of potash, bone meal, 
and acid phosphate mixed equal parts. This 
alternated occasionally with barnyard ma¬ 
nure and lime has given me very satisfac¬ 
tory results. 
Pruning. —Next in importance is prun¬ 
ing. In this work there are very many 
methods and personal theories. I believe 
many of our young apple trees are too 
severely pruned, which will greatly delay 
their coming into bearing. No one person 
can give a method of pruning that will 
prove entirely satisfactory under all con¬ 
ditions and with all varieties of apples. 
It seems to me this is a subject upon which 
a reasonable amount of common sense is 
very essential. Orchards on some soils, 
and especially those where thorough culti¬ 
vation is practiced, requires much more 
pruning than under other conditions. Many 
varieties require more pruning than others. 
On bearing trees there is absolutely noth¬ 
ing that will increase the color of the fruit 
equal to the sunshine, and surely there is 
nothing any cheaper; but it is to us to 
prune the tree in such a manner as to re¬ 
ceive the greatest possible benefit from it 
Personally I try to be very careful about 
removing the fruit spurs, or even breaking 
them oil when climbing about the tree, or 
when picking the fruit in the Fall. I would 
much rather have the fruit set well through 
the center of the trees than on the outside 
branches. The trees will carry a much 
heavier crop without breaking, and the 
fruit is not nearly as likely to be blown 
off by the severe winds we sometimes have. 
Where the branches are too thick, and 
where the limbs touch or cross, there should 
most assuredly some of them be taken out 
to allow a free circulation of air. I have 
seen trees that were pruned by theoretical 
men where at least one-half of the next 
year’s crop was sacrificed by cutting off 
the fruit spurs. In planting youg orchards 
very great care should be taken in pur¬ 
chasing the trees from reliable nurserymen. 
A few cents extra per tree may be consid¬ 
ered money well invested, to be reasonably 
certain our trees will prove true to name. 
When a tree is once bought it needs care¬ 
ful attention from the very start. Even the 
hole in which it is planted should be plenty 
large for the roots and filled with mellow 
soil instead of sods and rocks. Young 
trees need spraying and cultivating, as well 
as the older ones, to keep them in a per¬ 
fectly healthy condition. 
Spring Grass Seeding. 
I have about six acres now in grass 
which has about given out for hay. I wish 
to reseed same to Timothy or clover. I 
expect to put on about 80 tons of manure 
and plow it under in the Spring. I need 
considerable hay, so will have to seed oats 
to cut green for hay. I have never had 
very good success by seeding oats as hay 
at the same time, and can hardly make 
two seedings of it on account of the dry 
seasons we generally have up here. If I 
seed the oats and cut them when they be¬ 
gin to head out I get good hay, but then 
I would have to plow up the old sod again 
to put in my Timothy and clover about 
August. That is my busiest time with or¬ 
chards, lawns and gardens. If I seed the 
hay and oats at the same time, then cut 
the oats in the milk I am robbing the young 
grass plants of the protection from the sun 
which the oats gave them. We also have 
rather a dry spell which may burn out the 
plants. Can you or any of your readers 
give me an idea which would be the best 
way to proceed about this matter? 
Westchester Co., N. Y. t. w. w. 
Of course you cannot expect to get 
a good and permanent grass seeding in 
this way. You ought to kill out that old 
sod thoroughly before putting in new 
seed. The oat crop will not subdue this 
sod; and your new seeding will soon 
be full of weeds and old grass. Far 
better put corn on this sod and give 
thorough culture to kill out the grass. 
If this is impossible and you must seed 
with some Spring grain we should use 
beardless barley in place of the oats. 
We have found this grain excellent for 
the purpose, though it will not usually 
give as heavy a yield of hay as oats. 
We should use a light seeding of Cana¬ 
da field peas with the oats. This will 
give more and better grain hay. 
March 8, 
Wlh 
Fruit Trees 
On Short Notice. 
Our big, new packing build- 
Ing enable* us to fill orders — i 
l this Spring on short notice Wciuirar, ' 
1 tee prompt deli very. We aisoguamntee 
i that yon cannot get more healthy hardy 
1 or productive trees than wo send 
I Thirty years in business makes this 
i guarantee w orth something. 
qi " Mo ». ‘“Plant Troos and 
Plants " >s a book that will *nvo 
trees and dollar* for every fruit¬ 
ier Ws Riven with eveA 
T Ma,ch O’’ April. 
Write today for free Catalog 
land Special offer. 45 
BARNES BROS. NURSERY CO. 
I Box 8. Yxlexvilie, Conn 
KMT' 
Roots Fresh from the Soil 
Guaranteed true to name, and to reach 
you In perfect condition. Not a dissatis¬ 
fied customer iast year. One-half tree 
agent* price*. Freight paid on order* of I 
$7.00 and over. WRITE for catalogue 
Wm. P, Rupert & Sos. Box 20, State*. N. Y. 
BARGAINS IN NURSERY STOCK 
We Pay Ute Freight and Guarantee Satisfaction, Vari¬ 
eties True—No Disease—Your Money Bach if not Pleased 
Lot Ho, 1—100 Elberta Peach, 2 to 3 ft., $5.00 
For other bargains, writo at once for 
our new list of full assortment of high- 
grade Nursery Stock, direct to planters. 
J. BAGBY &, SONS COMPANY 
“XKW IIAVK.N, MO. 
MILLIONS of TREES 
PLANTS, VINES, ROSES, ETC. 
lu^®ntand most complete nursery in 
Miciiijjan. Send l’or catalog. Prices reasonable 
I- E. ILGENFRITZ’ SONS CO. 
THE MONJtOE NURSERY, Monkoe, Mich. 
l878Grown Right .Handled Right 1913 
FRUIT TREE BULLETIN 
| Given you the whole story of the nur¬ 
sery business in Western Now York, and 
you nil about buying, planting tod 
- , - * growing trees. Write for free copy today, 
£(' »mrusesn 
“It's Cheapest to Buy the Best” 
Planting even 
a few fruit trees increases by many 
times their cost the value of the property where 
they stand. W. C. Holt tried often to sell a place at 
Julian, Pa., for $ 500 . One fall he planted $5 worth of apple, 
peach, pear and cherry trees. Three years later a neighbor who 
had seen how well the trees were growing paid Mr. Holt I 960 for the 
place. That Is worth of trees made I 460 . For Is we will send you trees 
and plants for a quarter of an acre. These will give you your start in fruit 
growing, this Spring. That should be worth fifty times five dollars to you. Tim 
trees and plants will be as the best. They are of the varieties that produced two-thirds^, 
of the entile eastern fruit crop last fall—the standard sorts. We guarantee them absolutely. 
What theseTrees and Plants Will Do forYou 
These trees that you plant this spring should yield more than 100 bushels of fruit by 1923 —only ten 
years from now—and the yield should be greater each year after that. The strawberries will bear next 
summer —100 quarts is not too much to expect. The grapes and peaches in three years should yield a 
bushel of each. The pears and apples should yield well in 1918 ,—about two bushels of pears and ten 
bushels of apples. Yellow Transparent apples ripen in July, the other kinds keep all winter. 
Here Is the Quarter-Acre Collection: 
2 Yellow Transparent 
Apple 
3 Staymcn Apple 
21York Imperial Apple 
(Baldwin in the North) 
5 Moore's Early Grape 
5 Concord Grape 
25 Klondyke Strawberry 
25 Parsons Strawberry 
50 Gandy Strawberry 
2 Ray Peach 
2 Elberta Peach 
2 Belle of Georgia Peach 
2 Kieffer Pear 
2 Early Richmond Cherry 
FREE- A BOOK WORTH DOLLARS. With these trees and plants we will send you without 
charge our fifty-cent guidebook. "How to Grow and Market Fruit.” It will tell you all atxjut the 
pro|>er handling of your orchard, and really is worth $5 itself. Our special 1013 booklet, “The Trees 
That Grow The Fruit That Pays." is ready now. It names the varieties of fruit that pay best, and 
gives our latest prices. Free—send for it and wc will also mail you our complete illustrated catalogue. 
HARRISON’S NURSERIES, Trappe Avenue, Berlin, Md. 
Cometo Berlin. We’II pay your hotel bill here. Eastern Shore Farms for Sale. Write for particulars 
250,000 PEACH, PEAR, APPLE 
AND OTHER FRUIT TREES 
300.000 Blackberry, Strawberry and other small 
fruit plants, Shrubs, Roses and ornamontal trues. 
We can supply you with the best at reasonable 
prices. All Ohio Northern grown stock graded to a 
high standard. Once try us and you will always 
buy of us. 
CHAMPION NURSERIES 
H. J. Champion & Son, Props., Perry, O. 
Roses, Plants, Seeds, 
1 Ruths, Vines, 
Shrubs, etc., 
by mail, post¬ 
paid. Safo ar¬ 
rival and satis¬ 
faction guaran¬ 
teed. 59 years 
of fair dealing. 
Uumlredsoi 
carloads of 
Fruit and 
O r namentiil 
Trees. 1,200 
acres, GO in hardy roses—none better grown. 47 
groenhousesof Palms, Ferns, Rcgonias, Gera¬ 
niums, etc. Immense stock of Superb Cannas, 
the queen of bedding plants. Large assortment 
of hardy Perennial Plants, which last for years. 
lGS-Fage Catalog FREE. Send for it Today. 
The Storrs & Harrison Co., Box57Painesville, Ohio 
“BLACK’S QUALITY” 
FRUIT TREES 
NONE BETTER 
None Give Better Returns when They Fruit 
Send for our list that we can ship by 
Parcel Post 
which delivers to your door. 
PEACH and APPLE TREES 
a specialty. CATALOGUE FREE 
JOS. H. BLACK, SON & CO. 
HIGHTSTOWN, N. J. 
ARFFS 
FRUIT 
CATALOG 
Fully describes the products of our 
1100 acre nursery, fruit and sood 
farm. Over 25 years cxporionco in 
growing heaviest l>oaring strains of 
straw berrios, raspborrics,currants,gooBo- 
borrios, blackborrioa* dowborrics, grapes 
and all kinds of fruit trocs and ehrubs. 
/ Also sood potatoos, rhubarb* horseradish, 
u«par*fjufl, ©to. Bond namesniuladdreasciof 6fruit 
growers and got fin© currant bush free. Catalog free. 
W. N, HOARFF, Nen Farllsle, Ohio 
TREES 
—150 ACKIC8. Genesee 
Valley grown. “ Not tho 
cheapest, but the best.” 
No Sail Jose Seale. 
Established 1899. 
Goo, A. Sweet Nursery Co.. 
CATALOGUE fkee. 20 Maple Slreel, Dansville, N. Y 
Connecticut Grown Trees 
Now is the time to place your ordor for Spring 
delivory. Wo have a full line of all kind of Fruit 
troes. Apples, Pears, Peach, Cherry, Plum and 
Quince, ns well ns all the Ornamontal trees, Shrub- 
bony, Berry and Hedge plants. Our trees are Con¬ 
necticut grown, and you buy direct from tho Nur¬ 
sery. No middle man. Guaranteed to be free from 
all scale or disease. Write for our Catalogue and 
Information Boon, gives full instruction! as to the 
care of trees from the timo you receive them 
Address The STEPHEN HOYT’S SONS C0. t New Canaan, Conn. 
20 Elberta Peach Trees for $1.00 
By Parcel Post Prepaid, 
Pruned ready to plant, satisfaction guaranteed. Order 
at once and write for prices on full line of Nurserv Stock 
sold direct to planters at less than half the usual prices 
NEW HAVEN NURSERIES. Box 11, NEW HAVEN. MISS0UR. 
McIntosh apple, $12.00 per 100 
and all other varieties of Tf T^ f* C 
Apple, Pear, Plum, Cherry. I rV 
Peach, Berry Plants, etc. * 
Send for Free Catalogue today. 
L’Amoreaux Nursery Co., Seholmrio, N. Y. 
EACH & APPLE 
TREES 2c & up 
Rear, Cherry; Strawberry, etc—Catalog Free 
TENN. NURSERY CO., Box 141, Cleveland, Tenn. 
P 
NURSERY STOCK 
FRUIT and ORNAMENTALS 
Grown in the famous nursery and fruit belt on 
the shores of Lake Erie. 300 acres. Established 
31 years under same management. We solicit 
direct dealing witli the planter. Send for Prieo 
List now ready. 
W. B. COLE, Avenue Nurseries, PAINESVILLE, 0. 
PK TREES 
Best for Over 
I OP Years 
ncrationa of fruit tree growing experi- 
f c 
ence, boiled down, is ready for you absolutely free of charge. 
Don t experiment with fruit trees of unknown productiveness, uncurtain i 
Quality. Stark Trees always pay hi#. The secret is in Stork Brothers’ per¬ 
fect method of growing, transplanting, packing and shipping. 
50 Years Ahead of Any Other Nursery in America 
Why don’t you take advantage of our Special Service Depart- \ 
_ All Advice Free to You. Wo send you free the beat scicn- a 
tine methods of preparing your soil for biggest profits; show you 1 
now to prune your trees, give you best methods of Stark cultivation;! 
low to spray the Stark way. We make your orchard a winner and al 
ft m 0 r? y maker. Write us at once for Starii Year Book, compietol 
/fruit tree literature and statistics. Write today. r 
Stark Rrn 1 ^ WIJR M R,KS * ORCHAR,,HCO *i ». n. No. 45 , LOUISIANA, no, 
L 1 * *** '* U O A Record of One Hundred Honorable Successful Year* in Huatn <u 
160,000 at% pmc¥ s 
Apple trees are easy to grow, thrive almost anywhere and yield big profits. 
We have 160,000 fine specimens to sell at half agent’s prices! Peach, pear, 
plum, quince and cherry trees. Good bearers. Finest grown—result of 
34 years scientific grafting. Hardy and free from scale. Northern grown. 
Head Green’s guarantee—trees true to name. 
500.000 
FOK SALE 
Green lias no solicitors or agents. You order direct through the catalog and buy at 
wholesale prices. You get the middleman’s profits. That's why we can sell at such 
low prices. Green’s 1913 Catalog FREE 
Green’s new catalog illustrates and describes best varieties of trees, vines and plants. 
---a-a . ... . . 1 J J 
GREEN’S TREES 
GREEN’S NURSERY CO.. 72 Wall St. 
you 
Rochester, N. Y. 
