1913. 
THE RURAL? NEW-YORKER 
363 
A FARMER S FLOWER GARDEN. 
Part II. 
Gaillardia (blanket flower). These are 
among the most free-blooming of peren¬ 
nials. The second year they bloom from 
late Spring until cut down by hard frost. 
They are uninjured by light frosts. The 
mixed are yellow and red-brown, and 
when mixed with Delphinium in bou¬ 
quets are simply grand. They are very 
easily raised from seed, germinating in 
five to eight days, and are extremely 
hardy. Height two feet. 
Geum (Avens). A bright scarlet, 
blooms for a long time in Summer. 
Fine for bouquets. Germinates in 20 
days. Wants full sun. Grows one foot 
high. 
Gypsophila (baby’s breath). G. pan- 
iculata, white, two feet high, is fine for 
cutting. Other varieties may be ob¬ 
tained in pink and rose. Full sun; ger¬ 
minates in 10 days. 
Helenium (sneezeweed). Golden yel¬ 
low and fine for cutting; two feet high. 
Germinates in five days. Give it full 
sun and any kind of soil. 
Hollyhock. The double is fine. Sown 
in early April, they germinate in five 
days. Give full sun and treat as bien¬ 
nials, as the flowers are small after 
they have once bloomed. Height, five 
to seven feet. Bloom in midsummer. 
Heuchera. Small bell-shaped flowers 
in Summer and Fall. Wants sun; 18 
inches high; good for cutting, Hybrids 
best, and germinates in 20 days. Flow¬ 
ers all colors. 
Hypericum (St. John’s-wort) is an¬ 
other golden-yellow lover of sun. Mar¬ 
vellous free all-season bloomer. Has 
large flowers, grows two feet high and 
germinates in 20 days. 
Hesperis (Sweet rocket). An early 
Spring bloomer. The mixed has a good 
range of colors. Grows two to three 
feet high. 
Iberis (hardy candytuft). As soon 
as the snow is gone it begins to bloom 
and remains fresh for a month. May 
be had in white and blush white. 
Grows eight to 10 inches. Wants full 
sun, and germinates in 15 days. 
Incarvillea (hardy gloxinia). Very 
beautiful flowers in Spring and Sum¬ 
mer. Germinates under favorable cir¬ 
cumstances in 25 days. Any position, 
sun or shade. Grows 18 inches high. 
Iris.—Kaempferi or Japanese iris is 
very beautiful. Does best in a moist 
soil, but will succeed anywhere; has a 
great variety of colors. It may be 
germinated in a moist place in about 
50 days, but it is best to plant in the 
Fall, and it will come up in the Spring. 
Grows two feet high. 
Inula (fleabane) is fine for the bor¬ 
der. Give it full sun; it will grow two 
feet high and have an abundance of 
yellow and orange flowers in Summer 
and Fall. Germinates in 15 days. 
Lychnis (campion). Get the hybrids, 
give them full sun and they will be 
covered with bright flowers in May and 
June. They want full sun; grow two 
feet high and germinate in 10 days. 
Myosotis (forget-me-not) needs little 
description. All varieties are fine. I 
prefer Alpestris Victoria. The plants 
have a strong growing dwarf habit, with 
sky-blue flowers. Plant Myosotis in 
very early Spring, as it takes a long 
time to germinate (about 30 days). The 
seed should be barely covered. It suc¬ 
ceeds best in a shady, moist situation, 
but does well anywhere. Give a slight 
protection in Winter. The new variety 
Ruth Fisher has broad dark-green foli¬ 
age and large flowers; is very hard to 
germinate. 
Pinks (Dianthus) are not to be neg¬ 
lected in an article on hardy plants. 
They bloom the first year from seed, 
remain green all Winter and early the 
second year are a mass of bloom. I 
never had good luck wintering carna¬ 
tions, but the Marguerite is quite hardy 
and fine for cutting. Germinates in 
eight days. 
Polemonium (Jacob's ladder) is a 
grand old-fashioned border plant, one 
foot high. It comes in white and blue 
and likes partial shade. Germinates in 
10 days. 
Platycodon (balloon flower) is closely 
allied to the Campanula. Forms neat, 
compact bushes of branching, upright, 
habit, two to three feet high; blue flow¬ 
ers, and bloom for about a month, be¬ 
ginning about the middle of June. If 
given a mulch in Winter it is quite 
hardy. Wants sun and takes 15 days 
to germinate. 
Perennial peas (Lathyrus). While not 
a climber, require a support or trellis. 
They have not the fragrance of sweet 
peas, but are very pretty and live a 
number of years if given the protec¬ 
tion afforded by a mulch in Winter. 
They want full sun, germinate easily in 
15 to 25 days, grow four to six feet 
high and come in a number of shades. 
Oriental poppy is hardy, will bloom 
the first year from seed and can be 
moved to permanent quarters in Sep¬ 
tember. Do not move but once, or in 
Spring, as they do not transplant as 
readily as other plants. Colors run 
through various shades of red. Grows 
1^2 feet high; germinates in 10 days. 
After first year they bloom in Spring 
and die down, coming up again in Sep¬ 
tember. Give them full sun. 
Primula (hardy primroses). Japon- 
ica is queen of the primroses and the 
hybrids are better. Bloom in Spring 
in a half shady place. Grow one foot 
high and germinate in 15 days. 
Hardy Phlox may easily be raised 
from seed. Planted in the Spring it 
takes a long time to germinate. Plant 
fresh seed in the Fall and it will all 
come up in the Spring. Height two to 
four feet. Give full sun. 
Peonies may be raised from seed, 
but it takes a year to germinate and 
five years to get a flower. It is best to 
get roots and plant where they are to 
remain for years. Give full sun. 
Saxifrage is fine for any place, cov¬ 
ered with flowers as soon as the frost 
is out of the ground in the Spring. 
Grow one foot high and colors are 
from light pink to crimson-purple. It 
will thrive in any kind of soil, in sun 
or shade, and germinates in 15 days. 
Stokesia (cornflower aster) bears 
beautiful lavender-blue cornflower-like 
flowers four to five inches across from 
June until October. Height two feet. 
Germinates in 10 days. 
Sweet William. There is an ever- 
blooining variety, but I have never tried 
it. The old-fashioned kind planted in 
the Spring and set out one foot apart, 
where it is to grow, as soon as large 
enough, will fill the bed and make a 
grand show for six weeks the second 
Summer. While the plants will live 
several years, it is advisable to treat as 
biennials, planting each Spring. The 
flowers will be much larger. I consider 
the single finer than the double. Wants 
full sun; grows \ l /> feet high and ger¬ 
minates in eight days. 
Tritoma (red-hot poker plant) has 
showy spikes of bloom three feet high. 
Germinates in 25 days; needs a good 
deal of protection in Winter. Give full 
sun. Roots may be purchased. 
Wallflowers. — The double German 
are not extremely hardy, but if given 
slight protection will live through the 
Winter and produce heads of very frag¬ 
rant yellow and brown flowers the next 
Spring. They grow V/z feet high, want 
full sun and germinate in about 15 days. 
Yuccas may be raised from seed, but 
take a long time to germinate. They 
grow three feet high, have a subtropical 
appearance and rejoice in full sun. 
Many large white flowers are borne on 
a long stem. Care must be taken that 
this flower stalk is not killed in the 
Spring by late frosts. 
I have recommended the starting of 
biennials in the early Spring. This is 
not the common practice. They are 
generally started in June and July, but 
it gives an amateur too much trouble to 
carry these late-started plants through 
the hot Summer months. L. p. c. 
Time for Orchard Pruning. 
What is the best time of year to prune 
young apple, pear and cherry trees, before 
they reach the bearing age? What would 
be the difference in effect on the tree be¬ 
tween pruning in March and in July, in 
New England? What is considered the best 
dressing for wounds; and is it necessary 
to apply this on small trees? i. c. f. 
We prefer to prune in late Winter or 
early Spring—just enough to shape the tree 
and no more. July pruning might and prob¬ 
ably would induce a little early bearing 
habit, but in some seasons with a warm 
Fall it would leave too much tender wood. 
A good grafting wax is suitable for cov¬ 
ing wounds. 
Farmf.rs and Good Roads. —The Winni¬ 
peg Telegram says: “Among the ways of 
providing better transportation facilities for 
the dairyman and farmer, none seem more 
feasible than a radial system of good roads 
running out-into the country for 10 or 15 
miles. Farmers then could drive in with 
their products at any season of the year 
and save the profits of possibly two mid¬ 
dlemen and of at least one, the railroad. 
In practice it generally works out that 
this saving is shared by both the consumer 
and producer. It would seem that any city 
could well afford to contribute generously 
as a business proposition to such a pro¬ 
ject which would both bring trade to her 
merchants and cheaper food for her peo¬ 
ple.” 
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12 *** 
This display won The Grand Sweepstakes Trophy for the Best State Exhibit of Potatoes 
($750.00 Sterling Silver Cup) at the New York Land Show, 1912 
These potatoes were raised by the E. L. Cleveland Company of Houlton, Me., the largest seed potato growers 
in the country. The competition was open to the entire United States and Canada. The first prize for Best 
County Exhibit of Potatoes ($200.00 Silver Cup) was also won by the E. L. Cleveland Company. 
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You should read “The Story of a Profitable Potato Crop," 
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