38Q 
q'HE R.UFLA.L NEW - VORKER 
March 15, 
SOILS FOR APPLE VARIETIES. 
Ben. Davis Soils. —Both Ben Davis 
and Gano appear to be able to adapt 
themselves to a great variety of soils. 
The Ben Davis is called “the apple 
of neglect.” Prof. Wilder says that it 
will stand more neglect than any other 
commercial variety and still bear fruit. 
In this respect it ranks somewhat with 
the Kieffer among pear varieties. Ben 
Davis and Gano, however, do not make 
a desirable growth on soil adapted to 
Rhode Island Greening; that means a 
soil heavy and moist. On such a soil 
the Ben Davis tree would make a very 
strong rank growth, but give poor quality 
and color of fruit. On the other hand, 
a soil too sandy will make a straggling 
tree with not the best of fruit. The soil 
adapted to the Baldwin will grow good 
trees, and as good fruit as the variety is 
capable of producing of Ben Davis. Such 
soils are also considered best for York 
Ijnperial and Winesap. On very thin 
shale hills, even Ben Davis will fail to 
make satisfactory results. It is true, 
however, that this variety will give bet¬ 
ter returns on such soils than any other. 
Prof. Wilder states that the Ozark Ben 
Davis is a little larger than that grown 
in the East, and a little superior in 
quality. During the last few years, 
however, a strong prejudice against Ben 
Davis has developed in the better mar¬ 
kets, and this is certainly felt more than 
ever before. It is doubtful if planting 
of Ben Davis to-day in New England 
for future cropping could be considered 
even a fair proposition. There are a 
good many planted in the East, how¬ 
ever, and these will continue to give 
fair crops, but the medium soils suit¬ 
able for Baldwin make the best home 
far this variety. 
Russet Soils. —Some years ago the 
Roxbury Russet was a favored variety 
in New England. It is now rarely 
planted, though probably when put on 
just the right soil it would still pay. 
There are little spots or pockets scat¬ 
tered through the Eastern States where 
Russet would do well. This variety is 
a gross feeder. It will stand very much 
heavier feeding than Baldwin, and re¬ 
quires soil the exact opposite of what 
we call Baldwin soil. It does best on a 
deep, heavy loam, heavily fed with sta¬ 
ble manure, and the soil kept full of 
humus. A soil adapted to Greening 
would be a little too heavy for the Rus¬ 
set. What it needs is a naturally 
drained soil that has been thoroughly 
enriched with manure, or other forms 
of humus. For example, we have in one 
of our orchards several Russet trees 
among the Baldwins. We tried the ex¬ 
periment of burying dead animals be¬ 
side these trees, and also manuring 
heavily with stable manure as a mulch. 
It was found that this heavy fertilizing 
produced too much growth on the Bald¬ 
win trees, and large, soft, light-colored 
fruit. On the Russet trees, however, 
growing in the same orchard side by 
side with the Baldwins, this heavy ma¬ 
nuring gave the very finest fruit. It 
seemed, therefore, that the Russet was 
by nature a heavy feeder, capable of 
utilizing large quantities of stable ma¬ 
nure. The Baldwin, on the other hand, 
was a lighter feeder by nature, and 
could not stand so much manure. 
Other Varieties. —Gravenstein does 
best on a medium soil, neither too moist 
nor too rich. The fruit is not very 
satisfactory on thin or light sandy soils, 
and when planted on rich, moist ground 
such as would be used for Northern 
Spy, or Greening, it rarely matures 
early enough. Under such conditions 
the tree grows too late in the season, 
and is likely to be caught by frost. The 
Rome Beauty requires much the same 
soil as Baldwin, that is, a light loam. 
It is grown with fair success in the 
lower Hudson Valley, and at some 
points in Western New York, but is not 
likely to become a leading commercial 
sort in either place. 
Grimes Golden requires almost exactly 
the same soils as Greening to do its 
best, but is not, of course, so desirable 
as a Northern apple. King or Tomp¬ 
kins King does best on a moist, yet 
well-drained soil; that means a lighter 
type of Greening soils. This variety 
must have a supply of moisture with¬ 
out check through the season. On heavy 
soils the King lacks a clear skin and 
the best appearance. Probably an ideal 
soil for King would be a light mellow 
loam, the sand in it being of medium 
texture rather than fine. We should 
avoid a subsoil that was inclined to be 
thick or stiff. Planters will find that 
this matter of adapting the variety to 
the soil will prove of the greatest im¬ 
portance in apple culture, and is one of 
the things which the planter should fully 
consider before setting out his trees. 
Fall or “ Everbearing” Strawberries. 
[We have made several statements about 
these strawberries. Most of them we think 
are poor plant makers. For this reason the 
demand is heavy, and we feel sure some of 
the nursery fakers, will substitute ordinary 
kinds for the “everbearers.” We do not 
yet believe that fruit of these varieties will 
become of great commercial importance. We 
advise purchasing a few plants, but would 
not “plunge” heavily. Mr. Harlan Iiock- 
hill, of Iowa, who has developed several 
good varieties, has sent us this note.] 
We had a little over an acre in Pro¬ 
gressive and Standpat set three feet six 
inches both ways. More than half the 
patch was Progressive. W T e picked 500 boxes 
Progressive, 37G Standpat. I made care¬ 
ful estimates several times and believe over 
1,000 boxes of good marketable berries 
spoiled on the field. We had other import- 
ant work and no help. The help problem is 
serious, $30 to $45 per month, $2 to $2.50 per 
day, common rough labor with board and a 
horse kept. Corn huskers got $3 to $G per 
day, and we cannot get enough help at that. 
Land is high, $150 to $250 per acre; prices 
of stock and grain good. Young people are 
going to Canada to buy cheap land, and not 
enough coming in to replace them. I ap¬ 
preciate your position in regard to people 
getting swindled on everbearing plants. I 
know of a good many, some of my own 
neighbors. The first time I showed potted 
plants in fruit at Iowa State Fair, some 
years ago, the officers had to move my ex¬ 
hibit near the Ames exhibit so they could 
watch it. I could not be there all the time. 
Some nurserymen made false representa¬ 
tions to visitors and booked orders for 
plants from my exhibit. I sent a good ex¬ 
hibit last Fall; the officers guaranteed to 
protect the exhibit and the public. I have 
been sorely vexed to think that men living 
only two or three miles from me, would, 
when a stranger came into the yard, give 
him an order for $10 worth of everbearing 
strawberry plants and get nothing, when 
they see about our berries in our home 
papers and see us selling berries on the 
streets. I most heartily agree with you 
on people plunging heavily into new and 
untried things. Isn’t it bad even on old 
and well-tested things as a general rule? 
In the same article, page 104, you say the 
everbearers are poor plantmakers; that is 
true of many, but not all kinds; they may 
not have made plants freely with you. But 
the very fact that I and half a dozen of 
my growers have from 10,000 to 25,000 
each of Progressive, is to me positive proof 
to the contrary. In filling one order last 
Fall, we dug one good row 20 rods long, 
got over 2,000 plants; one light row where 
grubs had destroyed many of the original 
plants, gave 1,000 plants. We dug these 
two rows so we could give a better estimate 
of what we had. I have dug 150 Progres¬ 
sive plants from 16 feet of running row. 
I have not the courage to ask Nature to 
give more than that, together with the 
many other blessings she has compressed 
into this little plant, harlow rockhill. 
Iowa. 
At our recent apple show there was a 
barrel of Rome Beauty from this county 
with only 135 apples in it, and they were 
well colored, too. There were others from 
the countv also as red as Winesap usually 
are, and weighing about a pound each, too. 
Some weighed 20 ounces each. There were 
some fine pictures taken of the show, and 
also of the several booths consisting of two 
barrels, 4 boxes, 10 trays and 10 baskets 
each and 10 plates. u. t. cox. 
Ohio. 
Wiiex you write advertisers mention The 
R. N.-Y. and you’ll get a quick reply and a 
“square deal.” See guarantee editorial page. 
Large Yields From Your ■■■ ■ 
UarrlfMi This is the title of a hook by Adolph 
ua Kruhm for a number of years with 
W. Atlee Burpee, the seedsman of Philadelphia. 
This valuable book will be given you Tree 
with a 0 mouths’ trial subscription to the 
Veoetable Grower for only twenty-live cents. 
The paper is published monthly. It is of great bene¬ 
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The Veoetable Grower, 3347 Boyce Bldg., Chicago, III. 
FAY & WILDER CURRANT BUSHES 
Very fine. 2 year old. true to name. $18 per M 
J. F. WYGANT, - Marlboro*New York 
$600 
IN CORN PRIZES 
Write L. W. GWATKIN, Secretary 
STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY, • BERLIN. CONN. 
BARGAINS IN NURSERY STOCK 
We Pay the Freight and Guarantee Satisfaction, Vari¬ 
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Lot No, 1—100 Elberta Peach, 2 to 3 ft., $5.00 
For other bargains, write at once for 
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Kept. I) NEW HAVEN, MO. 
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Kept one year on one acre of Eureka Corn. It yield¬ 
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EUREKA CORN 
grows tallest—has most leaves—more cars 
Why plant ordinary corn that yields only 15 to 25 tons an 
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ROSS BROS. CO., 67 Front St., Worcester, Mass. 
THE FAMOUS 
BLACKBERRIES 
Vigorous, Hardy, Productive, Fine Quality, Firm, Very Late. 
SELECT QWFFT POTATOES CH0ICE 
SEE0 SWEET 
Kvar-bearlng 
PLANTS 
Vines, etc. 
Raspberriea, (Jooaeberrles, Grape 
rrn 14 I IFPF CIRCULAR PRICE LIST FREE 
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Strawberry and Raspberry 
price. Circular free. J. V. M 
URE SEEDS 
THAT GRDW—GENUINE—UNAUOLTERATEH 
50c COLLECTION for 10c 
All packed in big cnvclopo which is good 
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Shows largest collection of puro garden, 
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Pure Seed Specialists 
P. O. Box see A Waterloo, tow* 
00D SEEDS 
BEST IN THE WORLD 
Pricet Ralntw All (IthiM 
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Prices Below All Others 
I will give a lot of new 
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Over 700 illustrations of vege¬ 
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___ and your neighbors’ addresses. 
R. H. S HUM WAY, Rockford. Illinoir 
For Cola—Cow Pens, $2.50 bushel. Seed Bnck- 
rui oaic wheat, 85e. bush. Crimson Clover Sood. 
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Onion Sets, $2 bush. JOSEPH E. HOLLAND. Milford. Del. 
10 FRUIT TREES 
WHOLESALE PRICES 
On ST worth and up. Strawberry, Raspberry, 
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Extra heavy rooted, high grade stock. No better 
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Worth $1.50 for 95 cents 
1 Seckel Pear 
1 Bartlett Pear 
1 Niagara Peach 
1 Bing Cherry 1 McIntosh Apple 
1 Montmorency 1 Delicious Appls 
1 Abundance Plum 1 Orange Quince 
1 Heine Claude Plum 
AI1 trees first class, 2 yr., 4 to 5 ft. high, for 95 cents. 
Write for free illustrated catalogue and send list of 
your wants for special prices, freight paid. 
F.W. Wells’ Wholesale Nurseries, Box 1, Dansvllle, N. Y. 
Buy Allen’s Strawberry Plants 
They can be depended upon. They are raised in a nursery 
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ee 
16 Trees andPlants$i°? 
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Oar trees are upland grown, propagated from 
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MALONEY BROS. A WELLS CO., 123 Main Stroot, Dunsvillo, Now York 
Dansvillc's Pioneer Wholesale Nurseries 
AB°UT|tHE COST 
j^ This booklet will s ave mone y for-you. It tells t 
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CHEAP 
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A. A. BERRY SEBD CO.. Box t 60 CLARINDA, IOWA 
CLOVER 
25 
(ESTABLISHED 1869) 
GEO. A. SWEET NURSERY CO. 
MAPLE STREET, DANSVILLE, N. Y. 
There is nothing in our advertisement 
that is not actually in the TREES. 
“Healthy, Hardy, True - to - Name, 
sold direct from nursery . ” 
ASK FOR CATALOGUE 
\ 
Vcs, sir, there's big money in 
them If you start with the right 
kind of plants—the sure grow kind. 
Baldwin Plants 
are all large and healthy. They are northern 
grown, havo hoavy roots and aro fully guaranlood. 
Road Our Guarantee 
All plants iiro guaranteed to be first-class and true 
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0. A. D. BALDWIN, R.R. 15, Bridgman, Mich. 
Cheap. Profitable Farm Lands 
For Stock, Poultry and Hog raising, Dairying, Fruit grow¬ 
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SOUTHEASTERN STATES present soil, climatic and market condi¬ 
tions unsurpassed by any other region. 
Farm land values are most tempting. Undeveloped tracts sell from 
$6 an acre up; improved properties range from $20 to $50 per acre. 
THE SOUTHERN RAILWAY 
Mobile & Ohio Railroad or Georgia Southern & Florida Railw-.y 
will help you find a desirable farm location where two and three crops 
grow annually. Alfalfa produces 4 to 6 tons. Corn yields 60 to 100 bu.. 
Truck crops make $100 to $400, Apple Orchards $ 100 to $500 per acre, 
and Beef and Pork are produced at 3 to 4 cts. per lb. 
Let us know in what state and branch of farming you are interested. 
Information given and free publications furnished on application 
M. V. RICHARDS, Land & Induitrial Agent. Room 87 Waabiogton, D. C. 
