1913. 
403 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKEH 
The Henyard. 
PROFIT IN THE POULTRY BUSINESS. 
Of poultry writings I enjoy none better 
than those of Mr. Cosgrove. And then the 
story of his life as given in “The Business 
Hen” is very interesting. I was particu¬ 
larly edified and amused by his pertinent 
reference to the Hogan system, page 277. 
Now Mr. Cosgrove is honest, and is very 
careful in his statements. Can you not 
get him to shod some real light on the 
absorbing question of poultry profits? Be¬ 
tween the six and odd dollars profit per 
hen claimed to have been realized on a 
large commercial plant in New Jersey, and 
the “little or no profit in the business,” 
there is a mighty wide discrepancy; this 
of course may be due to a humber of fac¬ 
tors. a. c. 
New York. 
Usually the truth is found about half 
way from the extremes. That the Com¬ 
ings actually made a profit of $6.30 per 
hen is not at all impossible in their way 
of figuring; for they got more than the 
market price for the eggs, and sold the 
pullets after 10 months of egg produc¬ 
tion, for breeders at $2 each, which is 
about four times what they would have 
brought for meat. They cut out the loss 
of the moulting season, in which for two 
to three months the hen produces noth¬ 
ing, and eats up part of the profit she 
has previously made. They put a new 
lot of pullets into the houses and im¬ 
mediately force egg production as much 
as possible by feeding green cut meat 
and bone to the extent of one-half the 
mash. They simply deduct the cost of 
feed from amount received for eggs and 
fowls. Interest on capital invested, al¬ 
lowance for depreciation of plant, and 
for labor other than their own, if there 
was any, are not considered. They 
cut the labor cost by keeping 1500 birds 
in one house. This is the intensive sys¬ 
tem. 
Mr. G. G. Tillinghast is an illustra¬ 
tion of the opposite or extensive system. 
He covers 30 acres with colony houses 
holding about 50 birds; enough feed 
is put in a big hopper to last a week 
or more. Wheat screenings is the bulk 
of the food used. These are White 
Leghorns; they can go to a brook for 
drink if it is not frozen, eat snow if 
there is any, or go without when there 
isn’t. No attempt is made to get many 
eggs in Winter; but these birds which 
have roughed it all Winter respond 
quickly to good feed and care in the 
Spring when fertile eggs are wanted to 
go into his incubators, for “day-old 
chicks” are his main source of profit. 
30.000 chicks even at 10 cents each is 
$3,000. Not a bad income, allowing 
that enough sales are made from eggs 
and other sources to pay for food con¬ 
sumed. 
Mr. Tillinghast will not give exact 
figures of profit to any one, although 
often solicited to do so; but it is sure 
he would not, or could not, continue 
in the business for years, if there was 
“no profit in it." Foxes have dug holes 
and had young in the lot with his poul¬ 
try, thieves on two legs have also both¬ 
ered him, but he still continues the busi¬ 
ness. It is hardly possible to obtain 
“exact figures of profit or loss from 
commercial plants," as this correspond¬ 
ent suggests, Results vary from year 
to year; a neighbor who keeps about 
600 head has not had half the profit 
this Winter from his flock that he did 
last Winter. The best we can do is to 
average the results. I found that I 
could pretty safely count on $1.50 per 
hen annual profit; when I was selling 
all my eggs at market prices, and buy¬ 
ing all the feed. Of course another 
man might with the same fowls make 
more profit than I did; or he might not 
make any profit and incur a loss. I 
don’t think there is any business in 
which the personality of the individual 
counts for more than in the poultry 
business. geo. a. cosgrove. 
Disinfecting Incubator and Eggs. 
Will Buchanan Burr, M. D., advise in 
regard to thorough disinfection of ma¬ 
chine after each hatch, i. e., is lysol 
practical and what per cent, solution should 
be used? Should machine be well aired 
and dried before starting next hatch after 
using said disinfection? About the sterili¬ 
zation of eggs, does he mean the eggs 
should be dipped in bichloride solution or 
washed, and, what strength solution? 
For instance, the following table is gener¬ 
ally found labeled on bichloride bottles: 
J‘1000 solution 1 tablet in 1 pint water 
1-L000 solution 1 tablet in 2 pints water 
l-.>ii()0 solution 1 tablet in 3 pints water 
I have started a new machine and the 
hrst test (7th day) showed 94 2-10% fertile, 
the second tost (15th day) showed 92% 
live germs. Have never been troubled with 
whice diarrhoea, hut consider it necessary 
to use a preventive. f p. p. 
Bridgeport, Conn. 
T do not know lysol solution ; have used 
kretol or kreolin or creoctde, they are 
all coal tar products saponified and any 
of them will do. After each hatch scrape 
off with a dull knife all blood, shells and 
excreta from the wire hatching trays, then 
wash them with a brush with a solution 
as above, washing sides of machine as far 
as you can reach. Scrape off the burlap, 
floor of chick trays and wash sides and 
burlap clean in same solutions. As burlap 
wears out replace with new. Put trays 
back in machine, close it, and heat it up 
until trays are dry. Then put in nest eggs. 
Dissolve one standard bichloride tablet in 
two quarts of filtered water, and dip the 
clean eggs in this solution, laying them 
on bagging or cloths until dry, as the 
bichloride will eat into the wire trays and 
stain the eggs. All manure and other filth 
should be scraped from the eggs before 
dipping. If stock is known to be healthy 
after one or two hatchings the dipping may 
be abandoned, but the treatment of ma¬ 
chine must be kept up. 
BUCHANAN BURR, M. D. 
The Cornell Formula. 
On page 1,140 you gave a formula for 
feeding hens, recommended by the Cornell 
Experiment Station : GO pounds wheat; 60 
pounds corn; 30 pounds oats; 30 pounds 
buckwheat. Dry mash: 60 pounds corn- 
meal ; 60 pounds wheat middlings; 30 
pounds wheat bran: 10 pounds Alfalfa; 
30 pounds oil meal; 50 pounds beef scraps; 
one pound salt. Will you tell me how 
many chickens that will feed, how much 
each day, also information regarding the 
Cornell gasoline brooders and Cornell type 
brooder houses and feed hoppers? 
Norfolk, Va. f. j. a. 
This dry mash is to be kept before the 
fowls, in hoppers, which are opened at 
noon, and the fowls allowed all that they 
will eat through the rest of the day. The 
grain is to be mixed, and fed in the litter 
night and morning, one quart or more to 
each 25 fowls. As a rule, the fowls should 
eat about half as much dry mash, by 
weight, as whole grain, and this amount 
may be regulated by increasing or diminish¬ 
ing the amount of grain fed. Grain being 
preferred by the fowls, they will fill up 
on it, if given the opportunity, in prefer¬ 
ence to eating the mash. 
A request directed to the Poultry Depart¬ 
ment at Cornell University, Ithaca. N. Y., 
will bring you their bulletin describing the 
Cornell gasoline heated brooder house in 
detail. Space will not permit full descrip¬ 
tion of it here. m. b. d. 
When you write advertisers mention Thk 
R. N.-Y. and you’ll get a quick reply and a 
“square deal.” See guarantee editorial page. 
D UF F ORPINGTON FOGS $1.2f> per IS. Owen Farms prize strain. 
1J Fawn Indian Runner Eggs, white cg£ strain, $l.f >0 i»er 11. 
T. II. METTLER, • • • • East Millstone, N. J. 
fnrHatrtlin<r from high Class8.C.WhiteDeg- 
Cgga 1U1 nfllOlllllg horns . Hardy and healthy. 
Great chalk-white egg producers. Prices right. Cat¬ 
alog free. Maple Grove Farm, Box R, Smithville, N. Y. 
W/HITE 8 BUFF ROCK EGGS for hatching. Silver enp wln- 
"ners at the great Morristown show. Mammoth Pe¬ 
kin Ducks. Catalogue free. Peter Henry, Flanders, N. J. 
RHODE ISLAND RED 
Hatching Kgm> ami breeding stock lor sale from mv famous Hock 
of heaviest-laying dark licda in America. 
VIBKRT RED FARM. Box 1, WESTON. N. J. 
BARRED ROCKS }( re,i in T the very best blood 
VVV/V,rkO hues. Eggs. $1 per sittin°” 
$5 per 100. CHflS. T. DOWNING, R. 2, West Chester. Pa. 
IIVING KGG MACHINES-R. C. Buff Leg- 
■" horns. Most beautiful and hardy of fowls. Eggs 
$2 per la. Circular. W. J. Thomson, Delhi, N. Y. 
CINGLE COMB WHITE LEGHORN 8 S. C. R. 1. RE0 EGGS 
for hatching. Bred for size, vigor, and large 
egg®— ail on free range. $1.50 per 15, $6.00 per 
100. J. S. KKNSLKK, Terryvllle, N. V. 
UJHITE Wyandotte Eggs for Hatching 
—Choice Stock. 51.00 per 15 : 54.00 per 
bnDdred. M. W. Bell, 11 add on field, N. J, 
EGGS FOR HATCHING 
$1 per 15 ; $6 per 100; from an extra large sized and 
one of the host-laying strains of S. 0. W. Leghorns 
in existence. J. M. CASE, Gilboa, New York 
PEKIN DIJCK- Heus - Ib-akes, Geese and 
J L ' U '‘' rk ‘ Pearl Guineas for sale. 
VERNON H. TIGER, - Gladstone, N. J. 
FOR SALE - ^? ? INGLE C0MB WH,TE LEGHORN 
,,the large laying kind. $1 each. 
GUO. I,. FERRIS jfc SON, Atwater N. Y. 
Si LEGHORNS—Eggs for hatching 
.. -* rol 2}. fine-laying and prize-winning stock. Eggs 
$1.50 to $,t per 15. George McCann, R. R. 2. Caraopolis, Pa. 
CILVER LACED WYANDOTTES, I.D. Keller, W. U. Dunn A 
W Oak Uwn strains. Most beautiful fowl. Excellent layers 
IS ejTKs $1.50 and $2. F. M. SWART. Margarotvillo, N. Y. 
EXTRA LAYING STRAIN White Wyandottes. 
u kggs, $1.50 and $2 per 15. W. J. THOMSON, Delhi, N. Y. 
New York Prize-Winning Strains-" 1 ^, 
Barred Rocks, R. I. Reds; Brown, White Leghorns! 
Dark, Light Brahmas; Eggs, 
$k.a0, 15. Catalog free. A few choice breeders for 
sale F. M. PRESCOTT, Riverdale, N. J. 
HATCHING EGGS- Purebred S. C. W. Leohorns. All Pens 
■» laid more than fifty percent since November 16 . 
Setting $1.50; three settings $1.00; per hundred $7.00l 
Guaranteed. F. A. Clement, Richmond, Mass. 
35 v ** r, « ti «®. Chickens, Ducks, Geese, 
Fine stock and oggi 
reasonable. mg illustrated circular Free 
JOHN E. HEATW01E, Box 22. - - HARRISONBURG, VA. 
CAWN AND WHITE INDIAN RUNNER 
r , S. 0 White Leghorns. Eggs, day- 
old Chicks uud Ducklings from bred-to-lay. free- 
range stock at farmer's prices. Catalogue free 
PATTERSON POULTRY FARM. Clayton? N/y! 
PARCEL POSTfTOS 
Free delivery. FRANK HYDE, Peeksidll?N. # Y! 
R. 1. WHITES Lead the Reds 
Booklet free. J. A. JOCOY. TOVVANDA, PA. 
Rose Comb Buff Leghorns”* 1 * 
Madison Square Garden. Grand Central Palace; all 
big shows this season: hatching eggs and stock for 
sale FRED BERTRAM. Bound Brook. N. J 
WANTFn- puRE MAPLE SUGflR AN0 SYRUP. Also 
n Mil ILL* correspondence with some poultry 
raiser for weekly shipments of soft roasters. 
Can use fancy hennery browns and whites. 
Make us a trial shipment. No commissions. 
K. l.OHSKN, 883 3rd Are., N. Y. C. 
SeeWHAT 
WRITE FOR OUR BIG FREE CATALOGUE and LEARN JUST WHY IT PAYS 
TO BUY WHERE THERE ARE NO MIDDLEMEN’S PROFITS TO PAY 
m 
bui nn&n& intnt ftnt HU RRIUULLMtn d mUMI5 IU rAI 
JQfThiB Book will fully explain to yon the United Factories plan of selling. It will tell you just why\|fjl 
f many thousands of American people have adopted this way of buying because it meant a saving ' 
to them---it will explain why we were successful with our own factory, and why nineteen other 
' factories joined us---it will tell you why one selling organization can sell the products of these 
united factories at little more expense than it could handle the output of one. You know that cut¬ 
ting across lots often saves steps—Buying from the United Factories Is cutting across lots In 
selling— It is the short cut between you and the factory, with no grasping middleman holding out his 
1 hand to take gcxxl liard-earned money out of your pocket. This book will also explain to you our Profit- 
Sharing Plan, v’h’ch means a further savingof dollars to you. 
JILT-IN INSURANCE 
^%?EXCELL 
PROOFING 
Roofing Engineer Service Free 
Let us know the size of building you wa *; 
to cover--We will tell you iust now luch 
roofing you will need, and now to lay it— 
We will tell you whrt is best for you, 
URITO Excell Metal Roofing Is New—- 
It is the kind that wears—It is made by the 
Open Hearth process—Every sheet is full 
weight and full gauge. By buying now you 
will get the benefit of our extremely low 
prices. SEND FOR FREE SAMPLES. 
You will then see why it does not pay to put 
your money into wrecked second-hand 
roofing. We wantvou to see UNI TO Excell 
Metal Roofing— Test it—feel how stiff it is 
—Feel the Life that Is In It, and you will 
know why it lasts longer than any other. 
Write today for book on Metal Roofing 
and don't fail to make your wants known. 
MAKES MONEYforYOU 
It protects your pocket book against 
needless outlay for repairs—It makes 
yonr buildings look better— It maks. 
yoor building, worth moro money. 
Don’t take our word for this, but 
write lor our big Paint Book fna. 
Learn what bankers and real 
estate men have to say about how 
UNITO Paints Increasa property 
values— Learn what painters say 
about UNITO Paints— Every line in 
this book means money in your pocket. 
Weship UNITO Paints to you direct 
from the best equipped paint factory 
in America—That’s why we can give 
better quality at lower prices. Wrlto 
lor this book today, and with it 
we will send you free samples. 
Bu^y Buying 
Do you know how lo Test a 
vehicle? It will pay you to 
learn, because you should 
not buy ary vehicle without 
thoroughly testing it—this means longer lived 
vehicles, and prevents accidents. 
VEHICLE TEST BOOK FREE. 
We ask you in all fairness to yoursel f, that If you 
are going to buy a vehicle, to read this book and 
then ask any dealer whowantsto sell you a vehicle, 
to make these same tests. UNITO Vehicles are not 
only tested,but they’re guaranteed— Guaranteed for 
throe long years. Write lor the book today. 
90c 
Buys 
A Full Roll 
1 
we WILL SEND SAMPLES «fREE 
We are not afraid to have you test our noofing- 
UNITO Ready Roofing is so good that it will 
stand any test you can put it to—Its price is so low 
that you’ll besurprisea when you get our book. 
Wrlto for the book and we will tellyou just how 
to test Ready Roofing. We will also give you the 
best expert Roofing advice. UNITO Roofing comes 
to you direct from the factory—That’s why you 
get high quality at prices that none can beat. 
UNITO Ready Roofing must give straight satis¬ 
faction or No Pay. Write For The Book Today 
land Learn How To Save Roooflnq Dollars. 
Send for the United Factories 1913 Combined 
Catalogs. This big book will explain to you how 
the uniting of twenty great factories makes your 
money buy more—Explains our great United __ 
Factories Profit-Sharing Plan, that permits you to join our vast armvof co-operative buyers who share 
In our profits. Beside the items mentioned above, it also tells about UNITO Wall Board, Gasoline 
Engines, Incubators, Fence, Stoves, Harnoss, Sewing Machines, Farm Implements and Furnacea 
In writing be sure to mention what articles you are Interested In and we will explain how you can 
become a Profit-sharing member of the United Factories and get back 5 percent on all you purchase. 
THE UNITED FACTORIES CO. 919 United Factories Building, Cleveland, Ohio 
Water to Float a Navy 
If all of the water which has been pumped by Aermotors could be 
collected in one great body, it would form a sea on which all the navies of 
the world could maneuver. But you do not have to pump oceans of water 
to supply your own needs. What you want is some reliable and econom¬ 
ical power which will supply plenty of water for your house, bam and fields. 
An Aermotor of suitable size erected on a tower of proper 
height will do the work for you without bother or worry 
and with practically no expense. 
Power for Pumping 
It costs nothing for power if you use an Aermotor to do your 
pumping. More water is pumped by Aermotors for stock and 
domestic purposes than by any other kind of pumping machinery. 
They do their work silently, surely and satisfactorily. Aermotors 
have been pumping water faithfully for the past 25 years. Go to 
any part of the inhabited world today and you will find the Aermotor 
there ahead of you. From Alaska to Patagonia, from Hongkong 
to Liverpool, from Siberia to the Cape of Good Hope and on all the 
islands of the sea you will find them. You cannot travel far today 
without seeing an Aermotor standing out as the most prominent 
object in the landscape. Aermotors have gone everywhere because 
wherever they have gone they have been found to be the most 
economical, and most reliable device for pumping water. 
Count the Cost 
The price of gasoline has taken a big jump. It is likely to go up 
again any day. The air is free and the supply is inexhaustible. No 
one can comer your source of power if you use an Aermotor for 
pumping water. The first cost of an Aermotor is small, the upkeep 
is almost nothing, the service is most satisfactory. Anyone who 
has used an Aermotor will never be satisfied with any other pump¬ 
ing device. It was the first steel windmill and has always been the 
best. Aermotor Galvanized Steel Towers are best, too. 
“Storage Solves the Water Problem** 
We have just issued a large hanger, 16 x 44 inches, on the above 
subject. It contains over 100 pictures of Aermotor outfits which 
have been pumping water for the farmers of one community for 
from 1 to 20 years. These picures have been made from the finest 
lot of farm photographs that have ever been taken. If you will put 
V U P of these hangers in your living room it will be the most 
' ; talked about object there. It is 100 pictures in one and each indi- 
' vidual picture shows a prosperous farm where the Aermotor is 
‘ used for supplying all the water required. This hanger gives val¬ 
uable information about the storage of water for household and 
' stock purposes. You should certainly have one. It is free for the 
asking. Just one word “Hanger" on a postal card, with your 
name and address, will bring it. 
•Aermotor Co. Chicago 
B LACK LEGHORN KGGS-For hateliing-the 
kind that lay. (L E. HAMPTON. Pi TTSTOWH, N. J. 
VREELAND’S BUFF ROCKS 
Layers and winners. A few eggs to spare at 
$2.00 per 15. $5.00 per 60. 
A. L. VRKELAND, N utley, New Jersey 
Baby Chicks—Hatching Eggs 
S. C. W. Leghorns, R. I. Reds Barred Rocks, 
White Wyandottes. Bred to lay. Prices right. 
SUNNY HILL FARM, Flemington, N. J. 
WMITF Oti>( ncton Cockerels, Ajnlt hatched, $2.00 each; I. K 
TV 111 I k Drakce. GKO. BOWD1SH, Kspeiance, New York 
