404 
THE RURAL, NEW-YORKER 
March 15, 
FEEDING PROBLEMS. 
Drop Fruit for Pigs. 
To what extent can drop apples and 
peaches be used in feeding pigs, and how 
much grain would they have to be fed in 
addition? I have a large apple and peach 
orchard, and am thinking of raising pigs 
in order to utilize the waste apples and 
peaches, if it would be profitable. The 
fruit would have to be gathered and fed 
as my orchards are still young, so would 
be afraid to turn pigs into them. F. s. H. 
New Canaan, Conn. 
Our practice is to begin with a few 
apples or peaches and gradually increase 
until the hogs eat all they want. Then 
we keep the fruit constantly before them 
in boxes or troughs protected so the hogs 
cannot trample the fruit in the mud. This 
fruit will supply from one-third to one- 
half the needed grain. Corn is excellent 
to feed with the fruit. Do not expect much 
gain, for such culls have not great feeding 
value. Keep wood ashes and salt before the 
pigs. 
Ration for Milch Cows. 
Will you give me a ration for milch cows, 
Ilolstein, recently fresh, weighing from 900 
to 1200 pounds? For roughage I have 
plenty of corn silage with but little corn 
in it; plenty of Timothy hay. I also have 
plenty of oats that I can get ground at the 
mill. I can buy the following feeds: Oil 
meal, $1.70 per 100; gluten feed, $1.45; 
cornmeal, $1.15; cotton-seed meal, $1.50; 
bran, $1.20. How much feed for pounds 
of milk per cow should I feed? w. f. g. 
Wyoming Co., N. Y. 
A mixture of three parts, by weight, of 
cotton-seed meal, two parts cornmeal, and 
two parts bran will be in the correct pro¬ 
portions, or if you wish to use oats, equal 
parts ground oats and cotton-seed meal 
will have about the same feeding value. 
Feed about one pound of grain to 3% 
pounds of milk, daily. Feed grain twice 
a day, and preferably scattered over the 
silage. C. L. M. 
Fattening Pigs. 
I have some late Fall pigs that I am 
fattening to dispose of in April. What is 
the most economical grain to feed? I 
have been feeding about one-third bran 
and two-thirds cornmeal by measure all 
scalded and some salt in it. I have fed 
it warm ; I think the pigs eat it up cleaner. 
We give $1.25 per hundred for meal, $1.30 
for bran ; for low grade flour we give $2.50 
for 140 pounds. L. B. E. 
New York. 
A mixture of four parts (by weight) of 
middlings, four parts cornmeal and one 
part oil meal would be better. Middlings 
have twice the value of bran for pig feed¬ 
ing, not on account of their composition, 
but because of their greater digestibility. 
Low-grade flour at $2.50 per 140 pounds 
would be better than bran at $1.30 per 
100 pounds, and could be used in the 
above mixture instead of middlings, if de¬ 
sired. Scalding the feed increases its di¬ 
gestibility somewhat, and in cold weather 
it is better if fed warm. c. L. M. 
Protein in Mixed Feed. 
Would you tell me the cost of protein 
per pound in some of the standard makes 
of dairy feed? For instance one stock 
feed analyzes 8% protein, 3 . 70 % fat, 
11.95% fiber. We pay $1.50 per hundred 
for it. M - H * 
Ohio. 
is, one analyzing 16 to 20 per cent, of 
protein would probably compare favorably 
with a home mixture, as to quality and 
price. There is no better grain for horses 
than oats. A mixture of two parts (by 
weight) of oats and one part corn, ground 
together, is a good one for horses hard at 
work, and by some is preferred to oats 
alone. 1 think a good rule for horses at 
work is one pound of the corn-and-oats 
mixture and one pound of hay, daily, per 
100 pounds of animal. But of course the 
feeder must exercise judgment, as the needs 
of horses are not entirely alike. If the 
work is very hard the above ration might 
need increasing a little. c. l. m. 
Peameal and Flaxseed for Cows. 
I wish to know about the use of ground 
peas for cows in milk. Oil meal costs us 
four cents per pound here, and other feeds 
are high also. Peas grow excellently. 
Would they be safe to feed and would they 
take the place to any extent of oil meal? 
How much should be fed in connection with 
crushed oats and wheat, pea and oat hay 
and Alfalfa? Is there any harm in feeding 
straight ground flaxseed? How much? Jer¬ 
sey cows, five to 10 quarts per milking. 
Would peas be good for horses and sheep? 
IIow much? g. f. h. 
Rathdrum, Idaho. 
The protein content of peas is quite high, 
and they make excellent feed for milch 
cows. However, they are heavy and sod¬ 
den, when ground, and should be mixed 
with something lighter, as ground oats, 
bran, and the like. Eqiial parts of ground 
peas, oats and wheat, with Alfalfa or pea 
and oat hay would be excellent for cows. 
There is some disagreement as to the ef¬ 
fects of ground flaxseed. Some feeders 
maintain rhat it is too laxative to be fed in 
large quantities. At the Iowa Station, how¬ 
ever, eight pounds daily were fed to milch 
cows, with no ill results following. Prob¬ 
ably if fed in small quantities at first, grad¬ 
ually increasing the amount, a considerable 
quantity could be fed. The cathartic prin¬ 
ciple of the flaxseed is the only detrimental 
quality, and of course the feeder could de¬ 
termine for himself, how much he could 
feed. c . I., m. 
Molasses for Pigs. 
Have you had any experience in feeding 
molasses to pigs when they have to rely 
principally on pasture, and all other food 
is purchased? h. h. s. 
New York. 
No, our experience is confined to Winter 
feeding while the hogs were on dry food. 
Under such conditions the molasses paid. 
We doubt if it compares in actual food 
value with corn or other grain, but it has 
an excellent effect upon the system, espe¬ 
cially with old animals. We should not 
expect the molasses to pay as well while 
hogs are at pasture. Under such conditions 
we would prefer to spend the price for 
grain. 
Cheap Coi.d Storage.— Do you know of 
any plan whereby one can store apples in 
a cheaper manner than the brine system, 
by using simply ice and salt in tanks? This 
to be where ice is abundant. Is anyone 
operating any plant of the above kind with 
tanks over the storage room so as to form 
common refrigeration? I have heard of 
such a thing, but would like to know who is 
doing anything of the kind and what tem¬ 
perature it could be dropped to. We need 
something in the Fall this way to cool the 
fruit. This would signify that a well in¬ 
sulated building would be required. 
Connecticut. e. m. i. 
One hundred pounds of feed containing 
8% of protein would of course contain 
eight pounds which at $1.50 per hundred 
pounds, would cost about 19 cents per 
pound. A dairy feed containing only eight 
per cent, of crude protein, considerable of 
which is indigestible, is a pretty poor 
makeshift. A dairy feed containing less 
than 12 per cent, of crude protein must 
be mostly trash, and while the price may 
seem low in comparison with high-grade 
feeds, they are not worth much more than 
the same weight of good hay. To find the 
price per pound of protein, divide the price 
per hundred pounds of feed by the per¬ 
centage of protein. Of course this is not 
the only factor to be considered in de¬ 
termining the value of feeds, but it will 
assist some in making comparisons. 
C. L. M. 
Ration With Fine Hay. 
Give me a good balanced ration for 
milch cows. I have plenty of good hay 
of rather fine texture. I find that the 
prices of feeds in this section are, bran, 
$26 per ton ; middlings, $32 ; cornmeal, $25 ; 
feeding molasses, $7.50 per barrel of 55 
gallons. How will the results and prices 
of a good balanced ration compare with a 
good ready mixed molasses feed at $29 
per ton? Ground oats will average along 
with other feeds, as to price in this sec¬ 
tion. They are not especially high, nor 
especially low. Also give me a balanced 
ration for -working horses, on the plow 
and harrow, for April and May. I should 
like to use some cotton-seed meal and oil 
meal in this ration for milch cows if you 
consider it advisable. T. J. K. 
Little Falls, N. Y. 
A good ration for milch cows would con¬ 
sist of cornmeal, two pounds; bran, two 
pounds; cotton-seed meal, three pounds, 
and oil meal, one pound. Give three to 
four pounds twice a day per cow, and hay 
twice or three times daily. Molasses feeds 
vary from poor to good, according to com¬ 
position. Most of them contain considera¬ 
ble trash, such as screenings, weed seeds, 
oat hulls, peanut shucks and the like, and 
enough good feed to add a certain degree of 
respectability, and molasses to make it 
palatable. Most of us have heard of the 
man who made an excellent horse feed of 
cornmeal and sawdust. When asked the 
proportions of each ingredient he replied, 
“The more cornmeal the better.” And so 
with molasses feeds. The molasses itself 
is a good ingredient, when mixed with 
good material, but when used simply to 
make a cow eat something which her good 
sense tells her is not worth eating, it is 
not only a mean trick on the cow, but is 
also poor business for the dairyman. A 
“good” molasses feed at $29 per ton, that 
New Type of Silo. 
In the season of 1911 we built a silo 
that is unlike any that I have seen de¬ 
scribed in The R. N.-Y. It is a combina¬ 
tion of wood and concrete, and of the 
underground and above ground plan. We 
excavated a pit 10 feet deep on the west 
or bank side of our basement barn, and 
built up the wall for the silo of stone 
and cement mortor to the same height as 
the basement wall. The inside was plas¬ 
tered like a cistern and is water-tight ex¬ 
cept the door space. The bottom is a 
little smaller than the top, and extends 
two feet below the basement floor. Above 
ground we used the stone silo 18 feet 
high and 14 feet in diarn ter, making the 
silo 14x28 in size. We built it close up 
to the barn, within six inches of it. The 
doors are the continuous kind from top 
to bottom, so there is no high pitching to 
get the silage out of the pit. On account 
of the silo setting so close to the barn the 
doors are a little to one side of the cen¬ 
ter, where there Is sufficient room between 
the silo and the barn. If the silo had 
been two or three feet away from the 
barn, then the doors could open direct 
from the center. Our buildings are located 
on a gravel bed, so in excavating for the 
silo we found a lot of good material for 
building or concrete work, and about all 
of the sand and gravel for the wall of the 
silo came out of the pit, and a sufficient 
amount of gravel was thrown from the pit 
right into the basement, where we used 
It for filling and for concrete work for the 
cow stable and pigpens, etc. We cemented 
about 2,000 feet of the basement floor the 
same season. The remainder of the ma¬ 
terial from the pit was used on roadways 
and other filling, so that the cost of exca¬ 
vating was compensated by the value of 
the material itself for other uses. 
We have filled the silo twice; last year 
it kept well, except in places where the 
flir got in around the doors. This year 
we have found it in good condition so far, 
although we have not got down to the 
cement part yet. Thinking the cement 
might take some of the moisture from the 
silage and cause it to spoil around the 
outside next to the wall, we wetted the 
cement part just before filling the silo with 
a generous amount of water. For our con¬ 
ditions and purposes we have found this 
style of silo very convenient, economical 
and satisfactory. The doors open right in 
front and near the cattle, and if there is 
any frozen silage in the upper part of the 
silo we throw it down into the basement 
and let it thaw out before feeding. The 
underground part is free from frost which 
is an advantage. This silo is low down, 
making it convenient to fill and keep in 
repair, and less subject to the winds. 
Orleans Co., N. Y. r. x. smith. 
RIGHT NOW! Today-is 
tfip Time of Your Life to 
Make Bia Dairy Prof its 
While Feed Prices Are Low 
Go after them hard— do it now —the golden opportunity is here— today. Feed 
for bigger milk yield—crowd your dairy to its utmost limit—get more milk —get 
every possible drop your cows can be made to produce while feed prices are so 
low. Never before, possibly never again, will conditions be so favorable. 
With the right feed combination and quick action you can fairly coin money. 
But you must act quick—test out this plan—then go to it strong. You will be sur¬ 
prised how your profits will grow—how your cows will improve—how they will 
keep in "pink of condition”. Here’s the plan: Mix three parts of 
Schumacher Feed 
with one part of any good high protein concentrate you are now feeding, such as Gluten, 
Cottonseed Meal, Distillers’ Grains, Oil Meal, Malt Sprouts, Blue Ribbon Dairy Feed—and 
then note the results. You’ll wonder at the increased flow —at the improved condition of 
your cows—at the way they stand up —at the difference in your profits. Here is the proof: 
THE QUAKER OATS COMPANY, ^ t t „ , . 
Gentlemen:—I was feeding 1 bushel Gluten, 1 bushel Bran and 1 bushel of Cornmeal, mixed 
(equal parts bulk), when I was advised to feed 1 bushel Gluten and 2 bushels of Schumacher Stock 
Feed. I was milking 18 cows; in 3 days my cows gained 62 lbs. of milk. They continued to do fine. 
I used up my supply of Schumacher and went after more but the dealer was out. I bought bran 
and meal and went back to my former ration. In 2 days my cows dropped down 60 lbs. in miik. I 
bought more Schumacher as soon as I could, and am getting very fine results again. 
C. B. AMES, Delavan, N. Y. 
A Money-Maker for Dairymen 
No feed combination ever offered will pile up profits faster than the above. You’ll quickly 
see the reasons why. Your cows will lick it up eagerly —always be ready for more —relish 
it KEENLY and the results will show, first in the INCREASED flow, then in IMPROVED 
condition. It’s appetizing— affords that much needed variety of grain products so essential 
in a dairy ration—cows won’t tire of it and, with the addition of one part high protein con¬ 
centrate. it simply has no equal as a milk maker. A trial will soon convince you. Composed 
of finely ground corn, oats, wheat and barley products, scientifically balanced and blended, 
kiln dried. Ask your dealer about it; if he can’t supply you write us at once—"make hay 
while the sun shines"— do it today. ii7) 
THE QUAKER OATS COMPANY, CHICAGO, U. S. A. 
I 
I 
Will Make You Rich 
Money put into making your cowbam clean and sanitaryfs 
an investment! Cowb are the most sensitive animals. The better you 
care for them the richer they’ll repay you. Give them a clean, airy, 
comfortable place to eat, stand and sleep—you’ll find your profits 
I jumping. Investigate the 
Star Barn Equipment 
Litter and Feed Carrier 
Makes play out of the disagreeable, hard work of barn 
cleaning. Saves valuable liquids. Dumps and returns by itself. 
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Stalls and Stanchions - the s ?stem I NIT 
Star Equipment is the only practical because the only adjustable stall, and only 
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Cows are llnod evonly at gutter. Stanchions can be widened or narrowed to fit any size atock. 
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BARN PLANS AND BIG BOOK FREE 
Advise ns the number of cows you w ant to keep and give ua a rough aketch of barn 
with dimensions. We will advise you as to the best arrangement and glvo you valuable 
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Hunt, Helm, Ferris & Company 
fa 
The Handiest Hay Tool 
To be clean, sweet and nutri- plements. There is one machine 
tious, hay should be handled that will go far to make Your 
promptly and with the proper im- hay crop more valuable. It is the 
JOHNSTON 
Combined Side Delivery Rake and Tedder 
Angle steel frame. One lever operates both adjustments. Teeth adjustible and 
flexible—no carrying. When tedding, it thoroughly stirs and makes hay cure rap¬ 
idly. Suitable for heavy crops of beans. Two sizes. Johnston quality throughout. 
“Certainly! Buy a Johnston 
r. 
W 
Send Today for the John¬ 
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out. Full of valuable im¬ 
plement information. Free. 
Johnston Harvester Co. 
Box I00-E Batavia, N.Y. 
