1913 . 
\rWr£ RURAL NEW-YORKEBJ 
431 
SUBSTITUTF FOR HORSE HAY. 
You say that millet hay if fed dry to 
horses is likely to cause trouble. As I 
failed to seed any Timothy last Fall I 
would like to know if you know of any¬ 
thing I could sow that would make hay fit 
for horses to eat. I mean to sow and cut 
the same season. it. a. b. 
Calverton, N. Y. 
In such a case we would sow fodder 
corn thickly in drills, give good culture, 
and cure before the stalks get too hard. 
This will give a large quantity of ex¬ 
cellent fodder—a good substitute for 
hay. We are now feeding our horses 
on corn fodder roughage alone in place 
of hay. Do not feed dry millet hay to 
horses. 
Pollenization of Apricot. 
/>. A. J., Wellsburg, IF. Fa.—Does the 
apricot need the plum planted nearby for 
pollenizing, or does it need some other 
variety of apricot planted nearby, or is 
the apricot self-pollinating? 
Ans.— Apricot flowers are perfect 
within themselves and do not need the 
pollen of peach bloom or any other to 
cause them to fruit. The usual causes 
of failure to apricot trees bearing in 
the central and eastern States are two. 
They often bloom so early that the flow¬ 
ers are killed by late frosts, and if they 
escape this danger then the curculio 
is apt to sting the young fruit and 
cause it to drop. It is rarely that apri¬ 
cots are grown successfully east of 
the Rocky Mountains. West of that re¬ 
gion the Spring frosts are not serious 
and there is no curculio whatever. 
H. E. VAN DEMAN. 
Transplanting Holly. 
J. M., Nokcsvillc, Va .—Toll me how best 
to transplant the holly tree, when, size, 
roots cutting back top, etc. 
Ans. —The best time for moving ever¬ 
green hollies is in the early Fall, when 
the young wood has almost ripened, or 
in early Spring, before new growth 
starts. When transplanting the Euro¬ 
pean holly, Ilex Aquifolium, or the 
American Ilex opaca, which is probably 
what the inquirer refers to, nearly all 
the leaves should be stripped off, espe¬ 
cially if in an exposed situation. This 
seems positively necessary to success, as 
a means of avoiding excessive drying 
out. Large hollies seldom transplant 
successfully. In moving wild plants we 
would trim back moderately, as well as 
strip the leaves. The English holly 
stands severe pruning well, and is often 
trimmed into round heads or pyramids. 
It prefers richer soil than the native 
I. opaca, which grows freely in dry 
sandy places. 
Planting Japan Walnuts. 
F. TP., Grand Rapids, Mich .—What space 
should be allowed Japan (Siebold’s) walnut 
trees for fair development in single rows, 
in double rows, and in planting a grove of 
five or more rows? 
Ans.— It is not stated what the pur¬ 
pose is in setting trees of the Japan 
walnut, but if it is for the nuts they 
will bear my advice is not to plant them, 
because the nuts of the Sieboldiana 
species are of no real value. They are 
not only rather small, but the shells are 
very thick, and so constructed that the 
kernels must be extracted in small pieces, 
which is very unsatisfactory, although 
the flavor is very good. There is an¬ 
other species of Japan walnut known 
as Juglans cordiformis, bearing small 
heart-shaped nuts that are really very 
good, and the kernels come out easily. 
This might be worthy of planting for 
its nuts. Both species make very fine 
trees for shade and their wood is valu¬ 
able, but not equal to that of our own 
native Black walnut. For orchard pur¬ 
poses these trees should be set about 
40 feet apart each way, but in forest 
they should be much closer, or about 10 
feet, so as to crowd each other and 
cause tall trunks to form. 
H. E. VAN DEMAN. 
Lankford and Lawver Apples. 
Fj. C., Ferryman, Md .—Three years ago 
1 bought two Lankford and two I.awver 
apples, under the impression they were best 
quality and good keepers. I think I am 
mistaken. They are now 1 Vi-inch caliper, 
live feet to limbs. Would it be best to 
cut whole top oft' to three feet and graft 
to Stay man, or cut each limb (about five 
of them at the five-foot height) to five or 
six inches and graft each limb? I would 
prefer the lower head. 
Ans.—B oth the Lankford and Lawver 
apples are good keepers, but neither can 
be said to be of the highest quality. If 
the trees are no more than 1 % inch in 
diameter you can safely cut them olT at 
the desired height and graft. 
PAUL THAYER. 
USING A DOUBLE WELL. 
One of your readers in Orleans County 
asks me how he can get. water from a well 
25 feet deep with never less than four 
feet of water which is 30 feet from the 
line on his neighbor’s land, placing the 
pump on his own side of the fence. This 
can be easily and satisfactorily done as 
follows: Dig a false well on his side of 
the fence at any place desired about six 
feet deep. Then dig a trench from that 
to well deep enough to be below frost. 
Run a 1 %-inch galvanized pipe from one 
well to the other putting an elbow over 
the well and extending pipe down to six 
inches of the bottom with a check valve 
and strainer. In the false well put an 
elbow on the end of the pipe, turning 
We// Well 
down and into this put a short piece of pipe 
as long as the cylinder to be used on the 
pump. On this short piece of pipe put an¬ 
other elbow with a short nipple and another 
elbow turning up; into this a close nipple 
on to which connect the pump cylinder. 
The object of making this turn in false 
well is to make sure that in case anything 
should get into the pump to let water 
back into the well the cylinder being below 
the line of pipe to the well would always 
remain full of water and pump would start 
without priming. The rough sketch shows 
how it is to be done. But he will do well 
to remember that extra care must be taken 
to guard against ‘frost in the shallow false 
well, for it will not have the water below 
to keep it warm. j: s. woodward. 
Plowing Under Cow-horn Turnips. 
Last Fall I sowed Crimson clover and 
Cow-horn turnips as a cover crop. The 
turnips have not decayed, but are as good 
as ever. How shall I proceed to make use 
of them, in order to get the potash which 
they contain? I contemplate putting the 
ground in early potatoes. D. k. S. 
Shippensburg, 1’a. 
Plow the whole thing right under when 
you are ready to plant potatoes. The 
turnips will decay when warm weather 
comes. 
Land Soaked With Salt Water. 
I have a garden spot and it has been 
wetted with salt water. 1 have stopped 
the tide from coming in. If I mix coal 
ashes with the soil will it do any good, 
or will it be an injury? If I mix the 
coal ashes with the soil how much would 
you use to 5,000 square feet of land? Will 
tlic ashes injure the crops I am to plant 
next Summer? H. a. C. 
Wollaston, Mass. 
The coal ashes will not injure your crops 
and they will not do any particular good 
as they contain little if any plant food. 
They may improve the texture of the soil 
somewhat but such ashes have no particu¬ 
lar value as fertilizer. Land plaster spread 
after plowing and well harrowed or raked 
in will help work out the salt. 
Lime Before Small Fruits. 
I have a piece of land where the soil is 
acid. I would like to raise a variety of 
truck this year; sweet corn, beans, peas, 
squash, cabbage, etc., and set to straw¬ 
berries and raspberries next year. Can I 
use lime this Spring without detriment to 
the small fruits in 191-1? It seems to be 
the opinion of many that the small fruits 
do best in an acid soil. a. n. s. 
No. Stoughton, Mass. 
Strawberries do better where the soil is 
acid, but it makes less difference with rasp¬ 
berries. The garden crops you mention 
will be helped by the use of lime. We 
should use lime on this piece of land and 
give thorough culture. Decide early where 
these strawberries are to be planted and 
use less lime there than elsewhere. 
Spring Sown Clover and Corn. 
Can I sow a lot to clover this Spring 
and get a good cutting, about 15 pounds 
seed to the acre, then plow the lot and 
plant to fodder corn? n. L. c. 
Swansea Village, N. II. 
You will not be likely to get enough 
growth on the clover to pay when plowed 
under in June. Better sow oats and peas 
early, plow them under when ready and 
plont fodder corn. This will give a larger 
crop than the clover. 
Galvanized Iron Water Pails are the 
most economical to buy, only don’t use for 
Bordeaux mixture or you will have no 
pail. When they leak and are no longer 
useful as water pails, they may be used for 
handling fertilizer, seed or any dry sub¬ 
stance, though it may sometimes be neces¬ 
sary to cover a hole with a piece of paper 
or a leaf. After this use them for ashes. 
I keep 10 or a dozen beside my furnace to 
put ashes in, and when they are full carry 
out and throw on the land, sifting of 
course if worth sifting, which furnace ashes 
usually are not. This method I have pur¬ 
sued for 20 years or more, and it beats 
using barrels for ashes and then having 
them to handle. When the pail is entirely 
gone the bails bent in a letter S make 
the best kind of a hook to hold the bas¬ 
ket while gathering fruit. 
Rhode Island. 
February 2-f. We have a creamery in 
Cortland taking milk the year round : they 
are paying $2 per hundred for it at the 
present. Cows from $30 to $S0 at public 
sale, according to condition and time of 
coming in. Horses, Normans, good ones. 
$175 to $250. Hay in barn, $12 per ton; 
oat straw, $8: potatoes, 50; apples, 50 to 
75. Eggs, 22; butter, 30. j. e. v. 
Cortland, O. 
HOW TO GROW 
ON YOUR FARM OR COUNTRY ESTATE 
It is now time to plan and piepare for the summer planting. You can grow Alfalfa on your 
farm! But you must meet your particular soil conditions—therefore—we will without cost or ob¬ 
ligation give you expert advice on the selection of seed—seed bed preparation—planting—and 
care necessary to meet your requirements and secure a perfect stand with the aid of 
FARMOGERM INOCULATION 
Standard throughout the world 
Let ns tell you of tlie method of growing Vetch with your spring planting of Oats to increase the Oat crop 
and enrich the soil at the same time. Also how to secure the same results by growing Soy Beans or other le¬ 
gumes with your Corn. All spring sown clovers should be inoculated, and a little fertilizer applied now means 
more hay. Cow Peas and Soy Beaus for llay—as milk producers, cannot be excelled. This is practical inform¬ 
ation, of value to every farmer. 
TELL US YOUR PLANTING HiEAS FOR THE YEAR AND LF.T US HELP YOU PLAN IT ECONOM¬ 
ICALLY AND EFFICIENTLY FOR SOIL ENRICHMENT AND GENERAL FARM IMPROVEMENT 
EARP-THOMAS FARMOGERM CO., Bloomfield, N. J., U. S. A. 
- Our New Book No. 54 Sent free 
A Handful of Wilcox Fertilizer 
<f Represents more nearly 100% pure plant food than does 
any other substance in the world. You are familiar with 
a “ balanced ration ” for your live stock. Wilcox Ferti¬ 
lizers are “ balanced rations ” for plant life. 
They Are Fertilizers that Fertilize 
They get the young shoots out of the ground in double 
quick time, then properly nourish them until your reward 
is a bumper crop of perfect produce. 
Send for booklet to-day 
THE WILCOX FERTILIZER CO. - MYSTIC, CONN. 
for the soil only. Our Agri¬ 
cultural Lime can be applied 
at the time of seeding and 
will not bum anything. Will 
drill, broadcast or scatter. 
We guarantee immediate 
shipment, analysis, mechani¬ 
cal condition, fineness, quick 
results and no burning. 
Litmus paper free. Write us. 
CALEDONIA MARL CO., Caledonia, N. Y. 
EDISON 
PULVERIZED 
LIMESTONE 
Nature’s Crop Producer 
Made from the purest Crystaline White 
Limestone obtainable. 
Pulverized like flour; owing to its fine¬ 
ness of division, immediately avail¬ 
able to plant life. 
Not being Caustic, can be applied at 
any time without danger to plant life. 
The best and cheapest form of Lime 
for all crops. 
Especially recommended for Alfalfa. 
Sustains fertility and increases pro¬ 
ductiveness of tlie soil. 
For Sample, Booklet, Price, etc., address 
Edison Portland Cement Co. 
Stewartsville, N. J. 
GROUND LIMESTONE 
FOR SOIL IMPROVEMENT 
Alfalfa and Clover MUST have it 
ANALYSIS GUARANTEED 
Write for circulars ORDER EARLY 
THE STEARNS LIME COMPANY 
DANBURY, CONN. 
SAVE HALF Your 
Paint Bills 
By using INGERSOLL PAINT— proved 
best by 66 years’ use. It will please you. 
Only Paint endorsed by the “Grange.” 
Made in all colors,— for all purposes. 
DELIVERED FREE. 
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INGERSOLL PAINT BOOK —FREE 
7 ,. ‘V wpouw caused ny paint* 
fading, chalking and peeling. Valuable information 
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0. W. Ingersoll, ? ,b Plymouth St.. Brooklyn. N.V. 
A POTATO CULTIVATOR 
L° r V„ l . , e , tc ’ but its adjustments make it t 
kuuis pecially adapted for potatoes. To get ji 
° .u W l " e right depth and throw at each stage of t 
“ growth and be able to properly work the cr 
under all conditions, is your problem—it is o 
business to work it out for you in 
RIDING 
CULTI¬ 
VATORS 
Steel frame machines, made 
in many combinations of gangs, 
hoes, wheels, etc. Tlie hoes are 
always shitted in parallel lines 
so that you can get the same 
throw tn all parts of row. 
Ask your dealer to show them 
and write us for new booklet, 
“ Thorough Cu/tivation " 
Pivot BATEMAN M’F’Q CO. 
wheel Grenloch. N J. 
machines 
They guide, 
tasy. 
Pure Canada Hardwood Ashes 
THE JOYNT BRAND 
The best, cheapest and most lasting fertilizer in 
the world. They are nature’s own plant food to 
build up the land and restore It to its original fer¬ 
tility. Write for prices and information. Address 
JOHN JOYNT, LUCKNOW, ONTARIO, CANADA 
References: Duns or Bradstreeta or Bank of Hamilton, Lucknow 
Save Money on Harness 
Buy custom-made, oak-tanned harness 
direct from tactory at wholesale prices. 
We can save you money on any harness. 
All harness guaranteed—money back if 
you are not satisfied. 
KING HARNESS 
Will Outlive Your Horse 
All leather tested by experts. Over 31 years on 
market. Our big free catalogue illustrates over 
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Desk C, Rome, N.Y. 
Make MoneyG rowing Potatoes 
— O. K. 
Cham* 
pion 
Line 
Cutters 
Planters 
Sprayers 
Diggers, Sorters 
Descriptive matter 
tree. Write for it. 
Our No. 22 Planter 
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_l 
CHAMPION POTATO MACHINERY CO. 
151 CHISAGO AVENUE HAMMOND. INDIANA. 
n 
FUMA 
55 kins Prairie Dogs, 
Woodchucks, Gophers, 
and G r a i n Insects. 
"The wheels of the gods 
grind slow but exceed- 
So the weevil, but you can stop their 
ingly small, 
grind i 1 T 
with 
TAYLOR CHEMICAL CO.. Pena Yan, N. f. 
Fuma Carbon Bisulphide” 
